APPENDIX A. DATA ON THE ELDERLY This appendix presents historical and current data on the demographic and economic characteristics of the elderly, including information on population, life expectancy, labor force participation, marital status, living arrangements, poverty rates, and income. Data sources are noted at the bottom of each table. The following definitions may be useful for reading the tables: (1) ``Aged'' and ``elderly'' each refer to any person 65 years old or older. (2) ``OASDI'' and ``Social Security'' are used interchangeably. (3) ``Supplemental security income'' is, at times, abbreviated ``SSI.'' (4) The concepts ``unrelated individual'' and ``unit'' are used many times throughout this appendix. ``Unrelated individual'' refers to any individual living alone. ``Unit'' refers to an individual living alone, a couple living alone or a family. TABLE A-1.--ELDERLY AS A PERCENT OF TOTAL POPULATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF ELDERLY BY AGE AND SEX, 1940 TO 2025 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000\1\ 2025\1\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Population 65 years and older (in thousands)........................... 9,556 12,807 17,268 20,892 26,125 31,995 35,170 60,599 Population age 65 and older as a percent of total population.......... 6.8 8.0 9.1 9.7 11.1 12.3 12.4 18.2 Population age 75 and older as a percent of total population.......... 2.0 2.5 3.1 3.7 4.4 5.2 5.9 7.5 Population age 85 and older as a percent of total population.......... 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.7 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.9 Certain age and sex groupings as a percent of the population 65 years and older: Total 65 years and older.......... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Men 65 and older.............. 48.4 46.8 44.5 41.6 40.3 40.8 41.1 43.9 Men 65 to 74.................. 34.8 32.6 30.2 26.9 26.3 25.9 23.9 27.8 Men 75 to 84.................. 11.9 12.2 12.2 12.4 11.3 12.1 13.8 13.0 Men 85 and older.............. 1.7 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.8 2.9 3.5 3.2 Women 65 and older............ 51.6 53.2 55.5 58.4 59.7 59.2 58.9 56.1 Women 65 to 74................ 35.8 35.7 35.7 34.7 33.9 31.8 28.5 31.0 Women 75 to 84................ 13.4 14.7 16.3 19.2 19.3 19.8 21.4 17.8 Women 85 and older............ 2.3 2.8 3.5 4.6 6.5 7.5 9.0 7.3 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\Projection. Note: Population data include total U.S. plus the outlying areas covered under the Social Security program and an adjustment for population undercount. Source: 1993 Annual Report of the Board of Trustees of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance and Disability Insurance Trust Funds, and unpublished estimates from the Office of the Actuary, Social Security Administration. Population figures are as of July 1 of the year. TABLE A-2.--LIFE EXPECTANCY\1\ FOR MEN AND WOMEN, 1900-2070 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Life expectancy Life expectancy at birth at age 65 Year ----------------------------------- Male Female Male Female ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Actual: 1900............................ 46.4 49.0 11.4 11.7 1910............................ 50.1 53.6 11.4 12.1 1920............................ 54.5 56.3 11.8 12.3 1930............................ 58.0 61.3 11.8 12.9 1940............................ 61.4 65.7 11.9 13.4 1950............................ 65.6 71.1 12.8 15.1 1960............................ 66.7 73.2 12.9 15.9 1970............................ 67.1 74.9 13.1 17.1 1980............................ 69.9 77.5 14.0 18.4 1990\2\......................... 71.1 78.8 14.9 18.9 Projected\3\: 2000............................ 72.6 79.7 15.4 19.4 2010............................ 74.0 80.5 15.8 19.7 2020............................ 74.7 81.2 16.3 20.2 2030............................ 75.3 81.8 16.7 20.6 2040............................ 75.9 82.4 17.1 21.1 2050............................ 76.5 82.9 17.5 21.5 2060............................ 77.0 83.5 17.9 22.0 2070............................ 77.5 84.0 18.3 22.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ \1\The life expectancy for any year is the average number of years of life remaining for a person if that person were to experience the death rates by age observed in, or assumed for, the selected years. \2\Estimated. \3\Based on the intermediate mortality assumptions of the 1993 Annual Report of the Board of Trustees of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance and Disability Insurance Trust Funds. Source: Office of the Actuary, Social Security Administration. TABLE A-3.--LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION RATES\1\, 1950-93 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sex 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1993 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Men: 55 to 64.......... 86.9 87.9 86.8 84.6 83.0 75.8 72.3 67.9 67.7 66.5 55 to 59.......... (\2\) 92.5 91.6 90.2 89.5 84.4 81.9 79.6 79.8 78.2 60 to 64.......... (\2\) 82.5 81.1 78.0 75.0 65.7 61.0 55.6 55.5 54.1 60 to 61.......... (\2\) (\2\) (\2\) 84.8 82.6 75.2 71.8 68.9 68.8 66.1 62 to 64.......... (\2\) (\2\) (\2\) 73.2 69.4 58.8 52.8 46.1 46.4 46.1 65 and over....... 45.8 39.6 33.1 27.9 26.8 21.7 19.1 15.8 16.4 15.6 Women: 55 to 64.......... 27.0 32.5 37.2 41.4 43.0 41.0 41.5 42.0 45.3 47.3 55 to 59.......... (\2\) 35.6 42.2 47.1 50.4 47.9 48.6 50.3 55.3 57.1 60 to 64.......... (\2\) 29.0 31.4 34.0 36.1 33.3 33.3 33.4 35.5 37.1 60 to 61.......... (\2\) (\2\) (\2\) 40.4 41.4 39.5 39.8 40.3 42.9 45.2 62 to 64.......... (\2\) (\2\) (\2\) 29.5 32.3 29.0 28.6 28.7 30.7 31.8 65 and over....... 9.7 10.6 10.8 10.0 9.7 8.3 8.1 7.3 8.7 8.2 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\Civilian labor force as percent of civilian noninstitutional population aged 16 or older. \2\Data not available. Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics. TABLE A-4.--MARITAL STATUS OF AGED INDIVIDUALS\1\, 1960-92 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1960 1970\2\ 1980\3\ 1990 1992 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 65 to 75 and 65 to 75 and 65 to 75 and 65 to 75 and 65 to 75 and 74 over 74 over 74 over 74 over 74 over ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Men: Number (in thousands)......... 4,778 2,280 5,333 3,031 6,459 3,234 8,013 4,320 8,266 4,533 Percent............. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Married........... 78.9 59.1 77.6 79.7 81.6 69.4 80.2 69.9 79.1 70.2 Widowed........... 12.7 31.6 11.0 30.4 8.5 24.0 9.2 23.7 10.2 23.7 Divorced.......... 1.7 1.5 2.9 1.5 4.4 2.2 6.0 3.1 6.1 2.6 Never married..... 6.7 7.8 8.5 6.6 5.4 4.4 4.7 3.4 4.6 3.5 ========================================================================================= Women: Number (in thousands)......... 5,529 3,054 6,741 4,608 8,549 5,411 9,966 7,267 10,174 7,616 Percent............. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Married........... 45.6 21.8 45.4 20.8 50.1 23.3 53.2 25.4 53.0 25.6 Widowed........... 44.4 68.3 43.7 70.5 40.3 68.0 36.1 65.6 35.9 65.0 Divorced.......... 1.7 1.2 3.0 1.3 4.0 2.3 6.2 3.6 6.7 4.0 Never married\4\.. 8.4 8.6 7.9 7.4 5.6 6.4 4.6 5.4 4.4 5.4 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\Civilian noninstitutional population only. \2\Estimates based on weights derived from the 1960 decennial census. \3\Estimates based on weights derived from the 1970 decennial census. \4\Never married was reported as ``single'' for 1960. Note: Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, series P-20, Nos. 135, 212, 365, 423, 445, 450, and 461. TABLE A-5.--LIVING ARRANGEMENTS OF THE ELDERLY, 1970-92 [Civilian noninstitutionalized population, number in thousands] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total 65 and Widowed men Widowed women over --------------------------------- Living arrangement ------------------ Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total: 1970\2\....... 19,061 100.0 1,333 100.0 5,946 100.0 1980\3\....... 24,194 100.0 1,342 100.0 7,295 100.0 1990.......... 29,566 100.0 1,755 100.0 8,367 100.0 1992.......... 30,590 100.0 1,917 100.0 8,601 100.0 =================================================== In families: 1970\2\......... 13,347 70.0 499 37.4 2,386 40.1 1980\3\......... 16,355 67.6 385 28.7 2,194 30.1 1990............ 19,737 66.8 525 29.9 2,202 26.3 1992............ 20,351 66.5 53.6 28.0 2,305 26.8 Living alone: 1970\2\......... 5,071 26.6 708 53.1 3,309 55.7 1980\3\......... 7,328 30.3 893 66.5 4,916 67.4 1990............ 9,176 31.0 1,117 63.6 5,946 71.1 1992............ 9,523 31.1 1,241 64.7 6,070 70.6 Other: 1970\2\......... 645 3.4 124 9.3 251 4.2 1980\3\......... 511 2.1 65 4.8 186 2.5 1990............ 653 2.2 113 6.4 220 2.6 1992............ 716 2.3 142 7.4 227 2.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ \1\Excludes persons in institutions (nursing homes, etc.). The number of such persons age 65 years and over was estimated to be 0.8 million in 1970, and 1.6 million in 1989. \2\Estimates based on weights derived from the 1970 decennial census. \3\Estimates based on weights derived from the 1980 decennial census. Source: Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, P-20, Nos. 445, 450, 461 and unpublished data. TABLE A-6.--POVERTY STATUS OF ALL PERSONS, AND THE ELDERLY BY SEX, RACE/ETHNICITY AND LIVING ARRANGEMENT, 1959-92 [Percent below the poverty level] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1959 1966 1970 1973\1\ 1980 1990 1992 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- All persons............................................................ 22.4 14.7 12.6 11.1 13.0 13.5 14.5 Persons 65 years old and over.............................................. 35.2 28.5 24.5 16.3 15.7 12.2 12.9 Both sexes: Living arrangement: Living in families............................................. NA NA 14.7 9.4 8.5 5.8 7.1 Unrelated individuals.......................................... NA NA 47.1 32.0 30.6 24.7 24.9 Race/ethnicity: Black.......................................................... NA NA 48.0 37.1 38.1 21.9 22.0 Hispanic\2\.................................................... NA NA NA 24.9 30.8 14.6 14.2 White.......................................................... NA NA 22.5 14.4 13.6 4.3 5.7 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Men.................................................................... NA NA 19.0 12.4 10.9 7.6 8.9 Living arrangement: Living in families............................................. NA NA 14.9 9.4 8.2 5.4 6.7 Unrelated individuals.......................................... NA NA 38.9 27.1 24.4 17.3 18.6 Race/ethnicity: Black.......................................................... NA NA 41.3 32.4 31.4 27.8 26.9 Hispanic\2\.................................................... NA NA NA 22.0 27.0 18.6 17.4 White.......................................................... NA NA 17.0 10.4 9.0 5.6 7.1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Women.................................................................. NA NA 28.5 19.0 19.0 15.4 15.7 Living arrangement: Living in families............................................. NA NA 14.5 9.3 8.8 6.3 7.5 Unrelated individuals.......................................... NA NA 49.7 33.5 32.3 26.9 26.8 Race/ethnicity: Black.......................................................... NA NA 53.2 40.5 42.6 37.9 37.7 Hispanic\2\.................................................... NA NA NA 24.7 34.3 25.3 25.3 White.......................................................... NA NA 26.5 17.2 16.8 13.2 13.6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\First year in which Hispanic data are available. \2\Hispanics may be of any race. NA--Not available. Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports series P-60. TABLE A-7.--POVERTY RATES OF THE ELDERLY BY AGE, SEX, AND MARITAL STATUS: 1992 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 65 and 65 to 75 to 85 and over 74 84 over ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Male total.......................... 8.9 8.1 9.7 13.2 Married......................... 6.6 6.0 7.5 10.5 Widowed......................... 15.0 13.7 15.7 16.7 Divorced/separated/never married 17.6 18.1 16.5 NA Female total........................ 15.7 12.7 18.9 22.7 Married......................... 6.4 5.6 8.0 NA Widowed......................... 21.5 18.9 23.2 23.8 Divorced/separated/never married 26.0 25.6 27.0 NA Total............................... 12.9 10.7 15.3 19.8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ NA--Not available due to unreliability of estimate. Percentage base represents fewer than 250,000 persons. Source: March 1993 Current Population Survey (CPS). Table prepared by CRS. TABLE A-8.--TOTAL MONEY INCOME OF ELDERLY UNITS, 1992 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- All units Married couples Nonmarried persons ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Amount of income Age 65 Age 65- Age 85 Age 65 Age 65- Age 85 Age 65 Age 65- Age 85 and over 69 and over and over 69 and over and over 69 and over ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Number (in thousands). 23,579 6,746 2,409 9,595 3,395 427 13,983 3,351 1,982 Total percent... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0-$4,999.... 8.2 7.0 13.6 2.4 2.4 4.3 12.2 11.5 15.9 $5,000-$9,99 9.......... 26.8 19.3 41.0 7.5 6.4 10.3 40.2 32.4 47.5 $10,000-$14, 999........ 17.9 15.9 19.1 14.2 12.3 20.7 20.6 19.4 18.9 $15,000-19,9 99......... 12.4 12.2 9.9 15.3 11.6 21.2 10.4 12.7 7.5 $20,000-$29, 999........ 15.8 18.8 8.0 24.8 24.3 17.9 9.5 13.3 5.9 $30,000-39,9 99......... 8.0 10.6 3.9 14.9 16.9 10.4 3.4 4.2 2.4 $40,000-49,9 99......... 4.1 5.6 2.2 7.5 8.4 7.5 1.7 2.7 1.1 $50,000-74,9 99......... 3.7 5.6 1.0 7.2 9.2 3.0 1.4 2.1 0.4 $75,000-$99, 999........ 1.1 2.1 0.4 2.8 3.5 1.7 0.4 0.7 0.2 $100,000-$14 9,999...... 0.3 2.1 0.3 2.2 3.4 1.7 0.3 0.7 0.0 $150,000-$19 9,999...... 0.3 0.7 0.2 0.7 1.3 1.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 $200,000 or more....... 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 ========================================================================================= Median................ $13,959 $18,087 $9,299 $23,817 $26,873 $18,347 $9,554 $11,302 $8,108 .................... ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source: 1993 Current Population Survey, tabulated by the Office of Research and Statistics, Social Security Administration. TABLE A-9.--AMOUNT OF INCOME FROM SOURCES OTHER THAN SOCIAL SECURITY, AMONG SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFICIARIES AGE 65 AND OVER, 1992 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Unit income other than Social Married Nonmarried Security All units couples persons ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Number (in thousands)............ 21,719 8,958 12,762 Total percent.............. 100.0 100.0 100.0 -------------------------------------- None................... 14.2 6.4 19.7 Loss or $1-$1,999...... 20.7 12.0 17.8 $2,000-$3,999.......... 10.8 7.7 12.9 $4,000-$5,999.......... 8.1 6.8 9.0 $6,000-$7,999.......... 7.1 7.9 6.5 $8,000-$9,999.......... 5.7 6.4 5.3 $10,000-$14,999........ 9.9 13.3 1.8 $15,000-$19,999........ 6.2 9.4 3.9 $20,000-$29,999........ 7.5 12.5 4.0 $30,000-$39,999........ 3.9 6.9 1.8 $40,000-$74,999........ 3.8 6.9 1.7 $75,000-$99,999........ 0.9 1.7 0.3 $100,000-$199,999...... 0.9 2.0 0.1 $200,000 or more....... 0.1 0.2 0.1 ====================================== Median income other than Social Security........................ $4,918 $10,937 $2,357 Median Social Security income.... $8,044 $11,656 $6,748 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Source: 1993 Current Population Survey, tabulated by the Office of Research and Statistics, Social Security Administration. TABLE A-10.--INCOME SOURCES OF ELDERLY UNITS\1\ AND RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF SOURCES, 1992 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Percent of units with Percent of aggregate income from each source unit income from each -------------------------- source ------------------------ Total Poor\2 Nonpoor Total Poor\2\ Nonpoor ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Number of units (in thousands).......... 23,187 3,514 19,673 NA NA NA Number of aged individuals (in thousands).......... 30,870 3,983 26,887 NA NA NA Percent of units..... 100.0 15.2 84.8 NA NA NA Earnings\3\.......... 32.3 9.3 36.4 30.0 5.0 30.9 OASDI, railroad retirement.......... 93.6 89.8 94.2 32.6 67.7 31.3 Pensions............. 45.6 8.6 52.2 16.0 2.6 16.4 Unemployment compensation, workers compensation, veterans payments... 8.8 4.8 9.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 AFDC, SSI, general assistance.......... 8.7 25.3 5.7 1.0 10.0 0.7 Child support, alimony............. 5.3 2.7 5.7 0.9 0.6 0.9 Interest, dividends\3\........ 70.1 33.7 76.6 17.5 3.5 18.0 Food stamps\4\....... 5.7 23.6 2.5 0.2 3.1 0.1 Housing assistance\4\ 5.9 16.9 3.9 0.4 5.8 0.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ \1\Families and unrelated individuals with any member age 65 or older. \2\Based on census (``Orshansky'') poverty levels. \3\Negative income (i.e., losses) set to zero. \4\The cash values of food stamps and housing assistance were estimated using their market values. Their cash values are excluded from total income for purposes of determining poverty status. Cash values of food stamps and housing assistance are included in total income for calculating the percentage share of total income. NA--Not applicable. Note: Details may not sum to totals due to rounding. Source: March 1993 Current Population Survey (CPS). Table prepared by CRS. TABLE A-11.--INCOME SOURCES OF ELDERLY MARRIED COUPLES AND RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF SOURCES, 1992 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent of couples with Percent of aggregate income from each source total income from each --------------------------- source ------------------------- Total Poor\2\ Nonpoor Total Poor\2\ Nonpoor ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Number of married couples (in thousands)................... 6,076 347 5,729 NA NA NA Percent of married couples................................. 100.0 5.7 94.3 NA NA NA Earnings\3\................................................ 20.8 5.5 21.8 12.8 2.5 12.9 OASDI, railroad retirement................................. 97.2 86.5 97.8 40.7 73.1 40.3 Pensions................................................... 60.9 14.6 63.7 22.0 4.8 22.2 Veterans, UC, and other compensation....................... 8.4 3.7 8.7 1.3 2.0 1.3 AFDC, SSI, general assistance.............................. 2.4 14.4 1.7 0.3 7.9 0.2 Child support, alimony..................................... 3.0 0.4 3.2 0.5 0.0 0.5 Interest, dividends\3\..................................... 82.4 45.4 84.6 22.5 5.2 22.7 Food stamps\4\............................................. 1.6 17.8 0.6 0.0 2.9 0.0 Housing assistance\4\...................................... 1.3 4.4 1.1 0.1 1.6 0.0 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\Both members age 65 or over. \2\Based on Orshansky poverty levels. \3\Negative incomes (i.e., losses) set to zero. \4\The cash values of food stamps and housing assistance were estimated using their market values. Their cash values are excluded from total income for purposes of determining poverty status. Cash values of food stamps and housing assistance are included in total income for calculating the percentage share of total income. NA--Not applicable. Source: March 1993 Current Population Survey (CPS). Table prepared by CRS. TABLE A-12. INCOME SOURCES OF ELDERLY UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS\1\ AND RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF SOURCES, 1992 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent of units with Percent of aggregate income from each source total income from each ---------------------------- source ------------------------- Total Poor\2\ Nonpoor Total Poor\2\ Nonpoor ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Number of individuals (in thousands)...................... 10,041 2,498 7,543 NA NA NA Percent of individuals.................................... 100.0 24.9 75.1 NA NA NA Earnings\3\............................................... 12.4 2.9 15.5 10.0 0.7 11.0 OASDI, Railroad retirement................................ 94.9 92.5 95.7 45.2 74.6 42.2 Pensions.................................................. 37.8 7.3 47.9 17.4 2.1 18.9 Veterans, UC, and other compensation...................... 5.0 3.8 5.5 1.5 0.9 1.6 AFDC, SSI, general assistance............................. 8.3 23.7 3.2 1.2 8.2 0.4 Child support, alimony.................................... 3.5 1.6 4.2 0.8 0.4 0.9 Interest, dividends\3\.................................... 63.9 33.9 73.8 22.3 3.3 24.3 Food stamps\4\............................................ 7.0 22.2 1.9 0.2 2.0 0.0 Housing assistance\4\..................................... 11.2 20.9 8.0 1.4 7.9 0.7 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\Age 65 and over living alone. \2\Based on (``Orshansky'') poverty levels. \3\Negative incomes (i.e., losses) set to zero. \4\The cash values of food stamps and housing assistance were estimated using their market values. Their cash values are excluded from total income for purposes of determining poverty status. Cash values of food stamps and housing assistance are included in total income for calculating the percentage share of total income. NA--Not applicable. Source: March 1993 Current Population Survey (CPS). Table prepared by CRS. TABLE A-13.--RECEIPT OF SOCIAL SECURITY, SUPPLEMENTAL SECURITY INCOME AND FOOD STAMPS, AMONG POOR AND NEAR-POOR ELDERLY UNITS,\1\ 1992 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Units with income Units with income of below 100 percent of 100 to 149.9 percent poverty threshold of poverty threshold Type of benefit received ------------------------------------------- Number (in Number (in thousands) Percent thousands) Percent ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total....................... 3,377 100.0 3,578 100.0 Social Security\2\.......... 3,057 90.5 3,483 97.3 SSI......................... 761 22.5 393 11.0 Food stamps................. 779 23.1 237 6.6 Social Security only\3\..... 2,131 63.1 2,993 83.7 SSI only\3\................. 51 1.5 25 0.7 Food stamps only\3\......... 19 0.6 0 0.0 Social Security and food stamps\4\.................. 308 9.1 133 3.7 Social Security and SSI\4\.. 258 7.6 263 7.4 SSI and food stamps\4\...... 92 2.7 11 0.3 All three income sources.... 360 10.7 93 2.6 No Social Security, SSI, or food stamps................ 158 4.7 59 1.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ \1\Includes couples with an elderly head and unrelated individuals. \2\Includes railroad retirement. \3\This row, which is labeled ``social security only'', means the family receives only Social Security and does not receive SSI or food stamps. The family could be receiving other types of income. The same is true of the following 2 rows. \4\Family receives only the two types of income specified but not the third. The family could be receiving other sources of income than the three mentioned. Source: March 1993 Current Population Survey (CPS). Table prepared by CRS.