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The Medicare and Medicaid programs distribute extra payments to hospitals that treat a disproportionate share of indigent patients. The disproportionate share hospital (DSH) payment policies differ substantially between the two programs and, under Medicaid, across states as well. State-reported information on Medicaid DSH payments to individual ho

This project focuses on the development, analysis, and use of neighborhood health indicators pertaining to children and youth. Using data provided by five data intermediary organizations (located in large cities) that participate in the Neighborhood Indicators Partnership (NNIP), Urban Institute conducted a cross-site analysis and provided technic

This report utilizes survey and administrative data to examine the personal characteristics and situations, potential challenges for employment, compensating strengths and resources, and employment outcomes of TANF recipients in Illinois. Topics examined include physical and mental health, disability, child care, domestic violence, substance abuse

This report describes how states are implementing fiscal reforms to contain costs or improve the performance of their child welfare systems. 23 initiatives in 22 states are described. The report also identifies issues that the implementation of fiscal reforms face and describes how well fiscal reforms appear to be working. Many of these reforms

This research, while directly supported by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, (grant number 01ASPE372A to the Urban Institute) and by funding from the Rockefeller/Sage Foundation is a part of the U.S. Census Bureau's Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics Program (LEHD

This report summarizes state policy choices with regard to TANF sanctions for failure to comply with work requirements. In addition, it reviews the existing literature on sanctioning rates, characteristics and circumstances of sanctioned clients, and the impacts of TANF sanctions.

This project addressed transition events associated with people entering and exiting poverty using data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) and the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID). The study found that poverty entries and exits changed over the past two decades, with an increase in both poverty entries and exits (i.e.,

This report draws primarily on findings from case studies in six of the ten states selected for the evaluation, whose early experiences implementing SCHIP have been examined closely: California, Colorado, Louisiana, Missouri, New York, and Texas. Case study respondents interviewed in the case studies included state officials, advocates, plan staff