Uninsured & Underinsured

This report highlights the impacts of the Affordable Care Act's Marketplace subsidies on coverage rates among self-employed adults and small business owners, based on tax data from the Department of Treasury and national survey data.

This report examines recently-released 2021 National Health Interview Survey data to assess coverage changes during the pandemic, finding a decrease in the uninsured rate in 2021 for the population as a whole and by race, ethnicity, and income.

In response to the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services provided a 2021 Special Enrollment Period (SEP) from February 15 to August 15, 2021. Understanding the sociodemographic composition of Marketplace enrollees allows for better targeted outreach and enrollment assistance. However, many enrollees do not report their race and ethnicity.

The American Rescue Plan (ARP) includes two key provisions that expand and increase premium tax credit benefits for Marketplace consumers, improving affordability of coverage for millions. Under current law, these provisions will sunset in 2023 if they are not extended, resulting in higher out-of-pocket costs for enrollees and an increase in the number of uninsured.

This brief provides an overview of the important role the Affordable Care Act (ACA) has had on increasing access to comprehensive coverage among women. Over 10 million adult women (19-64) gained coverage between 2010 and 2019, as did over 7 million women of reproductive age (15-44). Despite the ACA’s coverage gains, approximately 7.9 million women of reproductive age remain uninsured.

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) was signed into law on March 23, 2010. Since then, the law has led to an historic expansion of health insurance coverage across all states and all demographic groups within the U.S. This Briefing Book features key findings from two dozen reports published in 2021-2022.

This issue brief analyzes changes in health insurance coverage and examines trends in access to care among Black Americans using data from 2011-2020. This Issue Brief is part of a series of ASPE reports examining the change in coverage rates and access to care after implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) among different racial and ethnic populations.

This Data Point presents updated estimates of potential Medicaid eligibility among uninsured, non-elderly adults in states that have not expanded Medicaid coverage to adults with incomes up to 138% of the federal poverty level as of 2022. This analysis updates a previous Data Point by accounting for Medicaid expansion in two states, Missouri and Oklahoma, in 2021.

The National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) provides annual and quarterly data on health insurance coverage by insurance type, age, and income.

This report provides an overview of the characteristics of the immigrant population in the United States, their health status and barriers to care, recent trends in health insurance coverage, their access to Federal health programs, and how they have been affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. It also offers possible policy approaches to improve health care equity for this diverse population.