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Infant Attachment: What We Know Now

Infant Attachment: What We Know Now

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Infant Attachment: What We Know Now Virginia L. Colin Nancy Low & Associates, Inc. June 28, 1991 PDF Version
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An Evaluability Assessment of Child Care Options

An Evaluability Assessment of Child Care Options for Work-Welfare Programs

MAXIMUS, Inc. April 1988 This report was prepared under contract #HHS-100-85-0004 between HHS's Office of Social Services Policy (now the Office of Disability, Aging and Long-Term Care Policy) and MAXIMUS, Inc. For additional information about this subject, you can visit the ASPE home page at http://aspe.hhs.gov. The Project Officer was Sha
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Table 13

Child Care Quality: Does It Matter and Does It Need to be Improved? (Full Report). Table 13

Variable Relative Care Home-based Care Center-Based Care TABLE 13. Marginal Effects of the Probability of Choosing among Modes of Care for the Youngest Child for Single Mothers (Multinominal Logit Estimation) Predicted Probability of full-time employment -3.096* -2.951** 6.046*** (-1.91)
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Table 12

Child Care Quality: Does It Matter and Does It Need to be Improved? (Full Report). Table 12

Feature No. Mean SD Minimum Maximum Recommended Level Classes Meeting Recommended Level, % TABLE 12 Descriptive Statistics for Child Care Standards at Four Ages: NICHD Study of Early Child Care 6 months Child-staff ratio 97
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Table 11

Child Care Quality: Does It Matter and Does It Need to be Improved? (Full Report). Table 11

TABLE 11. Regression Results for Period and Cumulative Effects at 24 and 36 Months:   Mean Standard Deviation Coefficient Same Period Only Coefficients Cumulative Impact- 1SD to +1 SD Impact- 1SD to +1 SD CDI VOCABULARY PRODUCED †            
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Table 10

Child Care Quality: Does It Matter and Does It Need to be Improved? (Full Report). Table 10

TABLE 10. Requirements for Child: Staff Ratio and Group Size By State States Age of Children   9 months 18 months 3 years 4 years Alabama 6:1 6 8:1 8 12:1 12 20:1 20 Alaska 5:1 NR 6:1 NR 10:1 NR 10:1 NR
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Table 9

Child Care Quality: Does It Matter and Does It Need to be Improved? (Full Report). Table 9

TABLE 9. Ratings of Process Quality by Type of Care and Child Care: NICHD Study of Early Child Care Distributions of Positive Caregiving Scores (percentages)   Poor Fair Good Excellent 15 Months Child care homes 7.0 43.5 33.5
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Table 8

Child Care Quality: Does It Matter and Does It Need to be Improved? (Full Report). Table 8

CITATION STUDY DESIGN ISSUE ADDRESSED N AGE QUALITY MEASURE POSSIBLE CONTROL FINDINGS TABLE 8. Studies of Child Care and Parental Employment Does Employment Matter?
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Table 7

Child Care Quality: Does It Matter and Does It Need to be Improved? (Full Report). Table 7

  Positive Caregiving Rating† Language Stimulation‡   Coefficient Change Coefficient Change TABLE 7. Regression Results and Simulated Change in Child Cognition and Language Skills Simulation: Shift in Quality One Standard Deviation below the Mean to One Standard Deviation above the Mean 15 months (N=595)
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Table 6

Child Care Quality: Does It Matter and Does It Need to be Improved? (Full Report). Table 6

  Child Care Quality 1 Hours in Care 2 Home Quality 3   Whole Sample Extreme Groups 4 Whole Sample Extreme Groups 4 Whole Sample Extreme Groups 4   r d r d r d
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Table 5

Child Care Quality: Does It Matter and Does It Need to be Improved? (Full Report). Table 5

  Child-Staff Ratio Group Size Caregiver Education Caregiver Training   Met Not Met Met Not Met Met Not Met Met Not Met TABLE 5. Adjusted Means for Children in Settings That Did or Did Not Meet Specific Child Care Standards: NICHD Study of Early Child Care
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Table 4

Child Care Quality: Does It Matter and Does It Need to be Improved? (Full Report). Table 4

  Adjusted Mean by No. of Standards Met Linear Trend   0 1 0 2 3 F P TABLE 4. Linear Trends Relating Number of Recommended Standards Met to Child Outcomes: NICHD Study of Early Child Care 24 months No. 15 38
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Table 3

Child Care Quality: Does It Matter and Does It Need to be Improved? (Full Report). Table 3

CITATION a N AGE PROCESS QUALITY MEASURE STRUCTURAL QUALITY MEASURE OTHER CHILD CARE MEASURES FAMILY CONTROLS CHILD DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOMES c QUALITY FINDINGS Table 3. LONG-TERM ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN CHILD CARE QUALITY AND CHILD DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOMES
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Table 2

Child Care Quality: Does It Matter and Does It Need to be Improved? (Full Report). Table 2

Table 2. CONCURRENT ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN CHILD CARE QUALITY AND CHILD DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOMES CITATION a N AGE PROCESSQUALITY MEASURE b STRUCTURALQUALITY MEASURE b FAMILY CONTROLS CHILD DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOMES c
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Table 1

Child Care Quality: Does It Matter and Does It Need to be Improved? (Full Report). Table 1

CITATION (a) N TYPE OF CARE STRUCTURAL VARIABLES PROCESS VARIABLES (b) ANALYSIS FINDING Table 1. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRUCTURAL VARIABLES AND PROCESS VARIABLES Arnett (1989) 59 Centers
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Tables

Child Care Quality: Does It Matter and Does It Need to be Improved? (Full Report). Tables

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Footnotes

Child Care Quality: Does It Matter and Does It Need to be Improved? (Full Report). Footnotes

1)  The authors gratefully thank the following for their contributions to this paper: Josephine Chung, Kim Pierce, Scott Scriver, and Elisabeth Boehnen for their research assistance and Dawn Duren, Jan Blakeslee, Elizabeth Evanson for their editorial and typing assistance.
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References

Child Care Quality: Does It Matter and Does It Need to be Improved? (Full Report). References

Abbott-Shim, M., and A. Sibley. 1992a. Assessment Profile for Early Childhood Programs . Quality Assist, Inc., 368 Moreland Ave. NE Suite 210, Atlanta, GA. Abbott-Shim, M., and A. Sibley. 1992b. Assessment Profile for Family Day Care . Quality Assist, Inc. 368 Moreland Ave. NE Suite 210, Atlanta, GA. “Access to Child Care for Low-Income Wo
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Is There an Economic Justification for Public

Child Care Quality: Does It Matter and Does It Need to be Improved? (Full Report). Is There an Economic Justification for Public Intervention to Improve the Quality of Child Care, Especially for Children from Lower-Income Families?

Market failure, the presence of externalities, and an argument for equality of opportunity all call for public sector intervention in the child care market. The primary form of market failure is the lack of information for parents regarding quality of care which is tied to the difficulty in measuring quality, the lack of availability of high quali
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Does the Quality of Child Care Need to Be

Child Care Quality: Does It Matter and Does It Need to be Improved? (Full Report). Does the Quality of Child Care Need to Be Improved, and Can It Be Improved?

Two general approaches to measuring child care quality were described in this report. Process quality refers to children’s experiences in child care settings. Some process measures focus specifically on caregivers’ behaviors with children. Others include global ratings that incorporate physical facilities and age-appropriate child activities a

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