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National Kidney Disease Education Program (NKDEP) Evaluation Survey
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This study measured the impact of intervention to increase awareness of the seriousness of kidney disease and the availability of effective treatments to prevent or slow kidney failure in a high-risk African- American population in four pilot cities in the U.S. Prior to launching a national education campaign, the National Kidney Disease Education Program (NKDEP) conducted pilot-site interventions to refine and test campaign strategy. Lessons learned from the pilot site initiatives were used to develop and refine the campaign for a broader national program. The campaigns focused on four cities: Jackson, MS, Cleveland, OH, Atlanta, GA, and Baltimore, MD. The targets include (1) African-Americans at risk for kidney disease, specifically those who have diabetes, hypertension, or a family history of kidney failure; and (2) primary care providers, specifically general internists, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants who treat African-American clients. This evaluation was a pre- and post-intervention comparison with a control site. The evaluation used Office of Management and Budget (OMB)-approved surveys, via telephone and fax, to collect the data. The outcome-centered evaluation assessed changes in knowledge, beliefs, awareness and practices about kidney disease among the target audiences in the intervention sites. Several key findings emerged. African-Americans identified kidney disease as a serious problem but did not know the risk factors for it, particularly familial risk, or the fact that laboratory testing was needed for detection.
Primary providers knew the major risks, and said they tested regularly. They also believed that treatment of early kidney disease was effective. However, they misinterpreted a standard laboratory test, using the serum creatinine. This has led to our efforts to provide better interpretation of that test. There were no clear differences pre- and post-comparison in the pilot or control sites. Nevertheless, the baseline data have had major effects on our activity, e.g. emphasis on risk factors including familial and better reporting of lab tests.
PIC ID: 7923; Agency Sponsor: NIH, National Institutes of Health; Federal Contact: Gladstone, Elisa, 301- 435-8116; Performer: Equals Three Communications, Bethesda, MD
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Assessment of Diabetic Eye Disease Education and Resource Needs of Pharmacists
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Diabetes has reached epidemic proportions in the United States and prevalence rates are expected to increase over the coming years. Most people with diabetes develop diabetes complications, one of which is diabetic eye disease, particularly diabetic retinopathy. The National Eye Institute (NEI) conducted a series of discussion groups with pharmacists to determine their needs regarding diabetic eye disease education, and what resources and materials would be most useful to pharmacists and their patients.
Pharmacists have the potential to educate their patients about the complications of diabetes, specifically about diabetic eye disease and glaucoma, but only if they are themselves educated about these diseases. Because language and health literacy were identified as barriers, careful consideration should be given to the wording used in any products developed. Content and calls to action must be written simply and clearly. Pharmacists also suggested that the National Eye Health Education Program (NEHEP) collaborate with pharmacy associations and organizations to create a free Continuing Education (CE) course on diabetic eye disease. Printed materials could also be distributed to pharmacists after they complete the CE course.
PIC ID: 8202; Agency Sponsor: NIH-NEI, National Eye Institute; Federal Contact: Janiszewski, Rosemary, 301-496-5248; Performer: ORC Macro, Calverton, MD
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Diabetes: A National Plan for Action
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Diabetes: A National Plan for Action is the latest initiative sponsored by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to address diabetes prevention, detection, and treatment. Prompted by the Secretary’s commitment to disease prevention and health promotion, together with efforts of individuals and organizations-including the American Diabetes Association, Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International, American Association of Diabetes Educators, and other professional associations-the national action plan utilizes a comprehensive action-oriented approach to identify activities among relevant stakeholders to improve diabetes prevention, detection, and care. This document is designed to:
(1) Reduce the prevalence of diabetes and factors that increase the risk of diabetes; (2) Promote improved diabetes detection, monitoring, and treatment; (3) Reduce the complications of diabetes. The plan seeks to raise national awareness of existing resources, facilitate and coordinate efforts, and leverage resources for the prevention, detection, and treatment of diabetes. In addition, the plan outlines steps individual Americans can take to help prevent or delay type 2 diabetes, together with recommendations persons already diagnosed with diabetes can use to prevent or delay complications from the disease. However, individual action alone is not sufficient for addressing diabetes. The plan also recommends and outlines action steps for families, friends, health care providers, schools, the media, communities, health insurance providers, employers, researchers and professional educators, and tribal and other government agencies, to help mitigate the increase in the prevalence of diabetes and its complications. Additional information and resources about diabetes prevention, detection, and treatment are also provided.
PIC ID: 8235; Agency Sponsor: ASPE-OHP, Office of Health Policy; Federal Contact: Tilson, Wilma, 202- 205-8841; Performer: Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC
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Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN) Program Evaluation Model
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The model provides guidance for preparing program evaluations, which provides the following: (1) A mechanism for the agency to address the condition of and specific regulatory concerns about regulated industry and products; (2) Provides for risk-based utilization of CFSAN and Office of Regulatory Affairs (ORA) field resources; (3) Furnishes the information necessary to develop or support regulations, policies, regulatory strategies, and industry and consumer outreach activities; (4) Provide a feedback mechanism for modifying, improving, and maintaining the quality of compliance programs and field assignments; (5) Provides an information source on FDA program area activities to an interested public. The model provides general instructions, content, and format guidance for preparing CFSAN program evaluations.
The model identifies “Program Design and Methodology” as a required heading and discussion topic for each program evaluation. This section of the evaluation should describe the program requirements, indicate the method used for evaluation of the program area, (including the risk prioritization model that will be used, the type of data that will be collected, the data sources, and how the data will be analyzed), and indicate data and information sources used for the evaluation. The model identifies “Results” or “Findings” as a required heading and discussion topic for each program evaluation. This section of the evaluation should indicate the findings and use tables and figures to demonstrate support for each finding as appropriate. It also should include a summary of risks associated with the industry or with products covered by the program. The model identifies “Recommendations” as a required heading and discussion topic for each program evaluation. Recommendations for activities that are necessary to achieve the program objective or that will enhance CFSAN’s ability to determine progress toward achieving the program objective should be addressed in this section of each program evaluation.
PIC ID: 8249; Agency Sponsor: FDA-CFSAN, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition; Federal Contact: Ledet, Mischelle, 301-436-2070; Performer: FDA, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Washington, DC
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