Welfare Indicators and Risk Factors: Thirteenth Report to Congress. AFDC/TANF Program Data

The following tables and figures present data on caseloads, expenditures, and recipient characteristics of the AFDC and TANF programs. Trends in national caseloads and expenditures are shown in Figures TANF 1 and TANF 2, and the first set of tables (Tables TANF 1 through 6). These are followed by information on characteristics of AFDC/TANF families (Table TANF 7)²³ and a series of tables presenting state-by-state data on trends in the AFDC/TANF program (Tables TANF 8 through 15). These data complement the data on trends in AFDC/TANF recipiency and participation rates shown in Tables IND 3a and IND 4a in Chapter II.

More information about the TANF program, including caseload data, expenditure data, work participation rate data and TANF Reports to Congress, can be found at http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ofa/programs/tanf.

Figure TANF 1. AFDC/TANF Families Receiving Income Assistance

(In millions)

Note: “Basic Families” are single-parent families and “UP Families” are two-parent cases receiving benefits under AFDC Unemployed Parent programs that operated in certain states before FY 1991 and in all states after October 1, 1990. The AFDC Basic and UP programs were replaced by TANF as of July 1, 1997 under the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996. Shaded areas indicate NBER designated periods of recession from peak to trough; NBER has established December 2007 as the beginning month of the current recession. The decrease in number of families receiving assistance during the 1981-82 recession stems from changes in eligibility requirements and other policy changes mandated by OBRA 1981. Beginning in 2000, “Total Families” includes TANF and SSP families. Last data point plotted is December 2011.

Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Family Assistance.

Figure TANF 2. Average Monthly AFDC/TANF Benefit per Recipient in Constant 2011 Dollars

Note: See Table TANF 6 for underlying data. Comparison of trends in the average monthly AFDC/TANF benefit per recipient in constant 2011 dollars with the weighted average maximum benefit in constant 2011 dollars since 1988 indicates that the primary cause of the decline in the average monthly benefit has been the erosion of the real value of the maximum benefit due to inflation. This is due to the fact that the current value of the maximum benefits has increased less than the cost of living in most states since the late1980s.

Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Family Assistance, Quarterly Public Assistance Statistics, 1992 & 1993 and earlier years along with unpublished data.

• Table TANF 1. Trends in AFDC/TANF Caseloads: 1962-2011

  • Fiscal Year	Average Monthly Number (thousands)					Children as a Percent of Total Recipients	Average1 Number of Children per Family
    	Total Families 1	AFDC UP2 Two-Parent Families	TANF Two-Parent Families	Total Recipients	Child Recipients
    1962	924	48	NA	3,593	2,778	77.3	3.0
    1964	984	60	NA	4,059	3,043	75.0	3.1
    1966	1,074	62	NA	4,472	3,369	75.3	3.1
    1968	1,310	67	NA	5,349	4,013	75.0	3.1
    1970	1,906	78	NA	7,415	5,484	74.0	2.9
    1972	2,918	134	NA	10,632	7,698	72.4	2.6
    1973	3,123	120	NA	11,038	7,967	72.2	2.6
    1974	3,170	93	NA	10,845	7,825	72.2	2.5
    1975	3,357	100	NA	11,067	7,952	71.9	2.4
    1976	3,575	135	NA	11,386	8,054	70.7	2.3
    1977	3,593	149	NA	11,130	7,846	70.5	2.2
    1978	3,539	128	NA	10,672	7,492	70.2	2.1
    1979	3,496	114	NA	10,318	7,197	69.8	2.1
    1980	3,642	141	NA	10,597	7,320	69.1	2.0
    1981	3,871	209	NA	11,160	7,615	68.2	2.0
    1982	3,569	232	NA	10,431	6,975	66.9	2.0
    1983	3,651	272	NA	10,659	7,051	66.1	1.9
    1984	3,725	287	NA	10,866	7,153	65.8	1.9
    1985	3,692	261	NA	10,813	7,165	66.3	1.9
    1986	3,748	254	NA	10,997	7,300	66.4	1.9
    1987	3,784	236	NA	11,065	7,381	66.7	2.0
    1988	3,748	210	NA	10,920	7,325	67.1	2.0
    1989	3,771	193	NA	10,934	7,370	67.4	2.0
    1990	3,974	204	NA	11,460	7,755	67.7	2.0
    1991	4,374	268	NA	12,592	8,513	67.6	1.9
    1992	4,768	322	NA	13,625	9,226	67.7	1.9
    1993	4,981	359	NA	14,143	9,560	67.6	1.9
    1994	5,046	363	NA	14,226	9,611	67.6	1.9
    1995	4,871	335	NA	13,660	9,280	67.9	1.9
    1996	4,543	301	NA	12,645	8,671	68.6	1.9
    1997 2	3,937	256	NA	10,935	7,7813	71.23	2.03
    1998	3,200	NA	162	8,790	6,273	71.4	2.0
    1999	2,674	NA	125	7,188	5,319	74.0	2.0
    2000	2,356	NA	132	6,324	4,598	72.7	2.0
    2001	2,200	NA	119	5,761	4,233	73.5	1.9
    2002	2,195	NA	118	5,656	4,149	73.3	1.9
    2003	2,181	NA	116	5,518	4,075	73.9	1.9
    2004	2,161	NA	114	5,377	3,993	74.3	1.8
    2005	2,090	NA	108	5,118	3,818	74.6	1.8
    2006	1,960	NA	98	4,741	3,565	75.2	1.8
    2007	1,754	NA	62	4,138	3,165	76.5	1.8
    2008	1,693	NA	63	3,982	3,044	76.5	1.8
    2009	1,796	NA	86	4,254	3,222	75.7	1.8
    2010	1,911	NA	101	4,573	3,421	74.8	1.8
    2011	1,921	NA	104	4,600	3,435	74.7	1.8

    Note: Beginning in 2000, all caseload numbers include SSP families.

    ¹ Includes unemployed parent families and child-only cases.

    ² The AFDC Unemployed Parent program was replaced when the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 repealed AFDC and set up the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program beginning July 1, 1997.

    ³ Based on data from the AFDC reporting system that were available only for the first 9 months of the fiscal year.

    Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Family Assistance (available online at http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ofa/programs/tanf/data-reports).

• Table TANF 2. Number of AFDC/TANF Recipients, and Recipients as a Percentage of Various Population Groups: 1970-2011

  • Calendar Year1	Total Recipients in the States & DC (thousands)	Child Recipients in the States & DC (thousands)	Recipients as a Percent of Total Population2	Recipients as a Percent of Poverty Population3	Child Recipients as a Percent of Total Child Population2	Child Recipients as a Percent of Children in Poverty3
    1970	8,303	6,104	4.0	32.7	8.7	58.5
    1971	10,043	7,303	4.8	39.3	10.5	69.2
    1972	10,736	7,766	5.1	43.9	11.2	75.5
    1973	10,738	7,763	5.1	46.7	11.3	80.5
    1974	10,621	7,637	5.0	45.4	11.2	75.2
    1975	11,131	7,928	5.2	43.0	11.8	71.4
    1976	11,098	7,850	5.1	44.4	11.8	76.4
    1977	10,856	7,632	4.9	43.9	11.7	74.2
    1978	10,387	7,270	4.7	42.4	11.2	73.2
    1979	10,140	7,057	4.5	38.9	11.0	68.0
    1980	10,599	7,295	4.7	36.2	11.5	63.2
    1981	10,893	7,397	4.7	34.2	11.7	59.2
    1982	10,161	6,767	4.4	29.5	10.8	49.6
    1983	10,569	6,967	4.5	29.9	11.1	50.1
    1984	10,643	7,017	4.5	31.6	11.2	52.3
    1985	10,672	7,073	4.5	32.3	11.3	54.4
    1986	10,850	7,206	4.5	33.5	11.5	56.0
    1987	10,841	7,240	4.5	33.6	11.5	56.4
    1988	10,728	7,201	4.4	33.8	11.4	57.8
    1989	10,798	7,286	4.4	34.3	11.5	57.9
    1990	11,497	7,781	4.6	34.2	12.1	57.9
    1991	12,728	8,601	5.0	35.6	13.2	60.0
    1992	13,571	9,189	5.3	35.7	13.8	60.1
    1993	14,007	9,460	5.4	35.7	14.0	60.2
    1994	13,970	9,448	5.3	36.7	13.8	61.8
    1995	13,242	9,013	5.0	36.4	13.0	61.5
    1996	12,156	8,355	4.5	33.3	11.9	57.8
    1997	10,224	7,0774	3.7	28.7	10.0	50.1
    1998	8,215	5,781	3.0	23.8	8.1	42.9
    1999	6,709	4,836	2.4	20.5	6.7	39.4
    2000	6,043	4,415	2.1	19.1	6.1	38.1
    2001	5,631	4,140	2.0	17.1	5.7	35.3
    2002	5,534	4,073	1.9	16.0	5.6	33.6
    2003	5,424	4,024	1.9	15.1	5.5	31.3
    2004	5,283	3,935	1.8	14.3	5.4	30.2
    2005	4,975	3,726	1.7	13.5	5.1	28.9
    2006	4,537	3,428	1.5	12.4	4.6	26.7
    2007	4,038	3,093	1.3	10.8	4.2	23.2
    2008	3,972	3,036	1.3	10.0	4.1	21.6
    2009	4,331	3,268	1.4	9.9	4.4	21.2
    2010	4,553	3,405	1.5	9.8	4.6	20.9
    2011	4,512	3,378	1.4	9.8	4.6	20.9

    ¹ Total recipients are calculated here as the monthly average for the calendar year in order to compare with the calendar year counts of the poverty populations used to compute the recipiency rates. From 2000 onward, total recipients includes SSP recipients as well as TANF recipients and likewise for child recipients. See Table IND 3a for fiscal year recipiency rates.

    ² Population numbers used as denominators are resident population. See Current Population Reports, Series P25-1106

    ³ For poverty population data see Current Population Reports, Series P60-231 (available online at http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/poverty.html).

    ⁴ Estimated based on the ratio of children recipients to total recipients for January through June of 1997.

    Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Family Assistance and U.S. Census Bureau, “Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2012,” Current Population Reports, Series P60-245 (available online at http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/poverty.html).

• Table TANF 3. TANF and Separate State Program (SSP) Families and Recipients: 2000-2011 [In thousands]

  • Fiscal Year	TANF	SSP	Total
    Families
    2000	2,265	91	2,356
    2001	2,117	82	2,200
    2002	2,065	129	2,195
    2003	2,032	149	2,181
    2004	1,987	174	2,161
    2005	1,920	170	2,090
    2006	1,805	155	1,960
    2007	1,699	55	1,754
    2008	1,628	65	1,693
    2009	1,727	70	1,796
    2010	1,848	69	1,917
    2011	1,864	58	1,922
    All Recipients
    2000	5,943	380	6,324
    2001	5,423	338	5,761
    2002	5,149	508	5,656
    2003	4,967	551	5,518
    2004	4,784	593	5,377
    2005	4,549	569	5,118
    2006	4,222	520	4,742
    2007	3,961	177	4,138
    2008	3,782	199	3,982
    2009	4,041	213	4,254
    2010	4,371	222	4,593
    2011	4,417	186	4,603
    Child Recipients
    2000	4,370	228	4,598
    2001	4,025	202	4,227
    2002	3,841	308	4,149
    2003	3,731	344	4,075
    2004	3,617	376	3,993
    2005	3,459	360	3,818
    2006	3,237	328	3,565
    2007	3,050	115	3,165
    2008	2,914	130	3,044
    2009	3,084	139	3,223
    2010	3,289	146	3,435
    2011	3,316	122	3,437

    Note: Some states provide cash and other forms of assistance to specific categories of families (e.g., two-parent families) under Separate State Programs (SSPs) which are funded out of Maintenance of Effort (MOE) dollars rather than federal TANF funds. See Table TANF 15 for SSPs by state.

    Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Family Assistance (available online at http://archive.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ofa/data-reports/caseload/caseload_c...).

• Table TANF 4. Total AFDC/TANF Expenditures on Cash Benefits and Administration: 1970 - 2011 [In millions of dollars]

  • Fiscal Year	Federal Funds (Current Dollars)		State Funds (Current Dollars)		Total (Current Dollars)		Total (Constant 2011 Dollars1)
    	Benefits	Admin	Benefits	Admin	Benefits	Admin	Benefits	Admin
    1970	$2,187	$5722	$1,895	$309	$4,082	$8812	$21,410	$4,621
    1971	3,008	271	2,469	254	5,477	525	27,501	2,636
    1972	3,612	240 3	2,942	241	6,554	481 3	31,780	2,332
    1973	3,865	313	3,138	296	7,003	610	32,613	2,841
    1974	4,071	379	3,300	362	7,371	740	31,617	3,174
    1975	4,625	552	3,787	529	8,412	1,082	32,887	4,230
    1976	5,258	541	541	527	9,676	1,069	35,411	3,912
    1977	5,626	595	4,762	583	10,388	1,177	35,389	4,010
    1978	5,724	631	4,898	617	10,621	1,248	33,945	3,989
    1979	5,825	683	4,954	668	10,779	1,350	31,673	3,967
    1980	6,448	750	5,508	729	11,956	1,479	31,626	3,912
    1981	6,928	835	5,917	814	12,845	1,648	30,875	3,961
    1982	6,922	878	5,934	878	12,857	1,756	28,922	3,950
    1983	7,332	915	6,275	915	13,607	1,830	29,252	3,934
    1984	7,707	876	6,664	822	14,371	1,698	29,674	3,506
    1985	7,817	890	6,763	889	14,580	1,779	29,070	3,547
    1986	8,239	993	6,996	967	15,235	1,960	29,681	3,819
    1987	8,914	1,081	7,409	1,052	16,323	2,133	30,977	4,048
    1988	9,125	1,194	7,538	1,159	16,663	2,353	30,487	4,305
    1989	9,433	1,211	7,807	1,206	17,240	2,417	30,257	4,242
    1990	10,149	1,358	8,390	1,303	18,539	2,661	31,124	4,467
    1991	11,165	1,373	9,191	1,300	20,356	2,673	32,706	4,295
    1992	12,258	1,459	9,993	1,378	22,250	2,837	34,892	4,449
    1993	12,270	1,518	10,016	1,438	22,286	2,956	34,076	4,520
    1994	12,512	1,680	10,285	1,621	22,797	3,301	34,127	4,942
    1995	12,019	1,770	10,014	1,751	22,032	3,521	32,219	5,150
    1996	11,065	1,633	9,346	1,633	20,411	3,266	29,114	4,658
    1997 4	9,748	1,273	7,799	1,098	17,547	2,371	24,427	3,300
    1998	7,518	1,231	7,096	1,028	14,614	2,259	20,048	3,100
    1999	6,475	1,407	6,975	884	13,449	2,291	18,126	3,087
    2000	5,444	1,570	5,736	1,032	11,180	2,302	14,607	3,400
    2001	4,772	1,598	5,390	1,042	10,163	2,639	12,867	3,342
    2002	4,554	1,633	4,854	983	9,408	2,617	11,737	3,265
    2003	5,820	1,592	4,398	859	10,219	2,451	12,453	2,987
    2004	4,717	1,471	5,652	828	10,368	2,300	12,350	2,739
    2005	5,193	1,507	5,546	870	10,739	2,377	12,385	2,741
    2006	4,926	1,525	4,980	886	9,906	2,411	11,018	2,681
    2007	4,533	1,553	4,583	955	9,116	2,508	9,906	2,726
    2008	4,755	1,523	3,894	1,054	8,649	2,577	8,999	2,682
    2009	4,504	1,572	4,820	911	9,324	2,483	9,733	2,592
    2010	6,889	1,602	3,810	885	10,699	2,487	10,983	2,553
    2011	5,255	1,475	4,350	829	9,604	2,304	9,604	2,304

    Note: Benefits do not include emergency assistance payments and have not been reduced by child support collections. Foster care payments are included from 1971 to 1980. State funds for benefits include benefits under Separate State Programs. Beginning in fiscal year 1984, the cost of certifying AFDC households for food stamps is shown in the food stamp program’s appropriation under the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Administrative costs include: Work Program, ADP, FAMIS, Fraud Control, Child Care administration (through 1996), SAVE and other State and local administrative expenditures.

    ¹ Constant dollar adjustments to 2011 level were made using a CPI-U-RS fiscal year price index.

    ² Includes expenditures for services.

    ³ Administrative expenditures only.

    ⁴ The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 repealed the AFDC program as of July 1, 1997 and replaced it with the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program. Under PRWORA, spending categories are not entirely equivalent to those under AFDC: e.g., administrative expenses under TANF do not include IV-A child care administration (which accounted for 4 percent of 1996 administrative expense).

    Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Financial Systems.

• Table TANF 5. Federal and State TANF Program and Other Related Spending: 2000 – 2011 [In millions of dollars]

  • Fiscal Year	Cash & Work-Based Assistance	Work Activities	Child Care	Transportation	Administration	Systems	Other Expenditures	Total Expenditures
    Federal TANF Grants
    2000	5,444	1,606	1,553	496	1,328	242	2,715	13,384
    2001	4,772	1,983	1,583	522	1,375	223	4,325	14,782
    2002	4,554	2,121	1,572	339	1,339	294	4,368	14,588
    2003	5,820	5,820	1,698	434	1,307	285	4,772	16,254
    2004	4,717	1,613	1,427	354	1,220	251	4,811	14,393
    2005	5,193	1,702	1,279	393	1,277	230	4,089	14,164
    2006	4,926	1,681	1,238	341	1,294	231	3,859	13,570
    2007	4,532	1,678	1,168	354	1,317	236	4,352	13,637
    2008	4,755	1,696	1,622	399	1,305	219	4,478	14,474
    2009	4,504	1,778	1,787	420	1,365	207	5,118	15,179
    2010	6,889	2,578	1,426	445	1,396	206	5,125	18,065
    2011	5,255	1,928	1,352	412	1,313	162	4,761	15,183
    State Maintenance of Effort Expenditures in the TANF AND Separate State Programs
    2000	5,736	895	1,966	166	939	93	1,601	11,398
    2001	5,390	713	1,765	133	958	84	1,694	10,737
    2002	4,854	606	1,932	245	918	65	2,206	10,827
    2003	4,398	662	1,770	109	799	60	2,288	10,086
    2004	5,652	540	1,924	138	772	56	2,346	11,429
    2005	5,546	465	1,918	130	822	48	2,488	11,416
    2006	4,980	683	2,304	131	844	42	3,039	12,024
    2007	4,583	661	2,549	119	904	51	4,418	13,285
    2008	3,894	574	2,614	110	999	55	5,410	13,656
    2009	4,820	581	2,347	127	837	74	6,614	15,399
    2010	3,810	723	2,644	108	835	50	7,020	15,191
    2011	4,350	720	2,606	82	781	48	6,855	15,441
    Total Expenditures
    2000	11,180	2,501	3,519	663	2,267	335	4,316	24,781
    2001	10,163	2,696	3,347	655	2,333	306	6,019	25,520
    2002	9,408	2,727	3,504	584	2,258	359	6,574	25,414
    2003	10,219	2,599	3,468	543	2,106	345	7,060	26,340
    2004	10,368	2,154	3,350	492	1,992	307	7,157	25,821
    2005	10,739	2,167	3,197	523	2,099	278	6,577	25,580
    2006	9,906	2,364	3,542	472	2,138	273	6,898	25,594
    2007	9,115	2,338	3,717	474	2,221	287	8,770	26,922
    2008	8,649	2,270	4,236	510	2,304	274	9,888	28,130
    2009	9,324	2,359	4,134	547	2,202	281	11,732	30,578
    2010	10,699	3,302	4,069	554	2,230	256	12,145	33,255
    2011	9,604	2,648	3,958	494	2,094	210	11,616	30,624

    Note: Administration and Systems, shown separately here in Table TANF 5, can be combined to show total administrative costs, as in Table TANF 4.

    Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Financial Services (available online at http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ofa/resource/tanf-financial-data-fy-2011).

• Table TANF 6. Trends in AFDC/TANF Average Monthly Payments: 1962 – 2011

  • Fiscal Year	Monthly Benefit per Recipient		Average Number of Persons per Family	Monthly Benefit per Family (not reduced by Child Support)		Weighted Average 1 Maximum Benefit (per 3-person Family)
    	Current Dollars	2011 Dollars		Current Dollars	2011 Dollars	Current Dollars	2011 Dollars
    1962	$31	$202	3.9	$121	$785	NA	NA
    1964	32	201	4.1	131	830	NA	NA
    1966	35	213	4.2	146	888	NA	NA
    1967	36	215	4.1	150	889	NA	NA
    1968	40	226	4.1	162	926	NA	NA
    1969	43	238	4.0	173	951	$186 2	$1,026
    1970	46	241	3.9	178	935	194 2	1,019
    1971	48	240	3.8	180	905	201 2	1,009
    1972	51	249	3.6	187	908	205 2	996
    1973	53	246	3.5	187	187	213 2	991
    1974	57	243	3.4	194	831	229 2	981
    1975	63	247	3.3	209	816	243	950
    1976	71	259	3.2	226	825	257	939
    1977	78	265	3.1	241	821	271	923
    1978	83	265	3.0	250	799	284	909
    1979	87	256	3.0	257	755	301	884
    1980	94	249	2.9	274	724	320	847
    1981	96	231	2.9	277	665	326	783
    1982	103	231	2.9	300	675	331	744
    1983	106	229	2.9	311	668	336	723
    1984	110	228	2.9	322	664	352	726
    1985	112	224	2.9	329	656	369	736
    1986	115	225	2.9	339	660	383	746
    1987	123	233	2.9	359	682	393	747
    1988	127	233	2.9	370	678	403	738
    1989	131	231	2.9	381	669	413	724
    1990	135	226	2.9	389	653	420	705
    1991	135	216	2.9	388	623	424	682
    1992	136	213	2.9	389	610	419	657
    1993	131	201	2.8	373	570	414	633
    1994	134	200	2.8	376	564	416	622
    1995	134	197	2.8	377	551	418	612
    1996	135	135	2.8	374	534	419	598
    1997 3	130	181	2.8	362	504	418	582
    1998	130	179	2.7	358	491	429	588
    1999	133	179	2.7	357	481	450	606
    2000	130	170	2.7	349	456	446	583
    2001	134	170	2.6	351	445	448	567
    2002	141	176	2.6	364	454	452	564
    2003	140	170	2.5	354	431	455	554
    2004	145	173	2.5	360	429	462	551
    2005	151	174	2.4	370	426	468	540
    2006	154	171	2.4	372	414	489	544
    2007	160	173	2.4	377	409	499	542
    2008	163	169	2.4	383	398	510	531
    2009	164	171	2.4	389	406	507	530
    2010	164	168	2.4	392	402	572	587
    2011	162	162	2.4	387	387	559	559

    Note: AFDC benefit amounts have not been reduced by child support collections. Constant dollar adjustments to 2011 level were made using a CPI-U-RS fiscal-year price index.

    ¹ The maximum benefit for a 3-person family in each state is weighted by that state’s share of total AFDC/TANF families.

    ² Estimated based on the weighted average benefit for a 4-person family.

    ³ The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 repealed the AFDC program as of July 1, 1997 and replaced it with the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program. Beginning in 1997, average monthly benefits are calculated from case-level data rather than by dividing aggregate expenditures on cash assistance by aggregate caseloads, as in the past. This change was necessary due to uncertainty about the extent to which states may be reporting non-cash basic assistance as well as cash assistance in the expenditure data formerly used to calculate average cash benefits.

    Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Family Assistance, Quarterly Public Assistance Statistics, 1992 & 1993 and earlier years along with unpublished data.

• Table TANF 7. Characteristics of AFDC/TANF Families: Selected Years 1969 – 2011

  • 	May 1969	March 1979	Fiscal year 1
    			1983	1988	1992	1996	2000	2005	2010	2011
    Avg. Family Size (persons)	4.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	2.9	2.8	2.6	2.4	2.4	2.4
    Number of Child Recipients
    One	26.6	42.3	43.4	42.5	42.5	43.9	44.2	49.2	50.4	50.7
    Two	23.0	28.1	29.8	30.2	30.2	29.9	28.4	27.2	27.6	27.4
    Three	17.7	15.6	15.2	15.8	15.5	15.0	15.3	13.6	12.8	12.8
    Four or More	32.5	13.9	10.1	9.9	10.1	9.2	10.1	8.0	7.4	7.7
    Unknown	NA	NA	1.5	1.7	0.7	1.3	2.0	1.9	1.8	1.8
    Families with No Adult in Asst. Unit	10.1	14.6	8.3	9.6	14.8	21.5	34.4	45.5	46.3	46.3
    Child-Only Families 2	–	–	–	–	–	–	32.7	42.6	44.0	43.2
    Families with Non-Recipients	33.1	NA	36.9	36.8	38.9	49.9	–	–	–	–
    Median Months on AFDC/TANF
    Since Most Recent Opening	23.0	29.0	26.0	26.3	22.5	23.6	–	–	–	–
    Presence of Assistance
    Living in Public Housing	12.8	NA	10.0	9.6	9.2	8.8	17.7	18.4	13.1	11.9
    Participating in Food Stamp or Donated Food Program	52.9	75.1	83.0	84.6	87.3	89.3	79.9	81.5	82.4	82.6
    Presence of Income
    With Earnings	NA	12.8	5.7	8.4	7.4	11.1	23.6 3	19.5 3	20.5 3	19.8 3
    No Non-AFDC/TANF Income	56.0	80.6	86.8	79.6	78.9	76.0	71.6 3	75.3 3	75.1 3	76.1 3
    Adult Employment Status (percent of adults)
    Employed	–	–	–	–	6.6	11.3	26.4	23.2	22.3	22.3
    Unemployed	–	–	–	–	–	–	49.2	50.4	46.8	47.8
    Not in Labor Force	–	–	–	–	–	–	24.3	26.4	30.9	29.9
    Adult Women's employment status (percent of adult female recipients):4
    Full-time job	8.2	8.7	1.5	2.2	2.2	4.7	–	–	–	–
    Part-time job	6.3	5.4	3.4	4.2	4.2	5.4	–	–	–	–
    Marital Status (percent of adults)
    Single	–	–	–	–	–	–	65.3	68.8	70.0	71.4
    Married	–	–	–	–	–	–	12.4	10.7	14.4	14.1
    Separated	–	–	–	–	–	–	13.1	11.8	9.6	8.8
    Widowed	–	–	–	–	–	–	0.7	0.6	0.5	0.4
    Divorced	–	–	–	–	–	–	8.5	8.1	5.5	5.2
    Basis for Child's Eligibility (percent children):
    Incapacitated	11.7 5	5.3	3.4	3.7	4.1	4.3	–	–	–	–
    Unemployed	4.6 5	4.1	8.7	6.5	8.2	8.3	–	–	–	–
    Death	5.5 5	2.2	1.8	1.8	1.6	1.6	–	–	–	–
    Divorce or Separation	43.3 5	44.7	38.5	34.6	30.0	24.3	–	–	–	–
    Absent, No Marriage Tie	27.9 5	37.8	44.3	51.9	53.1	58.6	–	–	–	–
    Absent, Other Reason	3.5 5	5.9	5.9	1.6	2.0	2.4	–	–	–	–
    Unknown	–	–	1.7	–	0.9	0.6	–	–	–	–

    Note: Figures are percentages of families/cases unless noted otherwise.

    ¹ Percentages are based on the average monthly TANF caseload during the year. Hawaii and the territories are not included in 1983. Data after 1986 include the territories and Hawaii. Unlike most of the figures in this report, this table does not include families from Separate State Programs (SSP).

    ² Adults that live in TANF families with children are sometimes excluded from the assistance unit because they have been sanctioned, receive disability income from Supplemental Security Income (SSI), have been time-limited, do not qualify based on citizenship requirements, or are non-parental caretakers such as relatives or other adults taking responsibility for the children.

    ³ Presence of income is measured as a percentage of adult recipients (not families) in 1998 and subsequent years.

    ⁴ For years prior to 1983, data are for mothers only.

    ⁵ Calculated on the basis of total number of families.

    Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Family Assistance, unpublished data and Characteristics and Financial Circumstances of TANF Recipients: TANF Annual Report to Congress selected years.

• Table TANF 8. AFDC/TANF Benefits by State: Selected Fiscal Years 1978 – 2011 [In millions of dollars]

  • 	1978	1986	1988	1990	1994	1998	2000	2005	2010	2011
    United States	$10,621	$15,236	$16,663	$18,543	$22,798	$14,614	$11,180	$10,739	$10,785	$9,673
    Alabama	$78	$68	$62	$62	$92	$44	$36	$47	$49	$54
    Alaska	17	46	54	60	113	77	55	41	40	41
    Arizona	30	79	103	138	266	145	107	160	105	87
    Arkansas	51	48	53	57	57	26	34	18	16	16
    California	1,813	3,574	4,091	4,955	6,088	4,128	3,643	3,504	3,971	3,741
    Colorado	74	107	125	137	158	80	48	75	71	78
    Connecticut	168	223	218	295	397	305	166	126	93	90
    Delaware	28	25	24	29	40	24	20	19	13	27
    Dist. of Columbia	91	77	76	84	126	97	72	66	53	67
    Florida	145	261	318	418	806	357	234	184	187	172
    Georgia	103	223	266	321	428	313	180	117	48	51
    Hawaii	83	73	77	99	163	153	141	82	73	74
    Idaho	21	19	19	20	30	6	3	7	6	5
    Illinois	699	886	815	839	914	771	269	122	72	106
    Indiana	118	148	167	170	228	104	87	113	92	72
    Iowa	107	170	155	152	169	104	79	76	70	69
    Kansas	73	91	97	105	123	41	43	65	50	56
    Kentucky	122	104	143	179	198	147	104	105	130	105
    Louisiana	97	162	182	188	168	103	58	51	41	83
    Maine	51	84	80	101	108	80	73	90	98	102
    Maryland	166	250	250	296	314	192	196	124	124	89
    Massachusetts	476	471	558	630	730	442	336	332	337	337
    Michigan	780	1,248	1,231	1,211	1,132	589	386	412	546	186
    Minnesota	164	322	338	355	379	276	193	137	96	95
    Mississippi	33	74	85	86	82	60	18	27	20	20
    Missouri	152	209	215	228	287	180	139	125	113	98
    Montana	15	37	41	40	49	30	21	20	18	17
    Nebraska	38	62	56	59	62	41	41	54	35	31
    Nevada	8	16	20	27	48	39	28	33	42	45
    New Hampshire	21	20	21	32	62	39	32	35	44	43
    New Jersey	489	509	459	451	531	372	222	441	266	235
    New Mexico	32	51	56	61	144	104	113	75	96	81
    New York	1,689	2,099	2,140	2,259	2,913	2,149	1,554	1,762	1,668	1,444
    North Carolina	138	138	206	247	353	211	140	108	75	58
    North Dakota	14	20	22	24	26	22	12	11	8	7
    Ohio	441	804	805	877	1,016	546	368	316	506	440
    Oklahoma	74	100	119	132	165	72	78	33	24	22
    Oregon	148	120	128	145	197	141	34	105	208	168
    Pennsylvania	726	389	747	798	935	523	573	407	202	189
    Rhode Island	59	79	82	99	136	117	105	72	40	36
    South Carolina	52	103	91	96	115	52	91	73	46	37
    South Dakota	18	15	21	22	25	14	10	12	16	15
    Tennessee	77	100	125	168	215	108	146	121	134	131
    Texas	122	281	344	416	544	315	248	181	107	104
    Utah	41	55	61	64	77	50	40	45	37	31
    Vermont	21	40	40	48	65	47	39	36	17	17
    Virginia	136	179	169	177	253	123	186	143	123	120
    Washington	175	375	401	438	610	450	312	262	373	307
    West Virginia	53	109	107	110	126	52	49	43	43	34
    Wisconsin	260	444	506	440	425	145	7	115	130	128
    Wyoming	6	16	19	19	21	7	9	7	11	14

    Note: Benefits refers to total cash benefits paid, (see Table TANF 4) but does not include emergency assistance or contingency fund payments.

    Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Program Support, Office of Management Services, ACF-196 TANF Report and ACF-231 AFDC Line by Line Report; www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ofa/resource/tanf-financial-data-fy-2011.

• Table TANF 9. Comparison of Federal Funding for AFDC and Related Programs And 2011 Total Family Assistance Grants Awarded Under PRWORA. [In millions of dollars]

  • State	FY 1996 Grants for AFDC, EA & JOBS 1	FY 2011 Family Assistance Grants & Supplemental 2	FY 2011 Contingency Fund Awards 3	FY 2011 Total Awards	Change from FY 1996 Level To FY 2011	Percent Increase from FY 1996 Level
    United States	$15,067	$16,518	$332	$16,850	$1,783	12
    Alabama	$79.0	$100.7	—	$100.7	$21.7	27
    Alaska	60.7	49.8	—	49.8	-10.9	-18
    Arizona	200.6	216.0	10.0	226.0	25.3	13
    Arkansas	54.3	60.8	2.8	63.7	9.4	17
    California	3,545.6	3,659.4	—	3,659.4	113.8	3
    Colorado	138.9	145.0	6.8	151.8	12.9	9
    Connecticut	221.1	266.8	—	266.8	45.7	21
    Delaware	30.2	32.3	1.6	33.9	3.7	12
    Dist. of Columbia	77.1	92.6	4.6	97.2	20.1	26
    Florida	504.7	602.3	—	602.3	97.6	19
    Georgia	301.2	355.4	—	355.4	54.2	18
    Hawaii	98.4	98.9	4.9	103.9	5.5	6
    Idaho	31.3	32.7	—	32.7	1.4	5
    Illinois	593.8	585.1	—	585.1	-8.8	-1
    Indiana	121.4	206.8	—	206.8	85.4	70
    Iowa	129.3	131.0	—	131.0	1.7	1
    Kansas	86.9	101.9	5.1	107.0	20.1	23
    Kentucky	171.6	181.3	—	181.3	9.6	6
    Louisiana	122.4	175.2	—	175.2	52.9	43
    Maine	73.2	78.1	—	78.1	4.9	7
    Maryland	207.6	229.1	11.5	240.6	32.9	16
    Massachusetts	372.0	459.4	23.0	482.3	110.3	30
    Michigan	581.5	775.4	38.8	814.1	232.6	40
    Minnesota	239.3	263.4	—	263.4	24.1	10
    Mississippi	68.6	92.7	—	92.7	24.1	35
    Missouri	207.9	217.1	—	217.1	9.2	4
    Montana	39.2	38.8	—	38.8	-0.4	-1
    Nebraska	56.2	57.5	—	57.5	1.3	2
    Nevada	41.2	46.4	2.2	48.6	7.3	18
    New Hampshire	36.0	38.5	—	38.5	2.5	7
    New Jersey	353.4	404.0	20.2	424.2	70.9	20
    New Mexico	129.9	114.9	5.5	120.4	-9.5	-7
    New York	2,332.7	2,442.9	122.1	2,565.1	232.4	10
    North Carolina	311.9	326.1	15.1	341.2	29.3	9
    North Dakota	24.5	26.4	—	26.4	1.9	8
    Ohio	564.5	728.0	—	728.0	163.5	29
    Oklahoma	125.1	145.3	—	145.3	20.2	16
    Oregon	146.4	166.8	8.3	175.1	28.7	20
    Pennsylvania	780.1	719.5	—	719.5	-60.6	-8
    Rhode Island	82.9	95.0	—	95.0	12.2	15
    South Carolina	99.4	100.0	5.0	105.0	5.5	6
    South Dakota	19.7	21.3	—	21.3	1.5	8
    Tennessee	178.9	205.8	9.6	215.4	36.4	20
    Texas	437.1	521.1	—	521.1	84.0	19
    Utah	68.0	81.4	—	81.4	13.4	20
    Vermont	42.4	47.4	—	47.4	5.0	12
    Virginia	134.6	158.3	—	158.3	23.6	18
    Washington	393.2	380.5	19.0	399.6	6.4	2
    West Virginia	95.1	110.2	—	110.2	15.0	16
    Wisconsin	241.6	314.5	15.7	330.2	88.7	37
    Wyoming	14.4	18.5	—	18.5	4.1	28

    ¹ Includes Administration and FAMIS but excludes IV-A child care. AFDC benefits include the Federal share of child support collections to be comparable to the Family Assistance Grant. The 1996 figures have been revised since earlier versions of this report, to reflect upward revisions in states' reports of expenditures on the JOBS program.

    ² The FY 2011 Family Assistance Grants and Supplemental differs from the previous edition and does not include the Tribal Family Assistance Grants.

    ³ Includes Contingency Fund Grants but not penalties assessed nor does it include Emergency Contingency Funds.

    Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Financial Services.

• Table TANF 10. AFDC/TANF Caseload by State: October 1989 to December 2011 Peak [In thousands]

  • State	Peak Caseload Oct‘89 to Dec‘11	Date Peak Occurred Oct’89 to Dec‘11	Sept’96 AFDC Caseload	Dec ‘11 TANF & SSP Caseload	Percent Decline f from Sept’96 to Dec‘11	Percent Decline from the Peak to Dec‘11
    United States	5,098	Mar-94	4,346	1,904	56	63
    Alabama	52.3	Mar-93	40.7	23.2	43	56
    Alaska	13.4	Apr-94	12.3	3.7	70	72
    Arizona	72.8	Dec-93	61.8	18.3	70	75
    Arkansas	27.1	Mar-92	22.1	8.1	63	70
    California	933.1	Mar-95	870.3	602.0	31	35
    Colorado	43.7	Dec-93	33.6	11.9	64	73
    Connecticut	61.9	Mar-95	57.1	16.5	71	73
    Delaware	11.8	Apr-94	10.5	5.5	47	53
    Dist. of Columbia	27.5	Apr-94	25.1	8.8	65	68
    Florida	259.9	Nov-92	200.3	55.1	72	79
    Georgia	142.8	Nov-93	120.9	19.9	84	86
    Hawaii	23.4	Jun-97	21.9	10.0	54	57
    Idaho	9.5	Mar-95	8.4	1.9	78	80
    Illinois	243.1	Aug-94	217.8	28.5	87	88
    Indiana	76.1	Sep-93	49.7	27.9	44	63
    Iowa	40.7	Apr-94	31.1	20.9	33	49
    Kansas	30.8	Aug-93	23.4	14.9	36	52
    Kentucky	84.0	Mar-93	70.4	30.9	56	63
    Louisiana	94.7	May-90	66.5	10.5	84	89
    Maine	24.4	Aug-93	19.7	15.5	22	36
    Maryland	81.8	May-95	68.9	25.3	63	69
    Massachusetts	115.7	Aug-93	84.3	50.5	40	56
    Michigan	233.6	Apr-91	167.5	66.2	60	72
    Minnesota	66.2	Jun-92	57.2	24.8	57	63
    Mississippi	61.8	Nov-91	45.2	11.8	74	81
    Missouri	93.7	Mar-94	79.1	39.2	50	58
    Montana	12.3	Mar-94	9.8	3.5	64	72
    Nebraska	17.2	Mar-93	14.4	8.1	44	53
    Nevada	16.3	Mar-95	13.2	10.8	18	34
    New Hampshire	11.8	Apr-94	8.9	6.0	32	49
    New Jersey	132.6	Nov-92	100.8	34.9	65	74
    New Mexico	34.9	Nov-94	33.0	20.4	38	42
    New York	463.7	Dec-94	412.7	157.6	62	66
    North Carolina	134.1	Mar-94	107.5	22.9	79	83
    North Dakota	6.6	Apr-93	4.7	1.8	61	72
    Ohio	269.8	Mar-92	201.9	99.5	51	63
    Oklahoma	51.3	Mar-93	35.3	9.0	75	83
    Oregon	43.8	Apr-93	28.5	33.6	-18	23
    Pennsylvania	212.5	Sep-94	180.1	59.9	67	72
    Rhode Island	22.9	Apr-94	20.5	6.5	68	71
    South Carolina	54.6	Jan-93	42.9	17.8	58	67
    South Dakota	7.4	Apr-93	5.7	3.3	43	56
    Tennessee	112.6	Nov-93	96.2	62.2	35	45
    Texas	287.5	Dec-93	238.8	49.6	79	83
    Utah	18.7	Mar-93	14.0	6.2	56	67
    Vermont	10.3	Apr-92	8.7	3.3	62	68
    Virginia	76.0	Apr-94	60.5	36.0	40	53
    Washington	104.8	Feb-95	96.8	62.9	35	40
    West Virginia	41.9	Apr-93	37.6	10.4	72	75
    Wisconsin	82.9	Jan-92	49.9	26.2	48	68
    Wyoming	7.1	Aug-92	4.3	0.3	93	96

    Note: these data do not include Tribal TANF families (about 15,000 in number in FY 2011). This makes little difference nationally, but in States like Wyoming, New Mexico, and Arizona, their exclusion under TANF overstates the real decline from AFDC years.

    Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Family Assistance, Division of Data Collection and Analysis; http://archive.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ofa/data-reports/caseload/caseload_c....

• Table TANF 11. Average Monthly AFDC/TANF Recipients by State: Selected Fiscal Years [In thousands]

  • 	1965	1970	1980	1990	1995	2000	2005	2010	2011	Percent Change
    										1995-05	2005-11
    United States	4,323	7,415	10,597	11,460	13,659	6,324	5,118	4,573	4,600	-60	-10
    Alabama	78	123	180	130	118	46	48	51	56	-54	17
    Alaska	5	8	15	20	37	22	12	9	10	-67	-17
    Arizona	40	51	51	124	190	87	99	70	41	-42	-58
    Arkansas	30	45	85	71	63	29	19	19	18	-68	-2
    California	528	1,148	1,387	1,902	2,680	1,574	1,256	1,416	1,475	-52	17
    Colorado	42	66	77	102	109	29	38	29	31	-61	-20
    Connecticut	59	83	139	120	171	73	53	34	32	-67	-39
    Delaware	12	20	32	21	25	13	13	15	16	-44	20
    Dist. of Columbia	20	40	85	49	73	47	43	20	24	-39	-43
    Florida	106	204	256	370	622	158	112	107	99	-80	-12
    Georgia	71	198	221	293	383	129	91	38	37	-74	-59
    Guam	1	2	5	4	8	10	11	3	3	37	-71
    Hawaii	14	25	60	44	66	75	31	28	30	-53	-5
    Idaho	10	16	21	17	24	2	3	3	3	-86	-14
    Illinois	26	368	672	636	696	256	98	62	83	-85	-16
    Indiana	48	73	157	154	189	103	136	89	66	-8	-51
    Iowa	44	64	104	98	101	54	52	56	54	-41	3
    Kansas	36	53	68	77	80	32	46	38	38	-33	-16
    Kentucky	81	129	167	175	189	89	75	61	63	-57	-16
    Louisiana	104	202	213	282	251	75	37	24	24	-84	-36
    Maine	19	36	60	56	60	32	32	38	40	-42	23
    Maryland	80	131	212	186	223	77	64	59	62	-68	-4
    Massachusetts	94	208	350	263	274	102	104	111	99	-56	-5
    Michigan	162	253	685	655	598	207	215	179	173	-59	-19
    Minnesota	51	76	135	171	180	116	87	52	54	-49	-38
    Mississippi	83	115	173	179	144	34	35	26	25	-73	-28
    Missouri	107	140	199	211	254	131	118	94	94	-49	-20
    Montana	7	13	19	29	34	13	12	10	9	-61	-29
    Nebraska	16	30	35	43	41	28	33	21	20	-16	-41
    Nevada	5	12	12	23	41	16	19	26	28	-49	46
    New Hampshire	4	9	22	16	28	14	15	13	13	-39	-13
    New Jersey	104	286	459	309	316	138	114	79	84	-61	-26
    New Mexico	30	51	53	57	104	72	45	52	52	-55	16
    New York	517	1,052	1,100	981	1,256	724	490	388	395	-59	-19
    North Carolina	111	124	198	223	313	100	68	47	44	-76	-35
    North Dakota	8	11	13	16	14	8	7	5	5	-45	-37
    Ohio	183	266	513	632	612	245	179	237	225	-67	26
    Oklahoma	73	95	89	112	124	36	28	21	20	-73	-27
    Oregon	31	75	102	89	104	39	44	78	89	-49	100
    Pennsylvania	303	426	629	521	596	250	253	126	146	-53	-42
    Puerto Rico	202	223	168	190	168	92	42	36	41	-73	-1
    Rhode Island	24	38	52	46	61	50	35	17	15	-41	-55
    South Carolina	30	52	153	111	129	41	43	43	42	-64	-3
    South Dakota	11	16	20	19	17	7	6	7	7	-63	12
    Tennessee	76	129	162	211	276	147	191	161	159	-27	-17
    Texas	91	214	308	611	743	342	214	115	113	-69	-47
    Utah	22	33	37	45	46	23	23	19	16	-43	-30
    Vermont	5	12	23	22	27	16	13	7	8	-50	-39
    Virgin Islands	1	2	3	3	5	3	1	1	1	-72	-5
    Virginia	46	87	166	151	184	75	87	84	79	-46	-9
    Washington	71	109	154	228	286	168	144	170	149	-47	3
    West Virginia	116	93	77	111	105	32	31	22	24	-68	-23
    Wisconsin	45	79	213	237	209	40	49	51	63	-71	29
    Wyoming	4	5	7	14	15	1	1	1	1	-96	9

    Note: Recipients in 2000 and beyond include both TANF and SSP recipients.

    Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Family Assistance (available online at www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ofa/programs/tanf/data-reports).

• Table TANF 12. AFDC/TANF Recipiency Rates for Total Population by State: Selected Fiscal Years [In percent]

  • 	1965	1970	1980	1990	1995	2000	2005	2011	Percent Change
    									1996-05	2005-11
    United States	2.1	3.5	4.6	4.5	5.1	2.2	1.7	1.5	-63	-15
    Alabama	2.2	3.6	4.6	3.2	2.7	1.0	1.1	1.2	-56	11
    Alaska	1.8	2.6	3.7	3.7	6.1	3.6	1.8	1.4	-70	-23
    Arizona	2.6	2.9	1.9	3.4	4.3	1.7	1.7	0.6	-55	-62
    Arkansas	1.5	2.3	3.7	3.0	2.5	1.1	0.7	0.6	-70	-7
    California	2.9	5.7	5.8	6.3	8.5	4.6	3.5	3.9	-57	12
    Colorado	2.2	3.0	2.6	3.1	2.8	0.7	0.8	0.6	-67	-28
    Connecticut	2.1	2.7	4.5	3.6	5.1	2.1	1.5	0.9	-69	-40
    Delaware	2.4	3.6	5.4	3.2	3.4	1.7	1.6	1.7	-51	12
    Dist. of Columbia	2.5	5.3	13.3	8.1	12.6	8.2	7.4	3.9	-40	-47
    Florida	1.8	3.0	2.6	2.8	4.3	1.0	0.6	0.5	-83	-18
    Georgia	1.6	4.3	4.0	4.5	5.2	1.6	1.0	0.4	-78	-63
    Hawaii	1.9	3.2	6.2	3.9	5.5	6.1	2.5	2.2	-56	-11
    Idaho	1.4	2.2	2.2	1.6	2.0	0.2	0.2	0.2	-88	-22
    Illinois	2.5	3.3	5.9	5.6	5.8	2.1	0.8	0.6	-86	-17
    Indiana	1.0	1.4	2.9	2.8	3.2	1.7	2.2	1.0	-14	-53
    Iowa	1.6	2.3	3.6	3.5	3.5	1.9	1.8	1.8	-43	-1
    Kansas	1.6	2.4	2.9	3.1	3.1	1.2	1.7	1.3	-36	-20
    Kentucky	2.5	4.0	4.6	4.7	4.9	2.2	1.8	1.4	-60	-19
    Louisiana	2.9	5.6	5.0	6.7	5.7	1.7	0.8	0.5	-85	-36
    Maine	1.9	3.6	5.4	4.5	4.8	2.5	2.5	3.0	-45	22
    Maryland	2.2	3.3	5.0	3.9	4.4	1.5	1.2	1.1	-71	-8
    Massachusetts	1.8	3.7	6.1	4.4	4.5	1.6	1.6	1.5	-58	-8
    Michigan	2.0	2.9	7.4	7.0	6.2	2.1	2.1	1.8	-60	-18
    Minnesota	1.4	2.0	3.3	3.9	3.9	2.3	1.7	1.0	-53	-40
    Mississippi	3.6	5.2	6.9	6.9	5.3	1.2	1.2	0.8	-75	-30
    Missouri	2.4	3.0	4.0	4.1	4.7	2.3	2.0	1.6	-52	-23
    Montana	1.0	1.9	2.4	3.6	3.9	1.4	1.3	0.9	-63	-33
    Nebraska	1.1	2.0	2.2	2.7	2.5	1.6	1.9	1.1	-20	-43
    Nevada	1.2	2.4	1.5	1.9	2.6	0.8	0.8	1.0	-65	30
    New Hampshire	0.7	1.2	2.4	1.5	2.4	1.1	1.1	1.0	-45	-14
    New Jersey	1.5	4.0	6.2	4.0	3.9	1.6	1.3	0.9	-63	-28
    New Mexico	3.0	5.0	4.1	3.8	6.0	4.0	2.4	2.5	-59	7
    New York	2.9	5.8	6.3	5.4	6.8	3.8	2.5	2.0	-60	-21
    North Carolina	2.2	2.4	3.4	3.4	4.3	1.2	0.8	0.5	-79	-41
    North Dakota	1.2	1.7	2.0	2.4	2.2	1.2	1.2	0.7	-45	-40
    Ohio	1.8	2.5	4.8	5.8	5.5	2.2	1.6	2.0	-68	25
    Oklahoma	3.0	3.7	2.9	3.6	3.7	1.0	0.8	0.5	-75	-32
    Oregon	1.6	3.6	3.9	3.1	3.3	1.1	1.2	2.3	-54	87
    Pennsylvania	2.6	3.6	5.3	4.4	4.9	2.0	2.1	1.1	-54	-44
    Rhode Island	2.7	4.0	5.5	4.6	6.0	4.7	3.2	1.5	-43	-54
    South Carolina	1.2	2.0	4.9	3.2	3.4	1.0	1.0	0.9	-68	-11
    South Dakota	1.6	2.4	2.9	2.7	2.3	0.9	0.8	0.8	-64	6
    Tennessee	2.0	3.3	3.5	4.3	5.2	2.6	3.2	2.5	-34	-22
    Texas	0.9	1.9	2.1	3.6	3.9	1.6	0.9	0.4	-73	-53
    Utah	2.2	3.1	2.5	2.6	2.3	1.0	0.9	0.6	-52	-39
    Vermont	1.4	2.6	4.4	3.9	4.6	2.7	2.0	1.2	-53	-39
    Virginia	1.0	1.9	3.1	2.4	2.8	1.1	1.2	1.0	-52	-15
    Washington	2.4	3.2	3.7	4.7	5.2	2.8	2.3	2.2	-53	-5
    West Virginia	6.4	5.3	4.0	6.2	5.7	1.8	1.7	1.3	-67	-25
    Wisconsin	1.1	1.8	4.5	4.8	4.0	0.8	0.9	1.1	-73	25
    Wyoming	1.1	1.5	1.4	3.1	3.0	0.2	0.1	0.1	-96	-1

    Note: Recipiency rate refers to the average monthly number of AFDC recipients in each state during the given fiscal year expressed as a percent of the total resident population as of July 1 of that year. The numerators are from Table TANF 11.

    Sources: U. S. Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Census Bureau (resident population by state available online at http://www.census.gov/popest/data/state/totals/2012/index.html.

• Table TANF 13. Average Number of AFDC/TANF Child Recipients by State: Selected Fiscal Years [In thousands]

  • 	1965	1970	1980	1990	1995	2000	2005	2010	2011	Percent Change
    										1995-00	2000-11
    United States	3,242	5,483	7,320	7,755	9,280	4,598	3,818	3,421	3,435	-56	-10
    Alabama	62	96	129	93	87	37	37	38	42	-53	11
    Alaska	4	6	10	13	24	15	8	6	7	-65	-17
    Arizona	31	39	38	87	130	66	73	53	30	-38	-59
    Arkansas	23	34	62	51	45	22	14	14	13	-66	-9
    California	391	816	932	1,294	1,833	1,163	1,002	1,104	1,145	-44	14
    Colorado	33	50	53	69	74	22	28	22	23	-59	-18
    Connecticut	43	62	97	81	114	50	37	24	23	-66	-37
    Delaware	9	15	22	14	17	9	10	9	10	-38	-1
    Dist. of Columbia	16	31	59	34	51	34	32	14	18	-33	-43
    Florida	85	160	184	264	432	124	91	86	80	-77	-11
    Georgia	54	150	161	206	269	101	74	34	33	-70	-55
    Guam	1	1	4	3	5	1	2	3	2	-67	27
    Hawaii	10	18	40	29	43	50	21	19	20	-53	-5
    Idaho	7	11	14	11	16	2	3	2	3	-83	-4
    Illinois	202	283	473	436	478	193	78	55	69	-83	-12
    Indiana	36	55	111	105	129	74	102	66	50	-2	-51
    Iowa	32	46	69	64	66	36	34	38	37	-43	8
    Kansas	28	41	49	52	55	23	31	25	26	-35	-18
    Kentucky	58	93	118	117	128	64	56	48	50	-53	-12
    Louisiana	79	157	156	199	173	59	31	20	20	-81	-36
    Maine	14	26	40	35	38	22	22	25	26	-38	20
    Maryland	61	100	145	124	152	56	47	43	44	-66	-5
    Massachusetts	71	153	228	168	176	73	72	75	66	-53	-9
    Michigan	119	190	460	427	398	153	157	129	124	-56	-21
    Minnesota	39	58	91	110	121	81	61	39	41	-47	-34
    Mississippi	66	93	128	129	106	27	26	19	18	-73	-30
    Missouri	82	106	135	139	175	94	81	64	64	-50	-20
    Montana	6	10	13	19	22	9	8	7	6	-59	-26
    Nebraska	12	23	25	29	29	20	23	17	16	-18	-31
    Nevada	4	9	8	16	29	12	14	20	21	-47	42
    New Hampshire	3	7	15	11	18	10	10	9	9	-36	-9
    New Jersey	79	209	318	213	213	102	81	56	58	-58	-28
    New Mexico	23	39	35	37	67	51	32	37	37	-50	16
    New York	380	759	759	658	811	491	343	282	286	-56	-17
    North Carolina	83	94	141	152	211	76	54	40	37	-72	-31
    North Dakota	6	8	9	10	10	5	5	4	4	-43	-32
    Ohio	136	198	348	414	415	180	136	171	164	-64	20
    Oklahoma	55	71	65	77	86	28	22	17	16	-70	-26
    Oregon	23	52	65	60	71	29	33	54	60	-45	82
    Pennsylvania	217	307	432	345	403	184	179	94	108	-51	-40
    Puerto Rico	161	166	118	130	114	64	29	24	27	-72	-6
    Rhode Island	18	27	36	30	41	34	24	12	11	-38	-56
    South Carolina	24	40	109	80	96	32	32	33	32	-64	-2
    South Dakota	8	12	15	13	12	5	5	6	6	-57	13
    Tennessee	58	99	115	144	190	107	136	116	114	-25	-16
    Texas	68	162	225	428	522	252	172	99	97	-65	-44
    Utah	16	23	24	31	31	16	17	12	11	-39	-32
    Vermont	4	8	14	14	17	10	8	5	5	-49	-34
    Virgin Islands	1	2	2	2	3	2	1	1	1	-71	-9
    Virginia	35	66	116	104	128	55	61	59	57	-47	-7
    Washington	50	76	97	148	184	115	101	118	104	-43	3
    West Virginia	80	65	58	68	67	22	22	16	17	-65	-23
    Wisconsin	34	60	142	158	146	34	39	40	48	-68	22
    Wyoming	3	4	5	9	10	1	0	1	1	-95	5

    Note: From FY 2000 onward, TANF child recipients include both TANF and SSP child recipients.

    Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Family Assistance (available online at www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ofa/programs/tanf/data-reports).

• Table TANF 14. AFDC/TANF Recipiency Rates for Children by State: Selected Fiscal Years 1965 – 2011 [In percent]

  • 	1965	1970	1980	1990	1995	2000	2005	2011	Percent Change
    									1996-05	2005-11
    United States	4.4	7.6	11.3	11.9	13.4	6.3	5.2	4.6	-58	-11
    Alabama	4.6	7.7	11.1	8.8	8.0	3.3	3.4	3.7	-55	11
    Alaska	3.1	5.0	8.0	7.4	12.6	7.9	4.4	3.6	-64	-18
    Arizona	4.8	6.0	4.8	8.6	11.0	4.8	4.7	1.8	-50	-62
    Arkansas	3.1	5.2	9.3	8.2	7.0	3.2	2.1	1.8	-67	-11
    California	6.0	12.3	14.6	16.2	20.9	12.6	10.6	12.4	-47	16
    Colorado	4.4	6.4	6.5	7.8	7.6	2.0	2.4	1.8	-65	-23
    Connecticut	4.4	6.1	11.8	10.8	14.4	6.0	4.4	2.8	-68	-34
    Delaware	4.7	7.5	13.4	8.7	9.6	4.8	4.9	4.7	-46	-2
    Dist. of Columbia	6.0	13.8	40.9	30.7	44.6	30.1	28.4	17.5	-31	-42
    Florida	4.3	7.6	7.8	8.8	12.9	3.4	2.3	2.0	-80	-12
    Georgia	3.2	9.1	9.8	11.8	14.0	4.6	3.1	1.3	-75	-58
    Hawaii	3.6	6.5	14.5	10.5	14.2	17.1	7.2	6.5	-52	-7
    Idaho	2.7	4.2	4.7	3.6	4.7	0.5	0.7	0.6	-85	-12
    Illinois	5.3	7.5	14.6	14.8	15.3	6.0	2.4	2.2	-83	-9
    Indiana	2.0	3.0	6.9	7.3	8.7	4.7	6.5	3.2	-8	-51
    Iowa	3.2	4.7	8.4	8.8	9.1	4.9	4.8	5.1	-42	7
    Kansas	3.5	5.4	7.5	7.9	8.0	3.2	4.5	3.6	-36	-20
    Kentucky	4.9	8.3	10.9	12.4	13.1	6.5	5.6	4.9	-55	-13
    Louisiana	5.5	11.3	11.8	16.5	14.1	4.8	2.7	1.8	-80	-32
    Maine	3.9	7.7	12.5	11.5	12.4	7.3	7.6	9.7	-36	30
    Maryland	4.6	7.3	12.4	10.6	12.0	4.1	3.4	3.3	-69	-3
    Massachusetts	3.8	8.1	15.3	12.4	12.3	4.8	4.9	4.7	-53	-5
    Michigan	3.7	5.8	16.7	17.4	15.7	5.9	6.3	5.4	-55	-13
    Minnesota	2.9	4.2	7.7	9.4	9.8	6.3	4.9	3.2	-49	-34
    Mississippi	7.0	11.1	15.7	17.6	14.0	3.5	3.4	2.4	-73	-29
    Missouri	5.2	6.9	9.9	10.6	12.7	6.6	5.7	4.6	-51	-20
    Montana	2.0	4.0	5.7	8.4	9.5	3.7	3.8	2.8	-58	-27
    Nebraska	2.3	4.4	5.5	6.8	6.5	4.3	5.1	3.4	-17	-33
    Nevada	2.5	5.2	3.8	5.0	7.3	2.3	2.3	3.1	-63	31
    New Hampshire	1.4	2.6	5.8	3.9	6.2	3.1	3.3	3.3	-39	-0
    New Jersey	3.4	8.8	16.0	11.7	10.8	4.9	3.9	2.9	-61	-25
    New Mexico	5.2	9.5	8.5	8.3	13.5	10.0	6.5	7.2	-51	12
    New York	6.3	13.0	16.2	15.4	17.9	10.5	7.5	6.7	-55	-12
    North Carolina	4.4	5.3	8.5	9.3	11.7	3.9	2.5	1.6	-76	-36
    North Dakota	2.3	3.6	4.7	6.0	5.7	3.4	3.6	2.3	-35	-34
    Ohio	3.6	5.3	11.2	14.9	14.6	6.2	4.9	6.1	-64	26
    Oklahoma	6.4	8.5	7.6	9.1	9.8	3.1	2.5	1.8	-70	-30
    Oregon	3.3	7.4	9.0	8.1	8.8	3.4	3.9	6.9	-48	79
    Pennsylvania	5.5	8.0	13.8	12.3	13.9	6.3	6.3	3.9	-51	-38
    Rhode Island	5.9	9.1	14.7	13.4	17.1	13.5	10.1	4.9	-39	-52
    South Carolina	2.3	4.2	11.6	8.7	10.1	3.1	3.1	2.9	-67	-6
    South Dakota	3.1	5.0	7.1	6.7	6.0	2.7	2.6	2.8	-56	9
    Tennessee	4.2	7.5	8.9	11.8	14.5	7.7	9.5	7.6	-31	-19
    Texas	1.7	4.1	5.2	8.7	9.7	4.3	2.7	1.4	-69	-49
    Utah	3.7	5.4	4.4	4.9	4.5	2.3	2.1	1.3	-46	-41
    Vermont	2.7	5.4	9.9	9.5	11.5	7.0	5.9	4.2	-46	-27
    Virginia	2.2	4.1	7.9	6.8	7.9	3.1	3.4	3.0	-52	-9
    Washington	4.7	6.5	8.5	11.3	13.0	7.6	6.7	6.6	-46	-1
    West Virginia	12.2	11.2	10.4	15.7	15.7	5.5	5.6	4.4	-62	-21
    Wisconsin	2.2	3.8	10.5	12.1	10.8	2.5	2.9	3.6	-68	24
    Wyoming	2.1	3.2	3.4	7.0	7.5	0.7	0.4	0.4	-94	-3

    Note: Recipiency rate refers to the average monthly number of AFDC child recipients in each State during the given fiscal year as a percent of the resident population under 18 years of age as of July 1 of that year. The numerators are from Table TANF 13.

    Sources: U. S. Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Census Bureau (resident population by state and age available online at http://www.census.gov/popest/data/state/totals/2012/index.html.