Indicators of Welfare Dependence: Annual Report to Congress, 2004. Additional Nonmarital Birth Data

04/27/2005

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Table C-1. Percentage of Births that are to Unmarried Women Within Age Groups by Race, 1940-2002

Year White Black
Under
Age 15		 Age
15 - 17		 Age
18 - 19		 All
Teens		 All
Women		 Under
Age 15		 Age
15 - 17		 Age
18 - 19		 All
Teens		 All
Women
1940 44.4 NA NA 7.2 1.9 NA NA NA NA NA
1941 44.9 NA NA 7.0 1.9 NA NA NA NA NA
1942 40.5 NA NA 6.4 1.7 NA NA NA NA NA
1943 45.2 NA NA 6.5 1.6 NA NA NA NA NA
1944 41.3 NA NA 8.4 2.0 NA NA NA NA NA
1945 50.7 NA NA 10.0 2.4 NA NA NA NA NA
1946 52.4 NA NA 8.4 2.1 NA NA NA NA NA
1947 45.1 NA NA 6.6 1.8 NA NA NA NA NA
1948 39.9 10.3 4.6 6.3 1.8 NA NA NA NA NA
1949 40.4 10.0 4.5 6.1 1.7 NA NA NA NA NA
1950 41.9 10.2 4.8 6.4 1.7 NA NA NA NA NA
1951 34.9 9.7 4.4 5.9 1.6 NA NA NA NA NA
1952 40.4 9.6 4.4 6.0 1.6 NA NA NA NA NA
1953 43.1 9.6 4.5 6.1 1.7 NA NA NA NA NA
1954 36.8 10.2 4.9 6.5 1.8 NA NA NA NA NA
1955 42.1 10.2 4.9 6.6 1.9 NA NA NA NA NA
1956 42.6 10.2 4.8 6.5 1.9 NA NA NA NA NA
1957 41.5 10.4 4.7 6.5 2.0 NA NA NA NA NA
1958 45.3 10.8 4.9 6.8 2.1 NA NA NA NA NA
1959 46.7 11.4 5.2 7.2 2.2 NA NA NA NA NA
1960 47.5 11.7 5.4 7.4 2.3 NA NA NA NA NA
1961 49.9 12.4 6.0 7.9 2.5 NA NA NA NA NA
1962 48.3 13.4 6.1 8.2 2.8 NA NA NA NA NA
1963 50.3 15.1 7.0 9.4 3.1 NA NA NA NA NA
1964 52.3 16.0 7.6 10.4 3.4 NA NA NA NA NA
1965 57.3 17.3 9.1 11.7 4.0 NA NA NA NA NA
1966 52.5 19.5 9.9 12.6 4.4 NA NA NA NA NA
1967 61.6 21.0 11.2 14.2 4.9 NA NA NA NA NA
1968 61.0 23.4 12.7 16.1 5.3 NA NA NA NA NA
1969 57.0 24.0 12.9 16.6 5.5 91.7 72.1 48.3 60.0 34.9
1970 57.9 25.2 13.5 17.5 5.7 93.5 76.0 52.1 64.0 37.6
1971 60.5 25.2 13.2 17.4 5.6 95.0 79.6 56.0 68.1 40.5
1972 59.0 26.4 13.7 18.5 6.0 96.4 81.0 59.0 70.7 43.9
1973 65.2 27.6 14.3 19.6 6.4 96.4 82.6 60.4 72.1 45.7
1974 65.3 29.4 15.0 20.8 6.5 97.4 84.8 63.8 74.7 47.1
1975 71.0 33.0 17.2 23.5 7.3 98.4 87.4 67.6 77.8 48.8
1976 69.3 35.7 18.8 25.4 7.7 99.1 89.7 70.9 80.5 50.3
1977 72.8 38.9 21.0 27.8 8.2 98.8 90.6 74.6 82.6 51.7
1978 73.1 40.1 22.5 29.1 8.7 97.2 90.9 76.5 83.5 53.2
1979 75.0 42.4 24.3 30.8 9.4 99.4 92.9 78.9 85.7 54.7
1980 75.4 45.4 27.1 33.6 11.2 98.6 93.1 79.9 86.2 56.1
1981 76.5 48.0 28.7 35.5 11.8 98.9 93.9 81.3 87.2 56.9
1982 77.7 50.1 30.3 37.2 12.3 98.4 94.2 82.4 87.9 57.7
1983 79.9 53.1 32.7 39.8 12.9 98.5 95.1 84.4 89.4 59.2
1984 80.8 55.4 35.1 42.2 13.6 98.6 95.3 85.4 90.0 60.3
1985 82.4 58.0 38.2 45.3 14.7 98.8 95.6 86.2 90.6 61.2
1986 83.6 61.3 41.7 48.8 15.9 99.0 95.7 86.9 91.1 62.4
1987 84.6 64.6 44.4 51.8 16.9 99.1 96.1 87.6 91.7 63.4
1988 86.5 66.2 47.3 54.1 18.0 98.9 96.4 88.5 92.3 64.7
1989 84.7 67.2 49.5 55.7 19.2 98.4 96.1 89.0 92.3 59.2
1990 83.6 67.9 50.8 56.8 20.4 98.5 95.6 89.4 92.2 59.8
1991 75.5 69.7 53.2 59.0 21.8 98.1 95.7 89.8 92.5 60.3
1992 76.2 70.6 54.9 60.6 22.6 97.6 95.6 90.4 92.8 68.1
1993 83.2 71.7 57.2 62.7 23.6 98.1 95.7 90.8 93.1 68.7
1994 90.4 77.5 61.9 68.0 25.4 99.1 97.8 93.4 95.5 70.4
1995 88.8 77.4 62.1 68.0 25.3 99.1 97.7 93.2 95.3 69.9
1996 90.1 78.8 63.3 69.2 25.7 99.1 97.9 93.6 95.6 69.8
1997 92.2 81.6 65.3 71.4 25.8 99.4 98.3 93.8 95.8 69.2
1998 94.0 82.7 66.5 72.4 26.3 99.6 98.3 93.9 95.7 69.1
1999 93.9 83.2 67.3 72.9 26.7 99.5 98.3 93.7 95.6 68.8
2000 94.0 83.4 67.8 73.1 27.1 99.4 98.2 94.0 95.7 68.5
2001 94.0 83.4 68.5 73.4 27.7 99.6 98.5 94.0 95.8 68.4
2002 94.8 84.5 70.1 74.9 28.5 99.6 98.6 94.1 95.9 68.2

Note:> Births to unmarried women in the United States for 1940 - 1979 are estimated from data for registration areas in which marital status of the mother was reported; see sources below. Beginning in 1980, births to unmarried women in the United States are based on data from states reporting marital status directly and data from non-reporting states for which marital status was inferred from other information on the birth certificate; see sources below.
Source:> National Center for Health Statistics, "Nonmarital Childbearing in the United States, 1940 - 1999," National Vital Health Statistics Reports>, Vol. 48 (16), 2000; “Births: Final Data for 2002,” National Vital Statistics Reports>, Vol. 52 (10), December 2003.

Table C-2. Percentage of Births that are to Unmarried Women by State: Selected Years 1960-2002

State 1960 1970 1980 1990 1992 1994 1996 2000 2002
Alabama 11 14 22 30 33 34 34 34 35
Alaska 5 9 16 26 27 29 31 33 34
Arizona NA 9 19 33 36 38 39 39 40
Arkansas NA 13 20 29 31 33 34 36 37
California NA NA 21 32 34 36 31 33 33
Colorado NA 9 13 21 24 25 25 25 27
Connecticut NA NA 18 27 29 30 31 29 29
Delaware 9 15 24 29 33 35 35 38 41
Dist of Columbia 20 38 56 65 67 69 66 60 57
Florida 9 14 23 32 34 36 36 38 39
Georgia NA NA 23 33 35 36 35 37 38
Hawaii 5 10 18 25 26 28 30 32 34
Idaho NA NA 8 17 18 19 21 22 22
Illinois 6 13 23 32 33 34 34 35 35
Indiana 4 8 16 26 29 32 32 35 36
Iowa 2 7 10 21 24 25 26 28 29
Kansas 3 7 12 22 24 26 27 29 31
Kentucky 5 8 15 24 26 28 30 31 33
Louisiana 9 15 23 37 40 43 43 46 47
Maine 3 7 14 23 25 28 29 31 33
Maryland NA NA 25 30 30 34 34 35 35
Massachusetts NA NA 16 25 26 27 25 27 27
Michigan 4 11 16 26 27 35 34 33 34
Minnesota 3 8 11 21 23 24 25 26 27
Mississippi 14 17 28 40 43 45 45 46 47
Missouri 6 11 18 29 32 33 33 35 35
Montana NA NA 13 24 26 26 28 31 33
Nebraska NA 8 12 21 23 25 25 27 29
Nevada 4 11 13 25 33 35 43 36 37
New Hampshire NA 6 11 17 19 22 23 25 25
New Jersey 4 10 21 24 26 28 28 29 29
New Mexico NA NA 16 35 39 42 42 46 47
New York NA NA 24 33 35 38 40 37 36
North Carolina 9 12 19 29 31 32 32 33 35
North Dakota 3 7 9 18 23 23 25 28 29
Ohio 4 NA 18 29 32 33 33 35 35
Oklahoma NA 8 14 25 28 30 31 34 36
Oregon 3 7 15 26 27 29 30 30 31
Pennsylvania 4 10 18 29 32 33 32 33 33
Rhode Island 3 7 16 26 30 32 33 35 36
South Carolina 12 15 23 33 35 37 37 40 40
South Dakota 3 7 13 23 27 28 30 33 35
Tennessee 9 12 20 30 33 33 33 35 36
Texas 5 9 13 18 17 29 30 31 32
Utah 2 4 6 14 15 16 16 17 17
Vermont NA NA 14 20 23 25 26 28 32
Virginia 8 11 19 26 28 29 29 30 30
Washington 3 9 14 24 25 26 27 28 29
West Virginia 6 6 13 25 28 30 31 32 33
Wisconsin 3 8 14 24 26 27 27 29 30
Wyoming 2 7 8 20 24 27 27 29 30
United States 5 11 18 28 30 33 32 33 34

Source:> National Center for Health Statistics, “Births: Final Data for 2002,” National Vital Statistics Reports>, Vol. 52 (10), December 2003 and earlier reports available online at (http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/pubs/p ubd/vsus/1963/1963.htm>).

Table C-3. Percentage of Births that are to Unmarried Women by Race/Ethnicity and State, 1994 – 2002

State All races White Black Hispanic
Total Non-Hispanic
1994 2002 1994 2002 1994 2002 1994 2002 1994 2002
Alabama 35 35 16 20 16 19 71 68 19 25
Alaska 29 34 21 24 21 23 39 43 29 41
Arizona 38 40 35 38 25 25 65 62 51 52
Arkansas 33 37 20 28 20 27 74 76 31 37
California 36 33 36 34 23 20 63 63 46 42
Colorado 25 27 23 26 18 18 57 54 44 41
Connecticut 31 29 24 25 18 16 70 66 65 61
Delaware 35 41 23 32 22 28 74 70 50 56
Dist. of Columbia 69 57 15 26 10 8 80 77 59 58
Florida 36 39 26 32 24 28 69 67 34 40
Georgia 36 38 18 25 18 21 68 66 23 43
Hawaii 28 34 16 17 15 17 20 19 44 44
Idaho 19 22 18 21 17 19 40 33 25 36
Illinois 34 35 23 27 18 21 79 77 38 43
Indiana 32 36 26 32 26 30 78 76 42 50
Iowa 25 29 23 28 23 27 75 74 37 41
Kansas 26 31 22 28 21 26 66 68 39 43
Kentucky 28 33 23 29 23 29 73 73 25 44
Louisiana 43 47 21 27 21 27 72 75 30 33
Maine 28 33 28 33 28 33 47 34 23 36
Maryland 34 35 19 24 18 21 64 59 39 45
Massachusetts 27 27 23 24 19 19 63 59 62 62
Michigan 35 34 24 26 23 25 79 74 42 42
Minnesota 24 27 21 24 20 21 73 58 46 51
Mississippi 45 47 18 24 18 24 75 76 21 42
Missouri 33 35 24 29 24 28 79 76 34 45
Montana 26 33 20 28 20 27 28 § 30 41
Nebraska 25 29 21 26 20 23 74 66 39 42
Nevada 35 37 31 35 27 28 70 70 44 44
New Hampshire 22 25 22 25 21 24 34 43 37 36
New Jersey 28 29 19 24 13 14 67 64 48 53
New Mexico 42 47 37 44 23 27 61 57 49 54
New York 38 36 29 30 19 18 70 66 61 60
North Carolina 32 35 18 25 17 20 68 66 29 48
North Dakota 23 29 19 24 19 23 24 36 26 40
Ohio 33 35 25 29 25 28 78 75 50 50
Oklahoma 30 36 23 31 23 29 70 70 31 42
Oregon 29 31 28 31 27 28 71 61 35 42
Pennsylvania 33 33 25 27 23 24 79 75 63 61
Rhode Island 32 36 28 32 24 26 69 63 58 59
South Carolina 37 40 19 25 19 23 67 72 28 43
South Dakota 28 35 20 26 20 26 21 38 33 49
Tennessee 33 36 21 27 21 25 75 73 26 46
Texas 29 32 24 30 18 22 63 62 31 36
Utah 16 17 15 16 13 13 45 47 37 38
Vermont 25 32 25 32 25 32 33 59 34 §
Virginia 29 30 19 22 18 20 64 62 38 40
Washington 26 29 24 28 23 25 55 53 35 42
West Virginia 30 33 29 32 29 32 76 72 22 35
Wisconsin 27 30 21 24 20 22 82 82 46 46
Wyoming 28 30 26 29 25 27 46 52 45 43
United States 33 34 25 29 21 23 70 68 43

44

§> Figure does not meet standards of reliability or precision; based on fewer than 20 births in the numerator. Persons of Hispanic ethnicity may be of any race.
Source:> National Center for Health Statistics, “Births: Final Data for 2002, ” National Vital Statistics Reports>, Vol. 52 (10), December 2003 and earlier reports available online at (http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/pubs/pubd/vsus/1963/1963.htm.>).

Table C-4. Birth Rates of Teens 15-19 Years, By State: Selected Years 1960-2002
[Births per 1,000 women in specified group]

State 1960 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002
Alabama 104 90 78 68 64 71 69 61 55
Alaska 128 103 60 64 56 65 55 49 40
Arizona 112 79 67 65 67 76 74 68 61
Arkansas 116 93 84 75 73 80 72 66 60
California 103 69 52 53 53 71 67 47 41
Colorado 97 67 51 50 48 55 52 51 47
Connecticut 54 44 32 31 31 39 39 31 26
Delaware 100 73 49 51 51 55 55 48 46
Dist. of Columbia 132 116 73 62 72 93 85 53 69
Florida 117 86 64 59 58 69 60 51 45
Georgia 117 101 78 72 68 76 70 63 56
Hawaii 77 66 52 51 48 61 49 46 38
Idaho 102 66 59 59 47 51 49 43 39
Illinois 63 63 56 56 51 63 58 48 42
Indiana 100 75 64 57 52 59 57 49 45
Iowa 73 53 46 43 35 41 38 34 33
Kansas 94 65 57 57 52 56 52 46 43
Kentucky 108 86 78 72 63 68 62 55 51
Louisiana 113 84 79 76 72 74 70 62 58
Maine 93 65 55 47 42 43 34 29 25
Maryland 100 69 46 43 46 53 47 41 35
Massachusetts 51 40 31 28 29 35 33 26 23
Michigan 80 69 52 45 43 59 49 40 35
Minnesota 64 44 36 35 31 36 33 30 28
Mississippi 121 103 92 84 76 81 79 70 65
Missouri 99 72 59 58 54 63 55 49 44
Montana 97 62 54 48 44 48 42 37 36
Nebraska 82 54 45 45 40 42 38 38 37
Nevada 118 94 60 59 55 73 73 63 54
New Hampshire 76 55 41 34 32 33 30 23 20
New Jersey 58 50 37 35 34 41 38 32 27
New Mexico 127 79 67 72 73 78 74 66 62
New York 57 51 38 35 36 44 42 33 30
North Carolina 104 88 72 58 57 68 63 59 52
North Dakota 68 44 43 42 36 35 33 27 27
Ohio 84 65 56 52 50 58 53 46 40
Oklahoma 112 83 76 75 69 67 64 60 58
Oregon 88 58 48 51 43 55 50 43 37
Pennsylvania 67 53 44 41 40 45 41 34 32
Rhode Island 56 43 35 33 36 44 40 34 36
South Carolina 109 89 73 65 63 71 63 58 53
South Dakota 83 49 51 53 46 47 41 38 38
Tennessee 103 88 74 64 61 72 67 60 54
Texas 115 85 74 74 72 75 76 69 64
Utah 86 56 54 65 50 49 41 38 37
Vermont 74 54 43 39 36 34 28 23 24
Virginia 103 76 53 48 46 53 48 41 38
Washington 88 60 46 47 45 53 48 39 33
West Virginia 87 72 73 68 54 57 53 47 46
Wisconsin 64 46 41 40 39 43 38 35 32
Wyoming 112 71 68 79 59 56 48 42 40
United States 89 68 56 53 51 60 56 48 43

Source:> National Center for Health Statistics, “Births: Final Data for 2002,” National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 52 (10), December 2003 >and earlierreports >available online at (http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/pubs/pubd/vsus/1963/1963.htm>.)

Table C-5. Birth Rates of Teens 15-19 Years, By Race, Ethnicity, and State: Selected Years 1994-1999
[Births per 1,000 women in specified group]

State All races White Black Hispanic
Total Non-Hispanic
1994 1999 1994 1999 1994 1999 1994 1999 1994 1999
Alabama 72.2 62.8 55.1 52.5 54.8 50.8 108.1 83.2 71.8 136.2
Alaska 55.2 41.8 44.5 29.8 43.4 29.0 79.3 66.7 § 57.6
Arizona 78.7 69.6 77.3 69.7 49.2 39.6 99.7 74.9 136.3 125.4
Arkansas 76.3 68.1 64.1 59.9 63.1 57.4 120.2 96.5 118.4 121.2
California 71.3 50.7 76.6 55.2 38.1 25.2 89.2 58.4 118.4 83.4
Colorado 54.3 48.4 52.0 47.6 38.2 29.9 96.6 67.4 109.3 116.3
Connecticut 40.3 33.3 33.0 29.1 20.1 16.1 93.6 67.1 125.0 114.4
Delaware 60.2 54.3 43.0 40.4 38.4 35.7 115.4 99.8 § 116.6
Dist. of Columbia 114.7 83.5 16.9 23.2 15.3 § 138.5 127.8 96.7 §
Florida 64.4 53.5 51.5 45.3 46.9 39.5 113.1 83.5 68.2 62.5
Georgia 71.7 65.1 54.1 55.8 51.5 49.3 106.9 84.4 133.8 154.5
Hawaii 53.5 43.8 33.0 16.9 29.8 14.7 § 31.0 107.7 98.2
Idaho 46.6 43.7 46.2 43.4 40.6 38.2 § § 117.8 91.9
Illinois 62.8 51.1 46.2 40.3 34.3 27.5 139.1 105.2 112.6 102.2
Indiana 57.9 51.6 51.8 46.7 50.8 44.6 115.3 97.2 82.2 99.6
Iowa 39.7 35.8 37.5 33.9 36.2 31.8 117.4 95.5 96.9 106.6
Kansas 53.5 47.4 48.7 44.0 44.9 38.3 116.4 97.6 106.9 108.3
Kentucky 64.5 56.4 60.4 53.8 60.3 53.2 113.5 85.3 § 112.1
Louisiana 74.7 62.8 49.2 45.3 49.6 45.6 115.3 89.7 49.3 33.8
Maine 35.5 29.8 35.0 29.5 35.0 29.4 § § § §
Maryland 49.7 42.6 32.4 29.0 31.5 26.6 89.3 73.0 62.0 59.2
Massachusetts 37.2 28.7 32.6 25.4 23.5 17.9 90.5 68.0 132.9 101.9
Michigan 52.1 40.5 39.7 32.9 37.8 30.4 110.2 79.8 85.3 88.2
Minnesota 34.4 30.0 28.6 24.0 26.9 21.0 132.3 109.9 98.9 137.5
Mississippi 83.0 72.5 56.6 53.3 56.7 53.0 114.4 95.0 § 61.8
Missouri 59.0 49.6 49.1 43.1 48.7 42.0 123.1 92.0 65.4 87.7
Montana 41.2 35.1 34.7 29.7 34.0 28.8 § § § §
Nebraska 42.8 37.0 37.9 32.9 34.5 28.6 119.3 97.5 110.6 97.2
Nevada 73.6 64.1 71.1 63.9 55.4 45.3 111.3 81.6 138.3 112.7
New Hampshire 30.1 24.0 30.1 24.3 29.6 23.5 § § § §
New Jersey 39.3 32.8 27.2 25.3 16.5 13.5 99.7 72.6 81.1 76.6
New Mexico 77.4 67.4 76.2 68.6 43.7 37.7 66.4 50.4 102.4 91.8
New York 45.8 37.0 39.8 32.5 26.4 20.5 73.0 59.3 81.1 73.7
North Carolina 66.3 59.5 52.3 50.5 50.0 43.0 98.5 80.2 159.6 219.0
North Dakota 34.6 27.7 29.2 22.9 28.7 22.5 § § § §
Ohio 55.0 46.0 46.1 39.6 45.2 38.6 116.1 88.6 83.6 76.0
Oklahoma 65.9 60.5 59.0 55.9 57.1 52.0 105.5 82.9 87.1 107.6
Oregon 50.7 46.5 49.8 46.2 43.8 38.7 101.6 64.5 136.8 119.3
Pennsylvania 43.8 36.2 34.0 29.2 30.5 25.5 118.1 93.6 129.3 114.0
Rhode Island 47.7 38.2 41.3 34.2 31.7 25.7 120.4 66.2 136.8 115.4
South Carolina 66.5 60.8 50.3 49.2 49.9 46.9 92.1 80.5 68.4 128.8
South Dakota 42.8 37.6 33.0 27.5 32.3 27.0 § § § §
Tennessee 71.0 62.7 58.8 55.4 58.5 53.7 119.8 90.6 79.5 136.1
Texas 77.6 70.1 75.7 71.3 47.7 41.9 100.4 76.0 113.6 107.4
Utah 42.7 40.2 42.0 39.6 38.6 33.0 § § 96.9 118.8
Vermont 33.0 25.7 33.2 25.9 33.4 26.1 § § § §
Virginia 50.7 42.7 40.7 33.7 38.8 31.1 87.9 73.8 79.4 73.6
Washington 48.2 40.1 47.2 39.3 40.5 32.6 80.9 60.7 125.8 98.0
West Virginia 54.3 47.9 53.7 47.2 53.8 47.1 80.7 71.7 § §
Wisconsin 38.8 35.7 28.8 27.3 26.5 24.2 142.3 122.9 92.6 110.7
Wyoming 48.2 40.4 47.6 39.6 45.4 37.4 § § 74.9 65.0
United States 58.9 49.6 51.1 44.6 40.4 34.0 104.5 81.0 107.7 93.4

§> Rates not calculated for states with less than 20 births to women in a given age and racial/ethnic group or if there were less than 1,000 women in the age and racial/ethnic group. Persons of Hispanic ethnicity may be of any race.
Source:> National Center for Health Statistics, “Births to Teenagers in the United States, 1940-2000,” National Vital Statistics Reports,> Vol. 49 (10), September 2001.

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Data Sources and StatisticsCaseload Trends and DynamicsIndicatorsEconomic Support and EmploymentWelfare/ Welfare Reform/TANFPoverty and MeasurementReport on Welfare Indicators and Risk Factors/Indicators of Welfare DependencePoverty, Income, and AssetsPoverty and Income DynamicsWelfare, Work, and Self-SufficiencyWelfare Data
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