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Advisory Council April 2018 Meeting Presentation: Age-Friendly Health Systems

Friday, April 27, 2018

Printer Friendly Version in PDF Format (13 PDF pages)

 

Age-Friendly Health Systems

Amy Berman, Kedar Mate
Institute for Healthcare Improvement
The John A. Hartford Foundation

Agenda

  • Age-Friendly Health System
  • Brief Review of Other Initiatives Related to Dementia

AFHS: Situation and background

  • "Triple Threat"
    • Demography
    • Utilization
    • Disutility
  • Counties Included in Data Set:
    • Livingston
    • Macomb
    • Monroe
    • Oakland
    • Washtenaw
    • Wayne
Population Growth by Age Group 2010-2040
Bar chart.

Know-do gap

  • We have lots of evidence-based geriatric-care models of care that have proven very effective
  • Yet, most reach only a portion of those who could benefit
    • Difficult to disseminate and scale
    • Difficult to reproduce in settings with less resources
    • Most do not apply across settings of care (e.g. hospital and home)
  • The portion programs are reaching today is about 4 million of our 46 million older adults

Improving the Health of Older Adults

  • $565,000,000
  • Amount invested in aging and health since 1982
  • Age-Friendly Health Systems
  • Family Caregiving
  • Serious Illness and End-of-Life

What is an Age-Friendly Health System?

  • A system in which every older adult 65+:
    • Gets the best care possible;
    • Experiences no healthcare-related harms;
    • Is satisfied with the health care; and
    • Realizes optimal value.

AIM

  • By 2020, we will reach older adults cared for in 20% of US health care facilities

Deriving the Evidence-based interventions

  • Reviewed 17 evidence-based models and programs serving older adults:
    • What population is served?
    • What outcomes were achieved?
    • What are the core features of the model?

July - August 2016

  • 90 discrete core features identified by model experts in pre-work
  • Redundant/similar concepts removed and 13 core features synthesized by IHI team
  • Expert Meeting led to the selection of the "vital few": the 4Ms

The Four M's

  • What Matters: Knowing and acting on each patient's specific health goals and care preferences
  • Medication: Optimizing medication use to reduce harm and burden, focused on medications affecting mobility, mentation, and what matters
  • Mentation: Identifying and managing depression, dementia and delirium across care settings
  • Mobility: Maintaining mobility and function and preventing complications of immobility

Evidence-base

  • What Matters:
    • Asking what matters and developing an integrated systems to address it lowers inpatient utilization (54% dec), ICU stays (80% dec), while increasing hospice use (47.2%) and pt satisfaction (AHRQ 2013)
  • Medications:
    • Older adults suffering an adverse drug event have higher rates of morbidity, hospital admission and costs (Field 2005)
    • 1500 hospitals in HEN 2.0 reduced 15,611 adverse drug events saving $78m across 34 states (HRET 2017)
  • Mentation:
    • Depression in ambulatory care doubles cost of care across the board (Unutzer 2009)
    • 16:1 ROI on delirium detection and treatment programs (Rubin 2013)
  • Mobility:
    • Older adults who sustain a serious fall-related injury required an additional $13,316 in hospital operating cost and had an increased LOS of 6.3 days compared to controls (Wong 2011)
    • 30+% reduction in direct, indirect, and total hospital costs among patients who receive care to improve mobility (Klein 2015)

References at end of slides

Affiliates

  • The John A. Hartford Foundation
  • Institute for Healthcare Improvement
  • Trinity Health
  • Kaiser Permanente
  • Scension
  • Providence St. Joseph Health
  • Anne Arundel Medical Center
  • Catholic Health Association of the United States
  • The Joint Commission
  • American Hospital Association

A sample of tests being run by our health system teams

  1. Glacier Hills: Moving to single document, work flow, documentation of What Matters conversation
  2. Glacier Hills: Education of providers about asking What Matters questions using Being Mortal film
  3. St. Alphonsus: What Matters Most to You flyer
  4. St. Alphonsus: Testing Serious Illness Conversation Guide questions
  5. St. Alphonsus: Asking What Matters questions in Assessment Bundle
  6. St. Alphonsus: Moving advance care planning documents/ advanced directives to the next level/site of care or provider at discharge
  7. St. Mary Mercy: Integrate What Matters questions into geriatrics assessment
  8. Providence: Testing Scotland What Matters questions
  9. KP: Knowing older adults through "My Care My Life" binder
  10. Ascension: Assessing caregiver burden with caregivers and patients
  11. Ascension: Information on website about services and to enable self-referral
  12. Ascension: Streamlined patient access Referral and intact process
  13. St. Alphonsus: Bring home med containers to AWV for better med rec
  14. St. Alphonsus: Checking home meds with provider profile in EMR with every admit
  15. St. Alphonsus: Obtaining med list from pharmacy to review for deprescribing
  16. St. Alphonsus: Education guide based on Med Rec Guide
  17. St. Mary Mercy: Medication review for pill burden and sending deprescribing recommendations to pharmacy
  18. Providence: PharmD reviews med list for high risk meds and recommends de-prescribing to PCP
  19. PACE: Pharmacovigilance review with ER/hospital utilization review
  20. Anne Arundel: Established an Age-Friendly prescribing "culture"; Looking for opportunities to scale-up to other units
  21. KP: Patients encouraged to bring personal items to hospital to create a "Just like home" environment
  22. KP: Coaching for staff to develop personal relationship with pts
  23. KP: Educate providers re medication issues for deprescribing and treatment of delirium
  24. KP: Self-care plan for high-risk patients, case manager creates plan to include hydration and nutrition
  25. Glacier Hills: Screening (bCAM), standard intervention for delirium
  26. St. Alphonsus: Assessment with mini-cog and PHQ2
  27. St. Mary Mercy: Communication re 3D delirium assessment
  28. St. Mary Mercy: Assessment with family member involvement
  29. Anne Arundel: Hydration- geriatric cups
  30. Glacier Hills: Assessment tool with what matters most about mobility
  31. Glacier Hills: Workflow, PT referral to wellness center, education
  32. St. Alphonsus: Timed Get Up and Go assessment
  33. St. Mary Mercy: Matter of balance, check your risk for falling (CDC) plus meds
  34. St. Mary Mercy: Story book, shorts, What Matters document, thank you letters, MOVE (mobility optimizes virtually everything)
  35. Providence: STEADI results at annual wellness visit, patient who has fallen or with specific STEADI score has follow up visit with RN to address risk factors
  36. Providence: Measure mobility with STEADI scores at AWV year-over-year
  37. Providence: Patient who has fallen or with specific STEADI score participate in a shared medical appointment; PharmD reviews med list for high risk meds and recommends deprescribing to PCP
  38. KP: Patient-initiated patient mobilization, MD's provide 1-page prompt with exercises (includes exercises for patients in bed and wheelchair)
  39. Anne Arundel: Mobility/quality tech
  40. Anne Arundel: 6-clicks, refer to PT

How will we reach more older adults and when can health systems get involved?

Illustration showing the number of announcements of opportunity for a set of health systems to join the age-friendly health system initiative has risen since 2017.

Results from prototyping units

Screen shots of different ways prototype unit results have been shown.

What matters protocol

Clinical Steps Content/Intent/Hints Suggested Questions/Steps/Actions:
1. Set Up:
  • Check EMR for any previous conversations--i.e. in LPOC. If there are conversations, verify with patient that information is still relevant.
  • Keep it simple
  • Set up for the conversation to be a success
  • Identify appropriate people to include in conversation
 Consider what will help you have a successful conversation. This includes things such as hearing, language, eye contact, body language, patient history, spiritual beliefs, etc.
2. Invite the patient to the conversation:
  • Explain the reason for the conversation
  • Ask permission
 Taking time to let the patient know why you are asking these questions can help the patient understand why you want to know what is important to them.
This explanation can be personalized for each patient or situation.		 "Our team here at Providence believes that knowing what is important to you will help us better understand how to help you meet your goals. Is it okay if I ask you a few questions?"
 
Open ended questions to consider:
1. What makes you happy?
2. What worries you?
3. Ask the question:
  • Pause, and give time for the patient to think about their answer and respond
  • There is no "right answer" the goal is to learn what is important to the patient
 Please use following questions in the following order:
3. What are your biggest concerns about your health when you think about the future?
4. Summarize + Action Planning:
  • Acknowledge what you heard
  • Confirm understanding
  • Allow for clarification
  • Invite patient to action planning
 4. What steps can we take to help you get there?
5. What else would you like us to know about you? (optional)
Summaries + Action Planning may be something like:
  • You have talked about staying in your home for as long as possible, what can we do to help you to do that?
  • Staying healthy is important to you, where should we start?
  • You said that it is important that your doctors listen to what you have to say, can you give me some example what does that looks like?
  • Making your own decisions is important to you, where should we start?
5. New Steps
  • Invite patient to continue to think about these qustions and share with provider or others on care team as part of an ongoing conversation
  
6. Document:
  • Be mindful of audience
  • Remember viewable by patient and all continuums of care
  • Statement in LPOC is clear, concise and reflective of the patient's values/wishes.
  • If unsure how to document patient started goal consult with another clinican (e.g. PCP or RN).
 EPIC dot phrase -- .pcc

Documentation

Screen shots of Providence St. Joseph Health dataset.

Creating Age-Friendly Health Systems: A National View of Progress

Trend for 2018 showing the number of older adults reached with age-friendly care rising.

Changes to become Age-Friendly system-wide

  • Support front-line teams to adopt 4Ms of Age-Friendly Health system
    • Board and C-suite commitment to AFHS
      • Routine board agenda item
      • Executive compensation incentive
      • Letter of commitment
    • Integration into strategic plan & executive dashboard measures
      • Appears in 2019 strategic plan
      • Resourcing plan for AFHS
      • Primary pt outcome & system quality measures stratified by age
    • Evidence-based clinical changes (4Ms) integrated into front-line clinical practice
      • Develop awareness & skills in 4Ms
      • EHR integration of 4Ms
      • Workflow integration of 4Ms
      • Job role integration of 4Ms
      • Major care pathways include 4Ms
    • Patient, family & caregiver participation in governance and relevant committees
      • Older adult representation in Board committee
      • Older adult, family, caregiver engagement in practices committees & clinical governance
    • Formal partnership with community organizations
      • Clear service navigation partners identified by system
      • Preferred partnerships with social service providers for older adults

Age-Friendly Health System What Really Matters Advisory Committee

  • "Nobody ever asks 'what matters to you?' They ask 'what pain level do you have?' 'What's your problem today?' But what really matters just never came up. That has been a failing. I applaud you for coming forward with this. I think It will really improve the patient experience and their health. And as an older person I am looking forward to it."

What's next?

  • This is our moment. It is time for an Age-Friendly system of care that touches every single older adult in this country.
    • First 5 systems, scaling up across their systems
    • This summer we will launch 4 mini-collaboratives to engage other institutions around the country
    • Formalizing the business case, a "What Matters" starter kit, EHR guidance, policy guidance.

Achieving Measurable Impact with Grantee Partners

  • UCLA Alzheimer's and Dementia Care Program: uses NP dementia care managers to assess health, offer treatment, develop care plans, make referrals to community-based services for patient and family caregiver support.
    • CMMI Health Care Innovation Award (2012), current JAHF grantee preparing for dissemination
    • Model shows1
      • Reductions in:
        • hospitalizations due to ambulatory care sensitive conditions (7/1,000 pts)
        • 30-day readmissions (41/1,000 pts)
        • nursing home placement (25% lower rate)
        • cost ($605 less per pt per quarter)
      • Improvements in:
        • understanding and mgmt of dementia
        • self-care among caregivers
        • access to community-based support
      1. Branand, B., et al. "HCIA Disease-Specific Evaluation: Third Annual Report." NORC, 2017
  • Moving and Scaling Home-Based Primary Care (HBPC): 3-part initiative (data registry, workforce development, payment policy) to improve health for most frail older adults living in the community.
    • Independence at Home demo1:
      • $25 m in Medicare savings in 1st year
      • $3,070 per beneficiary
    • VA HBPC Program2:
      • Reductions in:
        • hospital days (89%)
        • nursing home days (59%)
        • 30-day readmissions (21%)
      • $9,000 savings per veteran
    1. CMS, "Affordable Care Act payment model saves more than $25 million in first performance year," June 2015
    2. Edes, T. et al. (2014), Better access, quality, and cost for clinically complex veterans with home-based primary care J Am Geriatr Soc, 62: 1954-1961
  • Benjamin Rose Institute on Aging & Family Caregiver Alliance: Online Resource to Compare Dementia Caregiving Programs
    • Web-based resource aims to help health and social service organizations compare, select and implement evidence-based programs for dementia caregiving
    • These evidence-based programs for dementia caregiving improve caregiving skills, reduce caregiver stress, mitigate negative affects on physical and emotional health, finances and family relationships.
    • There are approximately 50 evidence-based programs that address the needs of family caregivers of people living with dementia.
  • PACE 2.0 (National PACE Assoc.): Adapting and expanding access to Programs of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly.
    • Model provides all needed preventive, primary, acute and long term care services for nursing home eligible patients
    • PACE participants report being healthier, happier and more independent than counterparts in other care settings1
    • Next phase builds on PACE Innovation Act, will identify:
      • underserved subpopulations currently eligible to enroll
      • new unserved populations, such as younger adults with physical or mental challenges
    1. Leavitt, M., Secretary of Health and Human Services. (2009). Interim report to Congress. The quality and cost of the Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly

April 27, 2018 -- Advisory Council Meeting #28

The meeting was held on Friday, April 27, 2018, in Washington, DC. During the meeting, the Clinical Care Subcommittee took charge of the theme, focusing on advancing consensus on dementia care elements to guide new outcomes measurement. The Council heard speakers in two sessions, one focused on developing consensus about dementia care elements, and the second on models that are informing outcomes measurement. The meeting also included updates on work from the previous meetings, a presentation on the final report from the October 2017 Care Summit, and federal workgroup updates. Material available from this meeting is listed below or at https://aspe.hhs.gov/advisory-council-alzheimers-research-care-and-services-meetings#Apr2018.

Comments and questions, or alerts to broken links, should be sent to napa@hhs.gov.

 

General Information

 

Handouts

  • Main Summit Recommendations -- [HTML Version] [PDF Version]

  • National Research Summit on Care, Services, and Supports for Persons with Dementia and Their Caregivers: Report to the National Advisory Council on Alzheimer's Research, Care, and Services -- [HTML Version] [PDF Version]

 

Presentation Slides

 

Videos

  • Introductions and Updates -- [Video]

  • Clinical Care Agenda Session 1 -- [Video]

  • Public Comments -- [Video]

  • Clinical Care Agenda Session 2 -- [Video]

  • Care Summit Final Report -- [Video]

  • MEETING WRAP-UP: Final Report to the NAPA Advisory Council -- [Video]