                        National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies

                                         Table 5.6

              Program Impacts on Job Characteristics at the End of Two Years

                                                 Sample Program  Control Difference    Percentage
Site and Program                                   Size   Group  Group     (Impact)    Change (%)

                                                       A. For All Respondents
Average weekly pay ($)

Atlanta Labor Force Attachment                      1890   84.37   76.08     8.29         10.9     jwklypay
Atlanta Human Capital Development                   2199   82.01   76.08     5.92          7.8     jwklypay

Grand Rapids Labor Force Attachment                 1158  121.75  118.77     2.97          2.5     jwklypay
Grand Rapids Human Capital Development              1158  110.76  118.77    -8.01         -6.7     jwklypay

Riverside Labor Force Attachment                    1678   94.17   73.27    20.90 ***     28.5     jwklypay
  Lacked high school diploma or basic skills        1012   73.75   52.35    21.41 ***     40.9     jwklypay
Riverside Human Capital Development                 1350   63.38   52.35    11.03         21.1     jwklypay

Columbus Integrated                                  728  115.47   94.59    20.88 **      22.1     jwklypay
Columbus Traditional                                 723  101.73   94.59     7.13          7.5     jwklypay

Detroit                                              426   86.24   79.65     6.59          8.3     jwklypay

Oklahoma City                                        511   97.32   94.35     2.97          3.1     jwklypay

Portland                                             610  128.80   83.04    45.76 ***     55.1     jwklypay

Average hourly pay ($)

Atlanta Labor Force Attachment                      1890    2.39    2.23     0.16          7.3     jhrlypay
Atlanta Human Capital Development                   2199    2.29    2.23     0.06          2.7     jhrlypay

Grand Rapids Labor Force Attachment                 1158    3.44    3.24     0.20          6.3     jhrlypay
Grand Rapids Human Capital Development              1158    3.08    3.24    -0.16         -5.0     jhrlypay

Riverside Labor Force Attachment                    1678    2.75    2.28     0.47 ***     20.7     jhrlypay
  Lacked high school diploma or basic skills        1012    2.17    1.71     0.47 **      27.4     jhrlypay
Riverside Human Capital Development                 1350    2.04    1.71     0.34 *       19.8     jhrlypay

Columbus Integrated                                  728    3.21    2.65     0.56 **      21.3     jhrlypay
Columbus Traditional                                 723    2.95    2.65     0.30         11.4     jhrlypay

Detroit                                              426    2.49    2.28     0.21          9.3     jhrlypay

Oklahoma City                                        511    2.74    2.67     0.07          2.5     jhrlypay

Portland                                             610    3.64    2.25     1.39 ***     61.7     jhrlypay

                                                              Table 5.6 (continued)

                                                 Sample Program Control  Difference   Percentage
Site and Program                                   Size   Group   Group    (Impact)   Change (%)

                                                              A. For All Respondents
Average hours worked per week

Atlanta Labor Force Attachment                      1890    12.9    12.6     0.3          2.7     jwrk_hrs
Atlanta Human Capital Development                   2199    12.9    12.6     0.4          3.0     jwrk_hrs

Grand Rapids Labor Force Attachment                 1158    18.9    18.3     0.6          3.5     jwrk_hrs
Grand Rapids Human Capital Development              1158    17.0    18.3    -1.3         -6.8     jwrk_hrs

Riverside Labor Force Attachment                    1678    14.0    10.7     3.4 ***     31.4     jwrk_hrs
  Lacked high school diploma or basic skills        1012    12.0     8.0     4.0 ***     50.1     jwrk_hrs
Riverside Human Capital Development                 1350    10.7     8.0     2.7 ***     34.1     jwrk_hrs

Columbus Integrated                                  728    17.3    14.5     2.8 **      19.4     jwrk_hrs
Columbus Traditional                                 723    15.3    14.5     0.9          5.9     jwrk_hrs

Detroit                                              426    14.3    11.6     2.7         23.3     jwrk_hrs

Oklahoma City                                        511    16.4    16.2     0.2          1.2     jwrk_hrs

Portland                                             610    17.5    12.6     4.9 ***     38.6     jwrk_hrs

Employed full-time (%)

Atlanta Labor Force Attachment                      1890    27.5    28.4    -0.9         -3.0     jft_pay
Atlanta Human Capital Development                   2199    28.3    28.4    -0.1         -0.3     jft_pay

Grand Rapids Labor Force Attachment                 1158    40.4    36.5     3.8         10.5     jft_pay
Grand Rapids Human Capital Development              1158    36.1    36.5    -0.4         -1.1     jft_pay

Riverside Labor Force Attachment                    1678    28.3    19.9     8.4 ***     42.1     jft_pay
  Lacked high school diploma or basic skills        1012    23.0    15.4     7.6 ***     49.4     jft_pay
Riverside Human Capital Development                 1350    21.2    15.4     5.9 **      38.1     jft_pay

Columbus Integrated                                  728    38.0    31.9     6.1 *       19.2     jft_pay
Columbus Traditional                                 723    32.6    31.9     0.8          2.4     jft_pay

Detroit                                              426    28.7    22.1     6.6         29.9     jft_pay

Oklahoma City                                        511    37.0    36.9     0.1          0.2     jft_pay

Portland                                             610    39.9    26.9    13.0 ***     48.1     jft_pay


