Population

A Description of Board and Care Facilities, Operators, and Residents. 2.1 Study Design

The objective of this study was to determine whether regulation affects the quality of care in licensed and unlicensed board and care homes. Specifically, the study was designed to determine whether an extensive regulatory system is associated with better quality of care and, if such an association is found, to determine whether regulation affects

A Description of Board and Care Facilities, Operators, and Residents. Section 1. Background

A variety of demographic factors and policy initiatives have increased demand for residential facilities that offer supportive services for the aged and disabled. These factors include

Personal Privacy in an Information Society. General Recommendations

The Commission considered several ways in which its medical-record recommendations might be implemented and enforced. The alternatives considered ranged from a wholly voluntary approach to Federal legislation which, like the 1974 Drug Abuse and Alcoholism statutes, 49 would make compliance with the recommendations a requirement attached to the di

Personal Privacy in an Information Society. Recommendations

The Commission's inquiry into the creation, maintenance, use, and disclosure of medical records and medical-record information led it to six basic conclusions. First , medical records now contain more information and are now available to more users than ever before.

Personal Privacy in an Information Society. The Fragility of The Medical-Care Relationship

The physician-patient relationship is an inherently intrusive one in that the patient who wants and needs medical care must grant the doctor virtually unconstrained discretion to delve into the details of his life and his person. As a practical matter, because so much information may be necessary for proper diagnosis and treatment, no area of inqu

Personal Privacy in an Information Society. Keepers and Users of Medical Records

In the early part of this century, physicians, most of them practicing alone, delivered 85 percent of all medical services in the country.

Personal Privacy in an Information Society. Record Keeping in the Medical-Care Relationship

Americans made an estimated one billion, 56 million visits to physicians during 1975, an average of 5.1 visits for each person in the country. Approximately 720 million of these visits occurred in physicians' private offices, while another 136 million took place in the clinics and emergency rooms of hospitals. Inpatient admissions accounted for a

Personal Privacy in an Information Society. Insurance Institutions and Support Organizations

There are essentially two types of insurance companies: stock companies owned by shareholders and mutual companies owned by policyholders. (Blue Cross and Blue Shield are nonprofit associations which policyholders join.) Although the largest life insurance companies are of the mutual type, the total amount of life insurance protection in force is

Personal Privacy in an Information Society. The Insurance Relationship

The activities of the nation's 4,700 insurance companies touch the lives of all Americans in a variety of ways. Two out of three Americans have life insurance protection; 1 90 percent of the civilian population under age 65 is covered by individual or group health insurance policies; 2 and 15 million are covered by the pension plans that life in

Personal Privacy in an Information Society. Record Keeping and Personal Privacy

One need only glance at the dramatic changes in our country during the last hundred years to understand why the relationship between organizational record keeping and personal privacy has become an issue in almost all modern societies. The records of a hundred years ago tell little about the average American, except when he died, perhaps when and

Personal Privacy in an Information Society. The Framework for a National Policy

The imbalance in the relationship between individuals and record-keeping institutions today is pointedly illustrated by the experiences of Catherine Tarver, a "welfare mother" from the State of Washington, and Mitchell Miller, a businessman from Kathleen, Georgia.

Evaluation of Parity in the Federal Employees Health Benefits (FEHB) Program: Final Report. Appendix B: Site Visit Discussion Guide

Site Visits to FEHB Health Plans Conducted through a contract between the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and in conjunction with the U.S. Office of Personnel Management; and subcontracts between ROW Sciences and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, RAND Health, Harvar

Evaluation of Parity in the Federal Employees Health Benefits (FEHB) Program: Final Report. Summary of Findings on the Impact of Parity in the FEHB Program - Claims and Encounter Data

Utilization and Cost Descriptive Analysis of All Enrollees

Evaluation of Parity in the Federal Employees Health Benefits (FEHB) Program: Final Report. Impact on Quality of Care

The PERT studied the effect of parity on quality of care for adults by using established standards of care for treating specific disorders, i.e., depression and substance abuse, to create indicators of quality following the methods developed by several investigators (c.f. Berndt et. al 1997; Lehman and Steinwachs, 1998). The methods described in t

Evaluation of Parity in the Federal Employees Health Benefits (FEHB) Program: Final Report. Impact on Access to Care, Service Use, and Cost

Implementing parity required changing the nominal benefits for coverage of treating mental health and substance abuse (MH/SA) disorders. The dimensions of the nominal benefit that are most often affected when parity policies are implemented are:

Evaluation of Parity in the Federal Employees Health Benefits (FEHB) Program: Final Report. Structural Changes to Plan Benefits

PERT researchers acquired nominal plan benefits information on the 304 FEHB plans with available benefit design information and participating in the FEHB in 1999, the baseline year of the evaluation. This information was obtained from the OPM website for all four years of the evaluation (1999-2002). To compile information on benefits in each of

Evaluation of Parity in the Federal Employees Health Benefits (FEHB) Program: Final Report. Data Collection Issues

Plan Selection The study design included selecting a small number of plans for in-depth study, i.e., obtaining archival claims data, conducting plan site visits, and conducting focus groups with providers (from a subset of the selected plans). Plans were selected on the basis of various characteristics on which they were likely to differ:

Evaluation of Parity in the Federal Employees Health Benefits (FEHB) Program: Final Report. State Experiences with Parity

A series of efforts at parity legislation has also occurred at the State level (Hennessy and Stephens, 1997). Some States target their parity legislation narrowly to include only people with severe mental disorders, while others cover a broader range of mental illnesses that may also include substance abuse disorders. Experiences with parity polic

Evaluation of Parity in the Federal Employees Health Benefits (FEHB) Program: Final Report. History of Mental Health Benefits and Parity Experiences in the Federal Government

Federal Legislative Trends Affecting Parity in Mental Health Insurance Coverage Although Federal legislative initiatives on parity in mental health insurance coverage dates from the 1960s, the 1996 Mental Health Parity Act represents the first Federal parity legislation. Implemented in 1998, this legislation focused on only one aspect of the dif

Evaluation of Parity in the Federal Employees Health Benefits (FEHB) Program: Final Report. Evaluation Design and Key Research Questions

The design of the evaluation was quasi-experimental. It analyzed plan benefits data for all FEHB plans and claims data on access, utilization, and cost for a subset of nine FEHB plans, both before (1999 and 2000) and after (2001 and 2002) the introduction of FEHB parity. Changes in access, utilization and cost were compared to changes in a matched

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