U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
A Demographic and Attitudinal Profile of Non-Responders of the Federal Long-Term Care Insurance Program
LifePlans, Inc.
August 2004
This policy brief was prepared under contract between the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Office of Disability, Aging and Long-Term Care Policy (DALTCP) and LifePlans, Inc. For additional information about the study, you may visit the DALTCP home page at http://aspe.hhs.gov/_/office_specific/daltcp.cfm or contact the ASPE Project Officer, Hunter McKay, at HHS/ASPE/DALTCP, Room 424E, H.H. Humphrey Building, 200 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20201. His e-mail address is: Hunter.McKay@hhs.gov.
I. BACKGROUND
One of the more ambitious proposals for encouraging growth in the private insurance market was the passage of the Long Term Care Security Act (Public Law 106-265). This act was passed in the summer of 2000 and was signed into law on September 19th of that year. It authorized the U.S. Office of Personnel Management (OPM) to contract for a long-term care (LTC) insurance program for federal employees. Medically underwritten coverage was made available to active federal employees and annuitants (civilian retirees), as well as active and retired members of the uniformed services. It was also made available to 'other qualified relatives,' who would include current spouses of employees and annuitants, including surviving spouses of members and retired members of the uniformed services who are receiving a survivor annuity, adult children of living employees and annuitants, and parents, parents-in-law, and stepparents of living active employees. Because this coverage is medically underwritten, certain medical conditions prevented some people from being approved for coverage. OPM expected that, like the health and life insurance programs it administers, the Federal Long-Term Care Insurance Program (FLTCIP) would become the largest employer-sponsored LTC insurance program in the nation.
Naturally it was expected that implementation of the program would spur additional interest and growth in the market. The program began in earnest in July of 2002, which constituted the beginning of the open enrollment period. The carriers underwriting the program -- John Hancock and MetLife -- formed a joint venture called Long Term Care Partners, LLC, which is devoted exclusively to administering the Program.
Long Term Care Partners conducted one of the largest LTC educational campaigns ever. More than one million people requested enrollment kits. As of August 2003, 273,000 applications had been received. About 64% of enrollees were active employees and spouses, 31% annuitants and their spouses, and another 5% surviving spouses, parents/in-laws and adult children. Thus, in relatively short order, the FLTCIP became the largest group programs in the United States. In part this was due to the significant marketing and enrollment activities including more than 2,100 educational meetings, briefings to human resources staff and outreach programs to affinity groups.
The large number of enrollments affords a unique opportunity to better understand the attitudes and perspectives of both working and retired individuals regarding LTC concerns, the importance of planning, and the role that insurance may (or may not) play in meeting the needs of disabled individuals. An examination of such attitudes can assist policymakers as well as insurers to better understand marketplace opportunities and barriers, and devise strategies to encourage growth in the market.
II. PURPOSE
The purpose of this project is to analyze survey data collected by Long Term Care Partners from members of the federal family regarding the LTC insurance offering available to them. The analysis focuses on the attitudes, opinions and motivations of both active employees and retirees who have enrolled in the program ("buyers"), those who have expressed an interest in the program but chosen not to enroll ("non-buyers"), and those who are members of the federal family but have not enrolled or expressed any interest in doing so ("non-responders"). As part of this project, we also compare the results to available data from other studies of non-federal buyers and non-buyers in both the individual and group markets. In this way we are able to determine the extent to which there are significant differences, which could influence both the marketing and future design of LTC insurance. Finally, we examine specific issues within each of he three sample groups.
This is the third in a series of data briefs based on the information collected for a study of buyers, non-buyers, and non-responders to the FLTCIP. The purpose of this data brief is to analyze survey data collected from individuals who neither responded to the federal offering of LTC insurance, nor enrolled in the program -- that is, "non-responders". The analysis focuses on the attitudes, opinions and motivations of individuals who are active and retired federal employees that did not request an information kit and/or application as of the time the sample was drawn. By sampling this unique group of people, we are able to understand why they did not even express an interest in learning about the FLTCIP. Relevant research questions answered in this brief include but are not limited to the following:
- What are the socio-demographic characteristics of active and retired non-responders?
- What is the attitudinal profile of active and retired non-responders with respect to retirement planning, experience with LTC, attitudes about insurance, and knowledge of risk?
- Were non-responders aware of the FLTCIP?
III. METHOD AND SAMPLE
We used a mail survey to collect information from retired non-responders and an Internet survey to collect information from active non-responders. A "non-responder" was defined as someone who did not request an information kit and application and was not enrolled in the FLTCIP at the time we drew the sample. Between the months of January 2003 and April 2003, roughly 2,000 surveys were mailed out to retired non-responders of the federal program. About 27% of these individuals -- 545 respondents -- returned their surveys. We removed about 10% of these returned surveys because they turned out not to meet the "non-responder" criteria. The link for the Internet survey was emailed to the implementation coordinators for the different federal agencies and they were responsible for distributing it to their employees. Since we could not determine who would get the email, we used certain screener questions designed to properly identify non-responders and allow them to complete the entire survey. Those who did not meet the screener criteria were not allowed to continue with the Internet survey. We received over 6,800 completed Internet surveys from active non-responders. The final analytic sample was comprised of 7,357 respondents -- 6,870 actives and 487 retirees. All identifying information was stripped from the data file so that specific information could not be correlated to a specific individual.1
IV. FINDINGS
A. Demographic Characteristics
Figure 1 summarizes the demographic characteristics of non-responders. Findings indicate that the majority of non-responders are married, male, college educated, although retired non-responders seem to be less educated. Not surprisingly, the "active" non-responders have significantly higher incomes, but slightly lower assets than the retired non-responders.2 The average age of active federal non-responders is 46 whereas for retired federal non-responder the average age is 67.
| Figure 1: Demographic Characteristics of Non-Responders |
 |
| Source: Analysis of Non-Responder Data from the FLTCIP, 2003. |
B. Attitudes and Opinions about Retirement Planning and LTC
Interestingly, most non-responders seem to understand the importance of planning for retirement and for LTC needs (see Figure 2 below). Over two-thirds of active non-responders indicated that they have done retirement planning and about 60% have at least a general idea of how much they need to save in order to live comfortably in retirement. Similarly, 58% of retired non-buyers had done retirement planning and two-thirds had at least some idea of how much they needed in order to live comfortably during retirement. This group is fairly confident that they will or do have enough money to live comfortably in retirement. Nearly three-quarters of active non-responders and two-thirds of retired non-responders were at least somewhat confident about this. One factor that could contribute to the confidence of this group is that about half of both active and retired non-responders had given some thought to paying for LTC expenses. Also of interest, is that three-quarters of active non-responders and 78% of retired agreed that it was important to plan now for the possibility of needing long term care in the future and over three-quarters of both samples agreed that it is important to avoid using their own income and savings to pay for LTC. The overall picture of non-responders is that they understand the importance of planning for retirement and LTC and they are thinking about how to pay for LTC should the need arise. This would suggest that, preparing for retirement and potential LTC is definitely on their minds; however, given that this group did not request an application or information about the FLTCIP they appear to have not yet made the connection between their attitudes and concerns and the insurance offered under the FLTCIP.
| Figure 2: Attitudes and Opinions About LTC and Retirement Planning |
 |
| Source: Analysis of Non-Responder Data from the FLTCIP, 2003. |
This information begs the question: So why did not this group enroll in the FLTCIP or at least request an information kit and application. One obvious place to look is their awareness of the FLTCIP. Figure 3 shows that a startling 68% of retired non-responders indicated that they were not even aware that the Federal Government was sponsoring a LTC insurance program. It is clear that the awareness campaign was much more effective among active employees.
| Figure 3: Percent of Non-Responders Who were Not Aware of the FLTCIP |
 |
| Source: Analysis of Non-Responder Data from the FLTCIP, 2003. |
Another reason that non-responders did not request information is that they believe they will pay for their LTC needs by some other means.3 Since the introduction of LTC insurance, agents, financial planners and insurers have been trying to educate people about how LTC services are paid for. Significant effort has been put forth to educate people in this regard. We asked non-responders of the FLTCIP how they plan to pay for the cost of LTC, should the need arise. Figure 4 shows that only a small percentage of non-responders believe that Medicaid will pay for LTC costs. A somewhat high percentage (36% for active and 37% for retired) believe (erroneously) that they can use other insurance (i.e., their own health insurance or retiree health plan or Medicare supplement insurance) to pay for LTC. Retirees seem to have a better understanding that they would most likely have to use their own income to pay for any needed LTC, whereas almost one-third of the active non-responders said they just did not know how they would cover the costs.
| Figure 4: How Non-Responders Would Pay for the Costs of LTC if Needed |
 |
| Source: Analysis of Non-Responder Data from the FLTCIP, 2003. |
Another possible reason that this group might not have enrolled in the FLTCIP or requested information even though they believe that it is important to their retirement planning is that they are unsure about the insurance in general. In fact, this seems to be the case. A majority of both samples disagreed with the statement that LTC insurance programs sold today are adequate for services that might be needed in the future -- 66% of actives and 76% of retired.
C. Experience with LTC
It is said that experience is the best teacher. Many of those who advocate planning for LTC have had some experience either caring for and/or arranging for care of a loved one, or paying for care. Non-responders were asked if they had any of several experiences with LTC. About half of actives and 45% of retired indicated that they had a parent who needed LTC and 22% of actives and 31% of retired non-responders had been a caregiver to an elderly relative or friend at some point. In terms of financial risk exposure, about three out of seven non-responders indicated that they knew someone who had to use most of their savings and/or assets to pay for LTC.
D. Awareness of and Experience with LTC Insurance
Although reported above that a large proportion of retired non-responders were not aware that the Federal Government was offering a LTC insurance program, it seems that in general, both samples had at least an awareness of the insurance in general. Almost all of the active non-responders (91%) and six out of seven (85%) retired non-responders had heard of LTC insurance and 55% of actives and 41% of the retired sample indicated that they had considered purchasing LTC insurance at some point in the past.
We presented non-responders with a series of statements about LTC insurance and asked them if they agreed or disagreed with them. Figure 5 shows the percentages of those who agreed or strongly agreed with each statement. For the most part, non-responders have not ruled out the possibility of purchasing LTC insurance (86% of actives and 74% of retired disagree that they will never purchase LTC insurance), but agree that there are obstacles. The majority of both active and retired non-responders agreed with the statement that " they would purchase LTC insurance now, but that there were too many competing demands on their money (68% and 73% respectively) and/or they were unsure they could make good decisions about it (49% and 53% respectively)." It is clear from their responses that a majority of these non-responders may be classified as "potential buyers" who are weighing their options and actively engaged in at least thinking about issues related to LTC and LTC insurance. Figure 5 also shows that the majority of non-responders seem to be somewhat skeptical about the adequacy of LTC insurance policies sold in today's market. Taken together, this picture would suggest that future marketing efforts with this group would do well to focus on boosting confidence in policy designs.
| Figure 5: Opinions about LTC Insurance |
 |
| Source: Analysis of Non-Responder Data from the FLTCIP, 2003. |
V. CONCLUSIONS
As these findings indicate, the non-responders of the FLTCIP are well educated about the need for retirement and LTC planning. The majority seems to understand that they will have to bear at least some, if not most, of the financial responsibility of any LTC they might need. For this group the biggest barrier to purchase was cost, but there also seemed to be some concerns about deciding which policy to choose and whether their choice would even be adequate for when they might need services in the future. The majority of the retired sample was not aware of the FLTCIP offering. Therefore, perhaps improving communication with the retired Federal family members and focusing on boosting confidence about the plan choices could result in encouraging more of these members of the federal family to make the connection between their attitudes and opinions and enrolling in the FLTCIP.
NOTES
-
It is important to note that this sample of non-responders is a convenience sample and cannot be generalized to the population of federal family members. There is no way to calculate response rates or to determine how many active employees received the link to the survey from their implementation coordinators.
-
An "Active" is defined as an individual still working as a federal employee.
-
A small percentage of non-responders indicated that they have LTC insurance with another company (4% of actives and 9% of retired) and these were removed from analyses regarding LTC and insurance.
APPENDIX
Notes for Tables
Unless otherwise indicated, the analysis of the data is based on the responses of 6,870 active and 487 retired non-responders.
All significance tests are based on 5% level or better. Notations for significance are as follows: If one category out of three contains the symbol (*), then the category starred is statistically different from each of the other two categories, but the non-starred categories are not different from each other. If two categories out of the three contain the symbol (*), then those two categories are statistically different from each other, but each of those categories is not statistically different from the third one. If all three categories contain the symbol (*), then all three are statistically different from each other.
Unless otherwise specified, only the response category that has a notation of significance was tested against all other categories. In some cases, it was determined that a combination of categories would be tested. These are indicated in the footnotes. It also may be the case that if categories were or were not combined, it could change the results of the test of significance.
Unless otherwise indicated, only the first response category (i.e., strongly agree, very important, very likely, etc.) or the yes response was tested. Therefore, if there are no notations for significance, the test was not significant at the 5% level.
| TABLE A-1: Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Active and Retired Non-Buyers | ||
| Socio-Demographic Characteristics | Active Non-Responders | Retired Non-Responders |
| Average age | 46 | 67 |
| Less than 50 | 56% | 11% |
| 50 to 54 | 22 | 7 |
| 55 to 59 | 15 | 10 |
| 60 to 64 | 5 | 12 |
| 65 and over | 2 | 60 |
| Gender | ||
| Male | 50 | 75 |
| Female | 50 | 25 |
| Marital status | ||
| Never Married | 14 | 4 |
| Married | 68 | 69 |
| Divorced/separated | 14 | 9 |
| Widowed | 2 | 17 |
| Domestic Partner | 2 | 1 |
| Presence of children living within 25 miles | ||
| Yes | 54 | 57 |
| No | 46 | 43 |
| Education level | ||
| Less than high school graduate | 0 | 5 |
| High school graduate | 9 | 24 |
| Technical/trade/business school | 5 | 9 |
| Some college | 29 | 29 |
| College graduate | 36 | 21 |
| Graduate degree | 21 | 12 |
| Average income1 | $79,443 | $49,227 |
| Less than $15,000 | 0 | 6 |
| $15,000 to $24,999 | 1 | 14 |
| $25,000 to $34,999 | 4 | 16 |
| $35,000 to $39,999 | 5 | 12 |
| $40,000 to $49,999 | 8 | 13 |
| $50,000 to $59,999 | 10 | 14 |
| $60,000 to $69,999 | 11 | 5 |
| $70,000 to $74,999 | 9 | 4 |
| $75,000 to $99,999 | 23 | 7 |
| $100,000 to $124,999 | 15 | 4 |
| $125,000 or more | 14 | 5 |
| Average liquid assets1 | $135,359 | $138,520 |
| Less than $10,000 | 22 | 23 |
| $10,000 to $19,999 | 10 | 9 |
| $20,000 to $29,999 | 9 | 8 |
| $30,000 to $49,999 | 14 | 12 |
| $50,000 to $74,999 | 10 | 9 |
| $75,000 to $99,999 | 6 | 7 |
| $100,000 to $124,999 | 6 | 7 |
| $125,000 to $149,999 | 3 | 3 |
| $150,000 to $199,999 | 5 | 5 |
| $200,000 to $249,999 | 4 | 5 |
| $250,000 and above | 11 | 12 |
| Home ownership | ||
| Yes | 80 | 83 |
| No | 20 | 17 |
| ||
| TABLE A-2: Attitudes and Opinions About Retirement Planning and Long-Term Care Among Active and Retired Non-Responders | ||
| Attitudes and Opinions | Active Non-Responders | Retired Non-Responders |
| Done retirement planing | ||
| Yes | 69% | 58% |
| No | 31 | 42 |
| Determnied how much to save to live comforably in retirement | ||
| Yes, a definite sense | 13 | 14 |
| Yes, a general sense | 47 | 52 |
| No | 38 | 34 |
| Do not plan to retire | 2 | |
| Confident that there is enough money to live comfortably in retirement | ||
| Very confident | 13 | 16 |
| Somewhat confident | 58 | 49 |
| Not very confident | 20 | 23 |
| Not at all confident | 8 | 12 |
| Do not plan to retire | 1 | |
| Standard of living during retirement: | ||
| Better than during working years | 10 | 14 |
| Same as working years | 64 | 58 |
| Worse than during working | 24 | 28 |
| Do not plan to retire | 2 | |
| Thought given to paying for LTC expenses | ||
| A great deal | 9 | 13 |
| Some | 43 | 40 |
| Not much thought | 36 | 31 |
| No thought at all | 12 | 16 |
| How important is LTC insurance to retirement planning | ||
| Very important | 13 | 15 |
| Somewhat important | 43 | 39 |
| Not very important | 27 | 22 |
| Not at all important | 6 | 9 |
| Have not started planning | 11 | 15 |
| I worry how to pay for LTC1 | ||
| Strongly agree | 10 | 19 |
| Agree | 39 | 42 |
| Disagree | 40 | 31 |
| Strongly disagree | 11 | 8 |
| It is important to plan now for the possibility of needing LTC services in the future | ||
| Strongly agree | 15 | 21 |
| Agree | 59 | 57 |
| Disagree | 22 | 18 |
| Strongly disagree | 4 | 4 |
| LTC insurance programs sold today will cover the cost of LTC services needed in the future | ||
| Strongly agree | 2 | 1 |
| Agree | 32 | 23 |
| Disagree | 52 | 58 |
| Strongly disagree | 14 | 18 |
| How would LTC costs be paid1 | ||
| Medicaid | 2 | 3 |
| Medicare | 12 | 17 |
| Medigap Supplement Policy | 1 | 1 |
| Own health insurance or retiree health care plan | 35 | 36 |
| Own income | 15 | 24 |
| Children will help pay | 1 | 0 |
| Other | 3 | 4 |
| LTC insurance | 1 | 0 |
| Don't know2 | 30 | 15 |
| ||
| TABLE A-3: Experience with LTC Among Active and Retired Non-Responders | ||
| Experiences with LTC | Active Non-Responders | Retired Non-Responders |
| Respondent needed LTC | ||
| Yes | 1% | 3% |
| No | 99 | 97 |
| Spouse needed LTC | ||
| Yes | 1 | 3 |
| No | 99 | 97 |
| Parent needed LTC | ||
| Yes | 49 | 45 |
| No | 51 | 55 |
| Close friend needed LTC | ||
| Yes | 7 | 10 |
| No | 93 | 90 |
| The respondent has been a caregiver | ||
| Yes | 22 | 31 |
| No | 78 | 69 |
| The respondent knew someone who has used most of his/her assets to pay for LTC | ||
| Yes | 42 | 46 |
| No | 58 | 54 |
| The respondent has experienced financial hardship as a result of caring for an elderly relative | ||
| Yes | 7 | 10 |
| No | 93 | 90 |
| The respondent knew someone who has experienced financial hardship as a result of caring for an elderly relative | ||
| Yes | 34 | 40 |
| No | 66 | 60 |
| TABLE A-4: Self-Assessed Risk of Needing LTC Among Active and Retired Non-Responders | ||
| Experiences with LTC | Active Non-Responders | Retired Non-Responders |
| How likely is it that: | ||
| a) the respondent thinks he/she will need help with everyday activities like bathing and dressing | ||
| Very likely | 6% | 13% |
| Likely | 12 | 12 |
| Somewhat likely | 33 | 36 |
| Not very likely | 34 | 27 |
| Not at all likely | 15 | 12 |
| b) the respondent thinks he/she will need home care services for more than three months | ||
| Very likely | 6 | 12 |
| Likely | 13 | 14 |
| Somewhat likely | 33 | 33 |
| Not very likely | 34 | 29 |
| Not at all likely | 14 | 12 |
| c) the respondent thinks he/she will need nursing home care for more than three months | ||
| Very likely | 6 | 10 |
| Likely | 12 | 11 |
| Somewhat likely | 31 | 32 |
| Not very likely | 35 | 31 |
| Not at all likely | 16 | 16 |
| d) the respondent thinks he/she will need care provided in an assisted living facility for more than three months | ||
| Very likely | 7 | 11 |
| Likely | 14 | 13 |
| Somewhat likely | 32 | 34 |
| Not very likely | 31 | 29 |
| Not at all likely | 16 | 13 |
| TABLE A-5: Beliefs About LTC Among Active Retired Non-Responders | ||
| Experiences with LTC | Active Non-Responders | Retired Non-Responders |
| It is important to avoid using own income and savings to pay for LTC | ||
| Strongly agree | 27% | 34% |
| Agree | 50 | 43 |
| Disagree | 19 | 20 |
| Strongly disagree | 4 | 3 |
| It is important to choose the place where to receive care | ||
| Strongly agree | 33 | 41 |
| Agree | 55 | 50 |
| Disagree | 9 | 6 |
| Strongly disagree | 3 | 3 |
| There are public programs that will pay the cost of LTC | ||
| Strongly agree | 4 | 6 |
| Agree | 29 | 33 |
| Disagree | 53 | 47 |
| Strongly disagree | 14 | 14 |
| TABLE A-6: Awareness of LTC Insurance Among Active and Retired Non-Responders | ||
| Awareness of LTC Insurance | Active Non-Responders | Retired Non-Responders |
| Have you ever heard of LTC insurance | ||
| Yes | 91%* | 85% |
| No | 9 | 15 |
| Do you know someone who has LTC insurance | ||
| Yes | 30 | 33 |
| No | 70 | 67 |
| Have you ever considered buy LTC insurance | ||
| Yes | 55* | 41 |
| No | 45 | 59 |
| How strongly do you agree with the statement that you will never purchase LTC insurance | ||
| Strongly agree | 3* | 7 |
| Agree | 11 | 19 |
| Disagree | 63 | 52 |
| Strongly disagree | 23 | 22 |
| TABLE A-7: Opinions about LTC Insurance Among Active and Retired Non-Responders | ||
| Opinions about LTC Insurance | Active Non-Responders | Retired Non-Responders |
| Do you currently have LTC insurance | ||
| Yes | 4% | 9% |
| No | 96 | 91 |
| Did you buy your LTC insurance after you heard about the FLTCIP1 | ||
| Yes | 9 | 2 |
| No | 72 | 31 |
| I did not know about the FLTCIP | 19 | 67 |
| I would buy LTC insurance now but there are competing demand on my money | ||
| Strongly agree | 24 | 24 |
| Agree | 44 | 49 |
| Disagree | 27 | 22 |
| Strongly disagree | 5 | 5 |
| I would buy LTC insurance now but I am unsure that I can make good decisions about it | ||
| Strongly agree | 10 | 9 |
| Agree | 39 | 44 |
| Disagree | 41 | 34 |
| Strongly disagree | 10 | 13 |
| Insurance companies sell adequate coverage for LTC services | ||
| Strongly agree | 4 | 2 |
| Agree | 40 | 32 |
| Disagree | 43 | 52 |
| Strongly disagree | 13 | 14 |
| ||
| TABLE A-8: Awareness about the Federal Program Among Active and Retired Non-Responders | ||
| Awareness about the Federal Program | Active Non-Responders | Retired Non-Responders |
| Are you aware that the Federal Government is sponsoring a LTC insurance program | ||
| Yes | 82%* | 32% |
| No | 18 | 68 |
| Request an information kit and application1 | ||
| Yes, and received one | 90 | 83 |
| Yes, and did not receive one | 10 | 17 |
| ||
| TABLE A-9: Exposure to Promotional Activities Among Active and Retired Non-Responders Promotional Activities Active Non-Responders Retired Non-Responders | ||
| Promotional Activities | Active Non-Responders | Retired Non-Responders |
| Did you do any of the following: | ||
| a) Talk to colleagues about the federal program1 | ||
| Did not talk to colleagues | 61% | 93% |
| Did talk to colleagues | 39 | 7 |
| Found it to be helpful | 57 | 69 |
| Did not find it to be helpful | 43 | 31 |
| b) Talk to human resource representative1 | ||
| Did not talk to human resource representative | 88 | 97 |
| Did talk to human resource representative | 12 | 3 |
| Found it to be helpful | 67 | 67 |
| Did not find it to be helpful | 33 | 33 |
| c) Read "Get Smart About Your Future"1 | ||
| Did not read "Get Smart About Your Future" | 58 | 76 |
| Did not know about "Get Smart About Your Future" | 11 | 12 |
| Did read "Get Smart About Your Future" | 31 | 12 |
| Found it t be helpful | 75 | 75 |
| Did not find it to be helpful | 25 | 25 |
| d) Read advertisements1 | ||
| Did not read advertisements | 50 | 70 |
| Did not know about advertisements | 7 | 10 |
| Did read advertisements | 43 | 20 |
| Found them to be helpful | 69 | 76 |
| Did not find them to be helpful | 31 | 24 |
| e) Visit websites describing the federal program1 | ||
| Did not visit websites describing the federal program | 54 | 86 |
| Did not know about the websites describing the federal program | 6 | 10 |
| Did visit websites describing the federal program | 40 | 4 |
| Found them to be helpful | 77 | 90 |
| Did not find them to be helpful | 23 | 10 |
| f) Read banner ads1 | ||
| Did not read banner ads | 72 | 89 |
| Did not know about the banner ads | 9 | 8 |
| Did read banner ads | 19 | 3 |
| Found them to be helpful | 57 | 63 |
| Did not find them to be helpful | 43 | 37 |
| g) Read newspaper article1 | ||
| Did not read newspaper articles | 64 | 70 |
| Did not know about the newspaper articles | 8 | 8 |
| Did read newspaper articles | 28 | 22 |
| Found them to be helpful | 71 | 67 |
| Did not find them to be helpful | 29 | 33 |
| h) Read general brochures1 | ||
| Did not read general brochures | 42 | 64 |
| Did not know about the general brochures | 4 | 11 |
| Did read general brochures | 54 | 25 |
| Found them to be helpful | 74 | 83 |
| Did not find them to be helpful | 26 | 17 |
| i) Call toll-free number 1 | ||
| Did not call a toll-free number | 85 | 88 |
| Did not know about the toll-free number | 10 | 10 |
| Did call a toll-free number | 5 | 2 |
| Found it to be helpful | 66 | 75 |
| Did not find it to be helpful | 34 | 25 |
| ||
A total of nine Policy Briefs are available from the Office of Disability, Aging and Long-Term Care on this subject:
- A Comparison of Demographic and Attitudinal Characteristics Among Active and Retired Buyers, Non-Buyers and Non-Responders to the Federal Long-Term Care Insurance Program [http://aspe.hhs.gov/daltcp/reports/charcom.htm] Posted June 2005
- A Comparative Analysis of the Socio-Demographic and Attitudinal Characteristics of Active Buyers and Non-Buyers of Long-Term Care Insurance in the Federal, Private and Public Sectors [http://aspe.hhs.gov/daltcp/reports/LTCIchar.htm] Posted February 2006
- A Demographic and Attitudinal Profile of Buyers of the Federal Long-Term Care Insurance Program [http://aspe.hhs.gov/daltcp/reports/buyprof.htm] Posted June 2005
- A Demographic and Attitudinal Profile of Non-Buyers of the Federal Long-Term Care Insurance Program [http://aspe.hhs.gov/daltcp/reports/nonbuyprof.htm] Posted September 2005
- A Demographic and Attitudinal Profile of Non-Responders of the Federal Long-Term Care Insurance Program [http://aspe.hhs.gov/daltcp/reports/nonresprof.htm] Posted September 2005
- Does Geographic Location Make a Difference? A Comparative Analysis of the Socio-Demographic and Attitudinal Characteristics of Active Buyers and Non-Buyers of the Federal Long-Term Care Insurance Program [http://aspe.hhs.gov/daltcp/reports/FLTCIloc.htm] Posted February 2006
- Marketing Activities: A Comparative Analysis of Engagement and Participation Among Buyers, Non-Buyers and Non-Responders of the Federal Long-Term Care Insurance Program [http://aspe.hhs.gov/daltcp/reports/markact.htm] Posted July 2005
- Multivariate Analysis of Buyers and Non-Buyers of the Federal Long-Term Care Insurance Program [http://aspe.hhs.gov/daltcp/reports/FLTCIanal.htm] Posted September 2005
- What We Know About Buyers and Non-Buyers of Private Long-Term Care Insurance: A Review of Studies [http://aspe.hhs.gov/daltcp/reports/LTCIlr.htm] Posted September 2005