Content by Keyword: Welfare Reform/Welfare-to-Work

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Case Management: Do different strategies yield

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. Case Management: Do different strategies yield different results?

As mentioned in the description of the NEWWS programs operated in Columbus, there are two general approaches to welfare case management: traditional and integrated. Although each can be argued to have advantages and disadvantages, some policymakers and program operators have speculated that integrating the roles of income maintenance and employmen
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Income: How can welfare-to-work programs increase

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. Income: How can welfare-to-work programs increase family resources?

The administrators of all the welfare-to-work programs studied in NEWWS hoped that their programs' preemployment services, mandates, and messages would enable welfare recipients eventually to increase their income and move out of poverty, but their relative emphasis on and methods of achieving this goal differed. The education-focused programs emp
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6. Other Lessons

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. 6. Other Lessons

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Children's Well-Being: How might programs

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. Children's Well-Being: How might programs that have mandates and services but leave income unchanged affect children in the long run?

During the two decades before FSA's passage, mothers receiving welfare who had children under age 6 were generally not subject to the participation and work requirements of welfare-to-work programs. With FSA's passage came the advent of mandatory participation in welfare-to-work activities for mothers with young children. Because the new mandate's
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Family Circumstances: Can programs have long-term

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. Family Circumstances: Can programs have long-term spillover effects on family outcomes such as marriage and fertility?

Welfare reform is often seen as a tool that can be used to do much more than raise earnings and reduce dependence on government assistance. FSA, for example, sought to bring about a sea change in people's attitudes toward welfare receipt. Some policymakers believe that reducing welfare use will have positive spillover effects on poor families, suc
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5. Effects on Families and Children

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. 5. Effects on Families and Children

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Endnote

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. Endnote

5   In these sites, the starting of the welfare time-limit clock necessitated allowing control group members to access welfare-to-work program services.
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Education and Training Reconsidered: Can they be

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. Education and Training Reconsidered: Can they be made more effective?

The NEWWS findings should not be taken as a general indictment of the benefits of education and training in welfare-to-work programs.
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Subgroup Findings: Which types of programs work

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. Subgroup Findings: Which types of programs work best for which groups of welfare recipients?

Evaluations of welfare-to-work programs operated before FSA's passage found that the programs were most effective for the moderately disadvantaged and least effective for the most disadvantaged and the least disadvantaged (to learn how these groups were defined in NEWWS, read the first finding below).
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The Most Effective Program: What were its

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. The Most Effective Program: What were its distinguishing features?

As already discussed, the most rigorous findings about the relative effectiveness of different program approaches come from the analyses that directly compare the LFA and HCD programs within each site that operated both types of program. Viewed with appropriate skepticism, however, cross-site comparisons can suggest what other program approaches o
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The LFA Approach Versus the HCD Approach: In head

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. The LFA Approach Versus the HCD Approach: In head-to-head tests, which is more effective?

Compared with the LFA approach, the HCD approach did not produce additional long-run economic benefits.
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Relative Impacts: Which types of programs are

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. Relative Impacts: Which types of programs are generally most effective?

Employment-focused programs generally had larger effects on employment and earnings than did education-focused programs. Figure 6 presents all 11 NEWWS programs' impacts on earnings, that is, the differences between the program and control groups' earnings in each site. As shown, three of the four employment-focused programs produced large
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Net Impacts: How effective are different types of

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. Net Impacts: How effective are different types of welfare-to-work programs?

All 11 NEWWS programs increased single parents' employment and earnings and decreased their welfare receipt and payments relative to the levels found in the programs' absence.
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4. Effects on Economic Outcomes

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. 4. Effects on Economic Outcomes

This section examines the impacts on economic outcomes of the different types of welfare-to-work strategies used by the NEWWS programs. Specifically, it looks at the extent to which the programs improved on what would have happened in their absence; the relative effectiveness of employment-focused and education-focused programs and their variants;
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Endnotes

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. Endnotes

3   See, for example, CLASP Update (Center for Law and Social Policy). 1998. Center for Law and Social Policy. 4   Nonexperimental comparisons are analyses that do not take direct advantage of the random assignment design. Differences found in some comparisons are thus not necessarily indicative of a causal relationship.
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Adult Education: What factors enhance or diminish

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. Adult Education: What factors enhance or diminish its beneficial effects?

The gains in credential receipt and literacy skills that welfare recipients can reap from adult education programs seem to be related to the length of participation in and the quality of such programs.
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Gains in Skills: Do welfare-to-work programs

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. Gains in Skills: Do welfare-to-work programs' investments in education and training result in higher skills?

Welfare-to-work programs that rely on adult basic education programs for the general population are unlikely to improve welfare recipients' basic reading and math skills.
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GED and Other Credential Receipt: Do welfare-to-

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. GED and Other Credential Receipt: Do welfare-to-work programs' investments in education and training result in higher rates of credential attainment?

Welfare-to-work programs can increase the proportion of people who obtain a GED or high school diploma -- particularly among recipients who enter the program with literacy skills at or close to the high school level -- but the overall proportion of people who earn such a credential is likely to be low. Increases in the proportion of people who o
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3. Effects on Education Outcomes

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. 3. Effects on Education Outcomes

The education-focused programs in NEWWS engaged large numbers of people in mandatory education or training classes -- more people than would have enrolled in such classes on their own. The next critical question iswhether higher participation in such classes enabled people in the education-focused programs to acquire the credentials or skills that
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Endnotes

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. Endnotes

1   Throughout this document, ranges are often presented because specific findings differed from site to site.

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Form Approved OMB# 0990-0379 Exp. Date 9/30/2020