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Do Mandatory Welfare-to-Work Programs Affect the Well-Being of Children?
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Prepared for:
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Administration for Children and Families
Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and EvaluationU.S. Department of Education
Office of the Under Secretary
Office of Vocational and Adult EducationPrepared by:
Gayle Hamilton
with
Stephen Freedman
Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation
and
Sharon M. McGroder
Child TrendsThis document was prepared as part of the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies (NEWWS). The Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation (MDRC) is conducting the NEWWS Evaluation under a contract with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), funded by HHS under a competitive award, Contract No. HHS-100-89-0030. Child Trends, as a subcontractor, is conducting the analyses of outcomes for young children (the Child Outcomes Study). HHS is also receiving funding for the evaluation from the U.S. Department of Education. The study of one of the sites in the evaluation, Riverside County (California), is also conducted under a contract from the California Department of Social Services (CDSS). CDSS, in turn, is receiving funding from the California State Job Training Coordinating Council, the California Department of Education, HHS, and the Ford Foundation. The findings and conclusions presented herein do not necessarily represent the official positions or policies of the funders.
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Acknowledgments
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Introduction
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Overview of Findings
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How Mandatory Welfare-to-Work Programs Might Affect Children
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Aspects of Child Well-Being Examined in the NEWWS Evaluation
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Characteristics of Adults and Children in the Samples
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Program Implementation
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Impacts on Targeted Outcomes
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Impacts on Nontargeted Outcomes
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Child Impacts
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Conclusion
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Appendix A: Two-Year Child Outcome Measures
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Appendix B: (Table) Impacts on Average Total Welfare Payments Received in Years 1 and 2
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Appendix C: A Comparison of National Samples of Children and Control Group Children Two Years After Study Entry
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Appendix D: (Table) For All Families in the Client Survey Sample: Control Group Child Outcomes and Impacts on Child Outcomes
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References
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Notes
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