Poverty and Income Dynamics

Indicators of Welfare Dependence: Annual Report to Congress, 2003. Table SSI 6. Characteristics of SSI Recipients, by Age, Sex, Earnings/Income, and Citizenship: Selected Years, 1980-2001

1980 1985 1990 1992 1994 1997 2000 2001 Note: Data are for December of the year. 1 For 1980-1992 male-female classification reflects all blind and disabled, both children and adults; thereafter, it is based on adults only.

Indicators of Welfare Dependence: Annual Report to Congress, 2003. Table SSI 5. Number of Persons Receiving SSI Payments by Type of Payment, 1974 – 2001 (in thousands)

Date Total Federal State Supplementation Total Federally Administered State Administered

Indicators of Welfare Dependence: Annual Report to Congress, 2003. Table SSI 4. Average Monthly SSI Benefit Payments, 1974 – 2001

Calendar Year Total 1 Federal Payments State Supplementation 2001 Dollars Current Dollars Total Federally Administered State Administered

Indicators of Welfare Dependence: Annual Report to Congress, 2003. Table SSI 3. Total, Federal, and State SSI Benefits and Administration, 1974 – 2000 1 [In millions of dollars]

Calendar Year Total Benefits Federal Payments State Supplementation Administrative Costs (fiscal year) 2001 1 Dollars Current Dollars Total Federally Administered State Administered

Indicators of Welfare Dependence: Annual Report to Congress, 2003. Table SSI 2. SSI Recipiency Rates, 1974 – 2001 [In percent]

Date All Recipientsas a Percent of Total Population 1 Adults 18-64 as a Percent of 18-64 Population 1 Child Recipients as a Percent of All Children 1 Elderly Recipients (Persons 65 & Older) as a Percent of All Persons 65 & Older 1

Indicators of Welfare Dependence: Annual Report to Congress, 2003. Table SSI 1. Number of Persons Receiving Federally Administered SSI Payments 1974 – 2001 [In thousands]

Date Total Eligibility Category Type of Recipient Aged Blind and Disabled Children Adults Age 18-64 65 or Older Total

Indicators of Welfare Dependence: Annual Report to Congress, 2003. Figure SSI 1. SSI Recipients by Age, 1974 – 2001

Source: Social Security Administration, Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, (Data available online at http://www.ssa.gov/statistics/ores_home.html).

Indicators of Welfare Dependence: Annual Report to Congress, 2003. SSI Program Data

The following tables and figures provide SSI program data:

Indicators of Welfare Dependence: Annual Report to Congress, 2003. Legislative Changes

Several legislative changes made in the 104th Congress are likely to affect SSI participation and expenditures. Public Law 104-121, the Contract with America Advancement Act of 1996, prohibits SSI eligibility to individuals whose drug addiction and/or alcoholism (DAA) is a contributing factor material to the finding of disability. This provision a

Indicators of Welfare Dependence: Annual Report to Congress, 2003. Supplemental Security Income

The Supplemental Security Income (SSI) Program is a means-tested, federally administered income assistance program authorized by title XVI of the Social Security Act. Established in 1972 (Public Law 92-603) and begun in 1974, SSI provides monthly cash payments in accordance with uniform, nationwide eligibility requirements to needy aged, blind and

Indicators of Welfare Dependence: Annual Report to Congress, 2003. Table FSP 6.Food Stamp Recipiency Rates by State, Selected Fiscal Years [In percent]

Percent Change 1975 1980 1985 1989 1994 1997 2000 2001 1989-94 1994-01

Indicators of Welfare Dependence: Annual Report to Congress, 2003. Table FSP 5. Average Number of Food Stamp Recipients by State, Selected Fiscal Years [In thousands]

Percent Change Fiscal Year 1975 1980 1985 1989 1994 1997 2000 2001 1989-94 1994-01

Indicators of Welfare Dependence: Annual Report to Congress, 2003. Table FSP 4. Value of Food Stamps Issued by State, Selected Fiscal Years 1975 – 2001 [Millions of dollars]

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 1998 2000 2001 Source: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service, unpublished data from the Food Stamp National Data Bank. Alabama $108 $246 $318

Indicators of Welfare Dependence: Annual Report to Congress, 2003. Table FSP 3. Characteristics of Food Stamp Households, 1980 - 2001 [In percent]

Year 1 1980 1984 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2001 1 Data were gathered in August in the years 1980-84 and during the summer in the years from 1986 to 1994. Reports from 1995 to the present are based on fiscal year averages.

Indicators of Welfare Dependence: Annual Report to Congress, 2003. Table FSP 2. Trends in Food Stamp Expenditures, Selected Years 1975 – 2001

Total Federal Cost (Benefits + Administration) Benefits 2 (Federal) [In millions] Administration 1 Total Program Cost [In millions] Average Monthly Benefit per Person Fiscal Year Current Dollars [In millions]

Indicators of Welfare Dependence: Annual Report to Congress, 2003. Table FSP 1. Trends in Food Stamp Caseloads, Selected Years 1962 – 2001

Food Stamp Participants 1 Participants as a Percent of: Child Participants As a Percent of: Fiscal Year Including 2 Territories (in thousands) Excluding Territories (in thousands) Children Excld. Terr. (in thousands) Total Population 3 All Poor Persons 3

Indicators of Welfare Dependence: Annual Report to Congress, 2003. Figure FSP 1. Persons Receiving Food Stamps

Note: Shaded areas are periods of recession as defined by the National Bureau of Economic Research. Sources: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service, National Data Bank.

Indicators of Welfare Dependence: Annual Report to Congress, 2003. Food Stamp Household Characteristics.

As shown in Table FSP 3, the proportion of food stamp households with earnings has increased, from about 20 percent for most of the 1980s and early 1990s, to 27 percent in 2001. At the same time, the proportion of households with income from AFDC/TANF has declined, from 42 percent in 1984 to 23 percent in 2001, following the dramatic decline in AF

Indicators of Welfare Dependence: Annual Report to Congress, 2003. Food Stamp Caseload Trends

Food Stamp Caseload Trends (Tables FSP 1-2). Average monthly food stamp participation in 2001 (including participants in Puerto Rico’s block grant) was 18.4 million persons. This represents a slight increase over the 2000 record-low average. Average monthly participation fell from its peak of 28.9 million in an average month in 1994 to an aver

Indicators of Welfare Dependence: Annual Report to Congress, 2003. Food Stamp Program Data

The following six tables and accompanying figure provide information about the Food Stamp Program, including information about the Nutrition Assistance Program in Puerto Rico: Tables FSP 1-2 and Figure FSP 1 present national caseload and expenditure trend data on the Food Stamp Program, as discussed below; Table FSP 3 presents some demographi

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