Content by Keyword: Low-Income Workers/Low-Wage Labor Market

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Employment and Wages in the Child Care Industry:

Employment and Wages in the Child Care Industry: Insight from the Great Recession

The COVID-19 pandemic is forcing child care providers across the country to close. Between February and April 2020, employment in the child care industry dropped by about one third, losing 360,000 jobs. We do not yet know how this will affect the longer-term economic health of this sector. This has implications for the supply, quality, and price
  • Employment in the Child Care Industry
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Supporting Employment Among Lower-Income Mothers

Supporting Employment Among Lower-Income Mothers: Attachment to Work After Childbirth

This is the first of two briefs about a qualitative study examining lower-income mothers' attachment to work around the time of childbirth and the role of state paid family leave (PFL) programs in supporting their return to employment. Seventy-five mothers who used PFL participated in the study. Over two-thirds returned to work, citing their need
  • PFL-WA_APPENDIX_A.pdf
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  • PFL-WA_APPENDIX_B.pdf
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  • WorkAttachment.pdf
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Supporting Employment Among Lower-Income Mothers

Supporting Employment Among Lower-Income Mothers: The Role of Paid Family Leave

This is the second of two ASPE briefs about a qualitative study of lower-income mothers' attachment to work around childbirth and the role of state paid family leave (PFL) programs. The mothers, especially those with the fewest family resources, described PFL as supporting their return to employment, providing them with subsidized time to prepare
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Independent Contractors and Nontraditional

Independent Contractors and Nontraditional Workers: Implications for the Child Support Program

For child support programs, the emergence of the gig economy presents a new dimension to the longstanding challenge of establishing and enforcing child support orders for noncustodial parents working outside traditional salaried employment – in jobs that are often temporary, part-time, and contingent. Infographic Infographic Text Versi
  • IndependentWorkersChildSupportProgram.pdf
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  • IndependentWorkersInfographic.pdf
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  • IndependentWorkersInfographicText.pdf
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Rural Research Needs and Data Sources for

Rural Research Needs and Data Sources for Selected Human Services Topics

Prepared by: Mathematica Policy Research, Inc.   Contents Research Summary (in PDF format )
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Exploring the Relationship Between Paid Family

Exploring the Relationship Between Paid Family Leave and the Well-being of Low-Income Families: Lessons from California

This research report presents the results of a mixed-methods study that drew on California state administrative data and findings from focus groups with low-income working mothers to 1) explore how lower-income parents interact with California's PFL program and 2) better understand the relationship between PFL and key elements of family well-b
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Selected Publications From This Evaluation

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. Selected Publications From This Evaluation

Moving People from Welfare to Work: Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies . Prepared by Gayle Hamilton, MDRC, 2002. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families and Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation; and U.S. Department of Educatio
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Summary of an Urban Ethnographers’ Symposium on

Summary of an Urban Ethnographers’ Symposium on Low-Income Men

  • rpt_EthnographersSymposium.pdf
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Employment Patterns Among Persons with Children

Employment Patterns Among Persons with Children During the Recession

From: Employment Patterns Among Persons with Children During the Recession
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Work Histories and Employment Outcomes of Single

Work Histories and Employment Outcomes of Single Mothers

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Who are Low-Wage Workers?

Who are Low-Wage Workers?

From: Who are Low-Wage Workers?
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Rural Research Needs and Data Sources for

Rural Research Needs and Data Sources for Selected Human Services Topics - Volume 2

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Rural Research Needs and Data Sources for

Rural Research Needs and Data Sources for Selected Human Services Topics - Volume 1

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Appendix: NEWWS Program Summaries

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. Appendix: NEWWS Program Summaries

Appendix Table. Summary of NEWWS Program Activities, Environments, and Results Program Activities Sample and Site Characteristics Five-Year Net Cost per Program Group Member ($) Year Control Group Impact SOURCES:   Hamilton et al., 2001; Michalopoulos and Schwartz, 2001.
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8. Conclusion

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. 8. Conclusion

The Family Support Act of 1988 sent a strong signal to states and localities — a signal that was amplified in the 1996 welfare reform law — that it was important to move people from welfare to work. States responded by developing welfare-to-work programs that were more complex, offered a wider spectrum of services, were implemented on a broa
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Costs Relative to Benefits: What is the

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. Costs Relative to Benefits: What is the government's financial return on its investment in welfare-to-work programs?

The programs' five-year benefits were also calculated in NEWWS. Benefits included the increases in earnings and decreases in welfare and food stamp payments discussed earlier, as well as dollar valuations of the programs' estimated effects on Medicaid, job fringe benefits, taxes paid, and the costs of administering transfer programs such as food s
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Costs: What contributes to the cost of welfare-to

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. Costs: What contributes to the cost of welfare-to-work programs?

Different types of five-year costs were estimated for the NEWWS programs. The gross cost per program group member is a comprehensive measure of all the costs associated with providing employment services and related support services to people while they were enrolled in a welfare-to-work program as well as after they left the program and/or the
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7. Costs and Benefits

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. 7. Costs and Benefits

FSA pushed administrators to operate more complex welfare-to-work programs, involve a larger share of the caseload (including the most disadvantaged), and provide more intensive and expanded services -- changes that were likely to increase the costs of the programs relative to those of programs operated in the early to mid-1980s.
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Mandate Enforcement: What role does enforcing

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. Mandate Enforcement: What role does enforcing mandates play in program effectiveness?

Participation mandates in welfare-to-work programs are intended to change welfare recipients' perceptions and behavior in several ways. First, they send the message that receipt of welfare is not an unconditional entitlement. Second, owing to the time investment required by program activities, they reduce the perceived value of welfare grants rela
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Participation Standards: What does it take to

Moving People from Welfare to Work. Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies.. Participation Standards: What does it take to engage a substantial proportion of people in welfare-to-work program activities?

Despite the fact that participation in welfare-to-work activities is generally required in exchange for welfare receipt, welfare agencies often have a difficult time engaging a large share of their caseloads in program activities. Reacting in part to low participation rates in welfare-to-work programs, FSA broke new ground in requiring states to e

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