Table ES-1 Two-Year Impacts of JOBS on Different Income Sources for Single-Parent Sample Members: Labor Force Attachment Approach Labor Force Attachment Group LFA Control Difference Percentage Outcome (LFAs) Group (Impact) Change(a) Percent with income from the following sources during month prior to survey Employment 42.5 34.4 8.1** 23.5 Employment with earnings equivalent to at least $10,000 per year 13.7 9.8 3.8** 39.0 AFDC 57.2 68.3 -11.1** -16.2 Food Stamps 65.1 73.3 -8.2** -11.2 Percent covered by Medicaid or private health insurance during month prior to survey 77.4 82.7 -5.3** -6.4 Average dollar amount received during month prior to survey Earnings 285 226 58** 25.8 AFDC 216 276 -61** -21.9 Food Stamps 132 153 -21** -13.7 Total income b) 682 701 -19 -2.7 (from these and other sources) Sample size 759 951 SOURCE: MDRC calculations from the Two-Year Client Survey partial sample in three sites: Atlanta, Grand Rapids, and Riverside. NOTES: Survey respondents were interviewed between month 25 and month 31, counting the month in which random assignment occurred as month 1. A two-tailed t-test was applied to differences between outcomes for the LFA and LFA control groups. Statistical significance levels are indicated as *** = 1 percent; ** = 5 percent; and * = 10 percent. Rounding may cause slight discrepancies in calculating sums and differences. a) "Percentage Change" equals "Difference" divided by "LFA control group" and multiplied by 100. b) This figure includes earnings, AFDC and Food Stamp benefits, child support payments, and Supplemental Security Income. It does not include income from the Earned Income Tax Credit, Social Security payments, Unemployment Insurance benefits, alimony, Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) benefits, and payments from family members and friends. No deductions are made for transportation, child care, and work-related expenses incurred by sample members. Sample sizes for individual measures vary because of missing values. Sample members for whom values are missing for any income measure are excluded from the calculation of total income. Therefore, the mean value of total income differs slightly from the total obtained by summing the mean values of the five income measures.