This risk factor tracks trends in the extent to which adults are living apart from their children because they are incarcerated. An incarcerated parent leaves his orher family at increased risk of dependence.
Figure ECON 13. Estimated Number of Sentenced Male Prisoners Under State or Federal Jurisdiction per 100,000 Resident Population, 1981 to 1996
Source: Table ECON 13.
- From 1980 to 1996, the number of black men incarcerated per 100,000 population increased 185 percent, while the rate for white men increased 144 percent in the same period.
- Table ECON 13 shows that the rate of incarceration for women, while still very small relative to men, rose 364 percent from 1980 to 1996, with white female incarceration increasing 400 percent and black female incarceration increasing 307 percent.
- Table ECON 13 also shows that the rates for black men and black women were much higher than the rates for white men and white women in 1996.
Table ECON 13. Estimated Number of Sentenced Prisoners Under State or Federal Jurisdiction per 100,000 Resident Population
| Total Men and Womena | All Mena | White Men | Black Men | All Womena | White Women | Black Women | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980 | 139 | 275 | 188 | 1111 | 11 | 6 | 45 |
| 1981 | 154 | 304 | 186 | 1217 | 12 | 7 | 50 |
| 1982 | 171 | 337 | 206 | 1345 | 14 | 8 | 57 |
| 1983 | 179 | 354 | 217 | 1412 | 15 | 9 | 58 |
| 1984 | 188 | 370 | 228 | 1459 | 16 | 9 | 63 |
| 1985 | 202 | 397 | 246 | 1559 | 17 | 10 | 68 |
| 1986 | 217 | 426 | 261 | 1895 | 20 | 12 | 77 |
| 1987 | 231 | 453 | 277 | 1800 | 22 | 13 | 82 |
| 1988 | 247 | 482 | 290 | 1951 | 24 | 15 | 91 |
| 1989 | 276 | 535 | 317 | 2200 | 29 | 17 | 115 |
| 1990 | 297 | 564 | 338 | 2234 | 31 | 19 | 117 |
| 1991 | 313 | 595 | 352 | 2368 | 33 | 19 | 129 |
| 1992 | 332 | 631 | 373 | 2499 | 35 | 20 | 136 |
| 1993 | 359 | 685 | 402 | 2718 | 40 | 23 | 155 |
| 1994 | 389 | 739 | 432 | 2923 | 45 | 26 | 169 |
| 1995 | 411 | 781 | 449 | 3095 | 47 | 27 | 176 |
| 1996 | 427 | 809 | 458 | 3162 | 51 | 30 | 183 |
|
Notes: Sentenced prisoners are those with a sentence of more than 1 year. Rates are based on U.S. resident population on July 1 of each year. Rates for 1990--1996 may differ from those previously published because the number of prisoners under jurisdiction have been revised and the resident population by sex and race have been adjusted for the Census undercount. a Includes Asians, Pacific Islanders, American Indians, Alaskan Natives, and other racial groups. Sources: Correctional Populations in the United States, 1994, 1995, 1996; U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, NCJ-160091, June 1996; NCJ-163916, May 1997; NCJ-170013, November 1998. |
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"Indicators of Dependence" (pdf, 152.45Kb)
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