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Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation |
Policy Information Center |
MISSION: To promote health and quality of life by preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability.
Evaluation Program
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) conducts evaluation studies designed to provide information essential for CDC's 11 strategies to achieve its mission:
CDC places high priority on evaluations to answer policy, program, and strategic planning questions related to the goals and objectives of Healthy People 2000. Performance improvement studies, such as those focusing upon the development of indicators consistent with the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA), are of particular interest and import to the Agency. With the support of 1-percent evaluation funds, the GPRA planning process began at CDC in FY 1995 and is continuing. CDC's commitment to performance measurement is exemplified by this year's requirement that each project proposal be linked to one of CDC's strategic goals. These goals were identified through the GPRA strategic planning process.
As part of a national disease prevention strategy, the Center for Disease Control's (CDC's) National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) provides funding to establish or enhance state and territorial central registries to reduce cancer mortality. The purpose of this study was to review and revise the evaluation tools used to assess NPCR's progress toward meeting its goals and objectives. An important recommendation was to develop a World Wide Web-based survey system for collecting evaluation data from the registries, and the CDC is already moving forward with this plan. The data collected for this system will receive greater emphasis in achieving cancer control objectives through additional monitoring and financial support of the cancer registries.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
FEDERAL CONTACT: Simpson, Leah
770-488-4158
PIC ID: 7050
PERFORMER: Battelle Corporation
Arlington, VA
The purpose of this guide was to provide information to Hispanics with diabetes who use public sector health services on how to take care of and control their disease. After the preliminary edition of the guide was produced, the Division of Diabetes Translation (DDT) sought to evaluate its understandability, relevance, usefulness and adaptability among diverse U.S. Hispanic populations. The objectives of this study were to identify the types of health information needed for enhancing the day-to-day management of diabetes and to determine additional appropriate methods for communicating information on diabetes self-care. A total of twenty focus groups were held in five locations among Hispanic populations representing Mexican Americans, Central Americans, South Americans, Cuban Americans and Puerto Ricans. A topic guide was developed as a tool to elicit participant perspectives about the guide and additional methods for communicating and disseminating diabetes information. The first phase evaluated the preliminary guide produced by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The second phase evaluated the revised guide based on the suggested and approved changes and additions made by participants in the first phase, and concentrated on eliciting perspectives on additional methods for communicating information on diabetes self-care. A video concept paper and video script were developed based on information obtained during the focus group discussions. (Note: The final product, "Take Control of Your Diabetes," is available in the PIC Center in both Spanish and English. Or, they can downloaded from the DHHS/CDC web site).
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
FEDERAL CONTACT: Mitchell, Patricia
770-488-5015
PIC ID: 5352
PERFORMER: Casals and Associates
Arlington, VA
Many breast lesions detected by mammography show features that indicate that they have a high, but not absolute, likelihood of being benign. The American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System Classification includes "probably benign finding--short interval follow-up suggested" for use in this circumstance. CDC has determined that the use of this code varies across States enrolled in the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP), a program designed to provide breast and cervical cancer screening and follow-up services to low-income, uninsured women through State health departments. To understand the factors affecting the use of this classification by radiologists, CDC conducted a national survey of these radiologists. The purpose of this study was to understand the range of factors which may impact the use of this code. A series of focus groups of radiologists were conducted in order to determine these factors. Covered in the report are data concerning the background of the radiologist, patient-related factors, practice-related factors, factors external to the clinical setting, and direct information on understanding and use of this code.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
FEDERAL CONTACT: Caplan, Lee
PIC ID: 7065
PERFORMER: Battelle Corporation
Arlington, VA
The purpose of this study was to evaluate for the Centers for Disease Control the HIV/AIDS Technical Assistance Network to: 1) demonstrate the success of the network; 2) recommend ways of strengthening the network; and to 3) develop a design for future evaluations of the TA Network. The methodology consisted of: 1) a process evaluation that involved nine TA partners who were in the TA Network at the time of the evaluation. This process evaluation took the form of face-to-face and telephone discussions and document reviews; and 2) an effectiveness evaluation which consisted of eight case studies of successful TA "experiences." The final report provides a rich description of the TA Network and a list of 12 recommendations for strengthening the TA Network and the community planning process as a whole. Among other things, the TA Network could improve its coordination and establish an identify for itself through logos and common outreach materials. In addition, the TA Network could provide common training and orientation opportunities for TA-providing organizations or among individual TA consultants to ensure consistency throughout the TA Network. [Two volume Final Report: Vol. I, Technical Report; Vol. II, Appendices].
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
FEDERAL CONTACT: Barrington, Tracey
404-639-0953
PIC ID: 6706
PERFORMER: Battelle Corporation
Arlington, VA
The purpose of this study was to determine parental knowledge, attitudes and behaviors regarding skin cancer prevention for children in a representative sample of the U.S. population. Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the United States, with an annual incidence of 700,000 cases and a mortality rate of 9,000 people each year. Major risk factors for skin cancer are skin sensitivity and exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Although the effects of sun exposure are typically not seen until later in life, 50 percent to 80 percent of total lifetime sun exposure occurs before the age of 18 and the average child receives three times the annual exposure of adults. While current estimates suggest that sun protection behaviors are practiced by about half of white American adults, limited research has been done regarding sun protection behaviors of parents for their children. The results of the study are used for two purposes. First, they provide baseline data on knowledge, attitudes and behaviors so that CDC's National Skin Cancer Prevention and Education Program can measure changes over time. Second, they are used to develop effective health education messages as part of the program. A survey was administered over the phone to a nationally representative sample of parents of children aged between six months and eleven years old. A Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI) System was used, and the survey sampling plan targeted households using a dual frame approach. A total of 22,626 phone numbers were included in the survey sample. 13, 675 households were contacted, and of that number, 1, 286 successfully completed the interview.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
FEDERAL CONTACT: Hall, Irene
770-488-3001
PIC ID: 7066
PERFORMER: Battelle
Durham, NC
This study was conducted to improve the functioning of the Office of Program Planning and Evaluation (OPPE) within the Centers for Disease Control so that it might better respond to the requirements of the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) as well as to the needs of the agency. After conducting strategic planning and organizational assessments, a plan of goal-oriented action was reached. Recommendations included: improving both internal and external communication and developing data capacity in support of finding solutions. To improve decisionmaking, recommendations included designating a senior staff to work as a team in support of new projects, developing a timely and effective way to keep the director aware of important issues requiring the attention of senior management, and creating a more fluid organizational structure which would allow a flexible response to unpredictable events as well as a reliable response to predictable events, increasing reliance on a team approach to accomplish goals. Emphasis should be placed on involving leadership to direct tangible actions to accomplish underlying change.
AGENCY SPONSOR: Office of Program Planning and Evaluation
FEDERAL CONTACT: Carmack, Connie
404-639-7073
PIC ID: 7049
PERFORMER: Macro International, Inc.
Atlanta, GA
CDC revised its lead screening recommendations in a document published in November 1997: Screening Young Children for Lead Poisoning: Guidance for State and Local Health Officials. The revisions reflected the need to improve the effectiveness of screening as a preventive measure by calling on state and local health officials to develop statewide plans and follow-up care appropriate to local conditions. This study monitored the state planning process, identified states which had made significant progress and how they had managed to do so, and disseminated the information to other states. Central to the study was an examination of state advisory committees: their membership and how they function. The study found that while the committees functioned in a complicated way and were time-consuming, the alternative, making decisions without the involvement of these stakeholders, is a less effective way to build a consensus on lead screening.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
FEDERAL CONTACT: Tips, Nancy
770-488-7277
PIC ID: 7045
PERFORMER: Macro International, Inc.
Calverton, MD
The purpose of this task was to evaluate the needs of state water fluoridation programs in order to improve the quality of water fluoridation, nationally. The task assessed the surveillance and monitoring of water fluoridation system, the engineering and administrative aspects of same, and the fluoridation training needs of nine states. Each of these elements were examined for a determination of their effect on the quality of water fluoridation in those states. The majority of respondents indicated that each state had an organized fluoridation program, including fluoridation specialists. Turnover, at the local water system level, is of concern to a significant number of respondents. The majority of respondents indicated that their monitoring and surveillance component of their state fluoridation system is being adequately met. Minimum CDC guidelines are not being met in some states. Training needs were consistently indicated as the greatest need from among respondents in the three groups. Most respondents indicated they would likely use the Fluoridation Reporting System (FRS). The report provides the basis for making recommendations to improve and ensure the quality of state fluoridation programs in the United States. The recommendations from this report are grouped into four areas: infrastructure, monitoring and reporting, training and overall program needs. The results will help determine the future direction of the Division of Oral Health (DOH) in its national role of promoting community water fluoridation.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
FEDERAL CONTACT: Shaddix, Kit
770-488-6074
PIC ID: 7052
PERFORMER: Macro International, Inc.
Atlanta, GA
The purpose of this project was to prepare a summary of proceedings and recommendations of a CDC meeting convened by the National Immunization Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to consider requirements for national surveillance of varicella and zoster. The meeting was held in Atlanta on March 12-13, 1998. Representatives of organizations concerned with surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases (including NIP, the National Center for Infectious Diseases (NCID), the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE), immunization program managers, the vaccine manufacturer, and academic scientists), met to: discuss the current status of varicella surveillance in the United States; determine the epidemiologic and laboratory capacities required for effective surveillance at the state and national levels; and review proposed immunization coverage and disease reduction goals for varicella.
AGENCY SPONSOR: Office of Program Planning and Evaluation
FEDERAL CONTACT: Chalmers, Nancy
404-639-7085
PIC ID: 7293
PERFORMER: Battelle Memorial Institute, Centers for Public Health
Research
and Evaluation, Rockville, MD
The intent of this study was to provide the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention with information to more effectively address the needs, wants, resources and preferences related to program evaluation technical assistance (TA). Three independent areas of inquiry were identified: (1) understanding beliefs and attitudes about evaluation that are likely to affect evaluation TA use; (2) assessing needs for evaluation TA and preferences for its delivery; and (3) describing existing evaluation TA resources and delivery systems. Relevant, recent documents and studies were reviewed, CDC staff were interviewed, and individuals from 55 indirectly funded and six directly funded community based organizations (CBOs) were interviewed. Based upon the study's findings, recommendations were made in the following areas: (1) supporting factors and conditions; (2) TA content; and (3) TA format or system.
AGENCY SPONSOR: Office of Program Planning and Evaluation
FEDERAL CONTACT: Cheal, Nancy
404-639-7095
PIC ID: 6715
PERFORMER: Research Triangle Institute and MEDSTAT
Group
Research Park, NC and Washington, DC
In 1993, the Office of HIV/AIDS of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) inaugurated a demonstration of social marketing entitled the Prevention Marketing Initiative (PMI). PMI melded social marketing techniques with elements of behavioral science and community participation, a synthesis conveyed by the term "prevention marketing." Initially, the scope of PMI was both national and local, with three major components: (1) national health communications; (2) prevention collaborative partners; and (3) local demonstration sites. This study is concerned with the third of these components. The purpose of this case study is to describe the experiences of the project participants during the latter phases of the project, both at the local and national levels, and to provide lessons learned from these experiences that can inform future prevention marketing initiatives. This information will also be used to provide context for the other evaluation efforts being conducted for PMI. These include evaluations of the outcomes of site-based skills-building workshops, and the community-wide level of exposure to media messages. The case study had two major objectives: (1) describe changes in organizational structures and processes that have occurred since the first case study was completed in 1996; and (2) document experiences within the major components of PMI during the past two years. These components include: (1) social marketing; (2) community collaboration (including media relations); (3) behavioral science; (4) youth participation; (5) technical assistance; (6) intervention implementation; (7) sustainability planning; and (8) implementation of the sustainability plan. (See also 6337)
AGENCY SPONSOR: Office of Program Planning and Evaluation
FEDERAL CONTACT: Cheal, Nancy
404-639-7095
PIC ID: 6337.1
PERFORMER: Battelle
Durham, NC
The community indicators project was created to identify community characteristics that influence risk behavior and could be measured and changed in a community-level HIV/AIDS intervention research trial. The goal was to develop a model for prioritizing community characteristics to be changed as well as suggesting causal mechanisms linking them to behavior and sustainability of interventions. A panel of 24 experts surveyed identified a total of 2,454 potential community indicators relevant to HIV intervention research activities; a literature search was conducted for the same purpose; and a meeting was held of researchers, government scientists, and other "end users" of indicators to obtain their contribution to help refine a working model and to develop methods that could be used to elicit and evaluate potential community indicators.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention
FEDERAL CONTACT: Sumartojo, Esther
404-639-8300
PIC ID: 6278
PERFORMER: Macro International, Inc.
Atlanta, GA
This project developed, piloted, and conducted a survey and produced technical reports of survey data on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of health care providers serving pregnant women regarding HIV counseling and testing and use of Zidovudine (ZDV) during pregnancy. These data augments ongoing research efforts to reduce barriers to implementation of the U.S. Public Health Service (PHS) guidelines for the prevention of perinatal HIV transmission. The target population for the survey was nurse-midwives and physicians (obstetricians and family physicians, including residents) who provide prenatal care in the state of Connecticut; the borough of Brooklyn, New York; the state of North Carolina; and Dade County, Florida. These four areas have institutions that are currently conducting a CDC-funded study of the implementation of the PHS perinatal transmission guidelines and the study areas which allowed for comparison of the survey results.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention
FEDERAL CONTACT: Saul, Janet
404-639-6143
PIC ID: 6279
PERFORMER: Analytical Sciences, Inc.
Durham, NC
Vaccination represents the most important preventive measure available against influenza, a major cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in the elderly and persons with underlying health problems. Recommendations for influenza vaccine, as for all vaccines, must balance associated risks and benefits. In December 1990, two cases of Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) within six weeks of influenza vaccination were reported in a Colorado Health Maintenance Organization (HMO). In response to these reports, active surveillance for GBS cases after influenza vaccine was undertaken to determine if there was an association between GBS and influenza vaccine. Early studies found no clear association. During the flu seasons of 1992-93 and 1993-94 over 35 and 48 cases, respectively, were reported of GBS after influenza vaccination to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS); these represented the highest totals reported for any flu season since 1976. However, the total number of vaccinations administered during the 1992-94 flu seasons were at the highest level since the swine flu vaccine program. Thus, the increased reports to VAERS may be attributed either to an increase in coincidental cases or to the vaccine itself. If the failure to detect a true association in the past was due to inadequate exposure, the large number of vaccinations administered during these two seasons represented the best opportunity to study the issue. For this study, a 49-item telephone survey indicated that: (1) nationally, approximately 26 percent of the respondents had received an influenza vaccination during the 1993-94 flu season; (2) respondents with an underlying health condition (heart, respiratory, circulatory, immunosupression) were significantly more likely to have received an influenza vaccination; and (3) nationally, 89.6 percent of respondents correctly recalled their vaccination status within the same flu season.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Vaccine Program Office
FEDERAL CONTACT: Chen, Robert
301-402-3497
PIC ID: 5894
PERFORMER: Macro International, Inc.
Atlanta, GA
Injuries are a major cause of premature death and disability, with associated economic costs in 1985 of over $150 billion. Although health objectives for the Year 2000 call for reducing this toll, adequate surveillance systems have yet to be developed that can monitor the country's progress on many of the Year 2000 injury objectives. This study addressed the question as to whether a telephone survey is a feasible means of accomplishing this. The evaluation objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a national telephone survey as: (1) a surveillance system for injury risk factors, (2) a means through which to monitor progress towards Year 2000 injury objectives, and (3) a tool for evaluating injury control programs.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control
FEDERAL CONTACT: Sacks, Jeffrey, M.D.
770-488-4652
PIC ID: 4522
PERFORMER: Battelle Corporation
Arlington, VA
The purpose of this project is to analyze the focus group findings of "Identification of Early Warning Signs and Protective Factors in Intimate Violence Prevention," and to test empirically these findings by conducting an Early Warning Signs and Protective Factors random digit dial national survey. The survey will gather data from approximately 1,800 women using an interview protocol which was developed and pilot tested in conjunction with that study. This instrument has also been refined by experts and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) program staff. The protocol is a product of 24 focus groups conducted in five geographic regions of the country with women who had experienced various levels of violence in their intimate relationships. Participants included: (1) rural African American women, (2) urban African American women, (3) rural Caucasian women, and (4) urban Caucasian women. All women recruited for the focus groups had ended intimate violence in their lives either by leaving a relationship or through particular strategies to stop the abuse within the relationship. The purposes of the original study were to: (1) identify early warning signs for physical violence perpetrated by an intimate partner, (2) identify strategies women use to remove themselves from the violence, (3) examine individual risk or protective factors which affect escalation or cessation of violence in abusive relationships, (4) examine the differences in behavioral risk and protective factors for groups of women, (5) uncover factors that influence women's abilities to identify early warning signs, and (6) explore whether certain desistance strategies used by women are inevitably successful. The survey extends the scope of the focus group results and seeks to empirically test the initial findings by enlarging and randomizing the sample.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control
FEDERAL CONTACT: Short, Lynn, Ph.D.
770-488-4285
PIC ID: 6341
PERFORMER: Macro International, Inc.
Silver Spring, MD
This study was designed to evaluate the feasibility of computing national estimates using Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data. Specifically, the objectives were to: Develop a method for combing BRFSS state estimates to produce national risk factor prevalence estimates; Compare national BRFSS estimates computed using the new method with prevalence estimates from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS); and Investigate time trends in national BRFSS national estimates. Twenty (20) key health risk factors from the BRFSS were used for this analysis, which occurred over a three year period. Only a few statistically significant temporal changes were identified in the 20 health risk factors examined. The analysis, however, indicates that national estimates based on BRFSS data are sufficiently precise to identify relatively modest year-to-year changes in risk factor prevalence. BRFSS is, therefore, very useful for annual national surveillance of behavioral risk factors, and is a useful adjunct to less-frequently conducted but more comprehensive surveys such as the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
FEDERAL CONTACT: Powell-Griner, Eve E.
770-488-2524
PIC ID: 7039
PERFORMER: Battelle Corporation
Arlington, VA
Community health centers have the potential to facilitate the dissemination of the effective and accurate health communication products produced by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and its partners. Because of this potential, CDC's National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP) became interested in understanding the effectiveness of community health information centers in meeting the health information needs of the general public. One such case is the C.Everett Koop Community Health Information Center (CHIC) created by the College of Physicians of Philadelphia in 1995. CDC contracted with Macro International to evaluate the effectiveness of the CHIC products and services; the use of the products and services and the effectiveness of outreach with a variety of agencies and community- based groups. A Patron Survey was developed and completed by a total of 267 individuals. Results indicated the CHIC must: do more to increase its visibility within the community by developing relationships with referral agents such as the media, physicians, or other libraries; continue to acquire and develop pamphlets for patrons to take with them; provide more pamphlets in languages other than English to serve the needs of local Philadelphia residents; consider operating on extended hours or on the weekends; and continue to be a free library offering research access to patrons.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
FEDERAL CONTACT: Fralish, Christine
770-488-5050
PIC ID: 6709
PERFORMER: Macro International, Inc.
Atlanta, GA
This study evaluated the progress and activities conducted by the 71 HIV education programs funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Division of Adolescent and School Health (DASH). The programs were funded through cooperative agreements with State and local education agencies. Data elements were obtained from reading the program file documents and were abstracted for each funded year of the five-year period, 1987-1992, for each program. A database was composed from these elements that will allow CDC to answer specific evaluation questions regarding the development of programs and the extent to which the CDC policies and guidelines were followed during the funding period.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
FEDERAL CONTACT: Hunt, Pete
770-488-5343
PIC ID: 6070
PERFORMER: Macro International, Inc.
Atlanta, GA
In response to the recent emergence of vancomycin resistance among enterococci (VRE), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) published "Recommendations for Preventing the Spread of Vancomycin Resistance." The purposes of this study are to determine the efficacy of different types of VRE control measures and their costs, and to develop a community- wide facility approach to VRE control.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for Infectious Diseases
FEDERAL CONTACT: Tokars, Jerome, M.D., MPH
404-639-6418
PIC ID: 6703
PERFORMER: Health Care Financing Administration
Baltimore, MD
EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION: 08/31/2000
In light of major changes in funding and further developments of core capacity and infrastructure of State diabetes control programs, there is a need to step back and form a collective vision of the National Diabetes Control Program. This vision will form the basis for the FY 1999-2000 National Diabetes Control Program announcement for cooperative agreement renewals.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
FEDERAL CONTACT: Murphy, Dara
PIC ID: 7051
PERFORMER: Macro International, Inc.
Atlanta, GA
EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION: 09/30/2001
This project will coordinate a review of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) analysis of the impact of restructuring on essential public health services in Los Angeles County. It will collect case study data in up to six urban public health systems impacting the capacity to deliver essential public health services. It will also describe a set of predictive relationships applicable to other State and local health departments.
AGENCY SPONSOR: Public Health Practice Program Office
FEDERAL CONTACT: Sinnock, Pomeroy, Ph.D.
770-488-2469
PIC ID: 6276
PERFORMER: Macro International, Inc.
Atlanta, GA
EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION: 09/30/2000
The purpose of this project is to conduct a process evaluation of the following two components of the ZAP Asthma Project: (1) the project's health education component, health communication component and the project's use of community health workers; and (2) the process of public/private/community collaboration, community engagement and empowerment, and systems improvement and capacity building at the community level.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for Environmental Health
FEDERAL CONTACT: Rifenburg, James
770-488-7322
PIC ID: 7048
PERFORMER: Macro International, Inc.
Atlanta, GA
EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION: 09/30/2000
This project proposes to evaluate the effectiveness of a free folic acid supplement distribution program in a family planning setting using blood folate determinates in conjunction with questionnaires of knowledge and supplement use behaviors.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for Environmental Health
FEDERAL CONTACT: Watkins, Margaret
770-488-7187
PIC ID: 7042
PERFORMER: Battelle Corporation
Arlington, VA
EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION: 08/31/2001
This project was undertaken to provide the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) with a better understanding of the utilization of data collected by state and territorial health agencies and transmitted to CDC’s Epidemiology Program Office (EPO) over their National Telecommunications System for Surveillance.
AGENCY SPONSOR: Epidemiology Program Office
FEDERAL CONTACT: Baron, Roy, M.D., M.P.H.
404-639-2697
PIC ID: 6332
PERFORMER: Battelle Corporation
Arlington, VA
EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION: 03/01/2000
In 1997 the Epidemiology Program Office established the Public Health Prevention Service (PHPS), a new three-year training program, designed to improve the Nation's public health practice by preparing entry-level public health professionals to conduct prevention programs. This evaluation project will establish the foundation for a monitoring and evaluation system designed to provide feedback to the PHPS program for continuous improvement.
AGENCY SPONSOR: Epidemiology Program Office
FEDERAL CONTACT: Jarvis, Dennis
404-639-4087
PIC ID: 7038
PERFORMER: Macro International, Inc.
Atlanta, GA
EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION: 09/11/2001
The State and Local Area Integrated Telephone Survey (SLAITS) is a newly developed survey mechanism which utilizes the sampling frame and screening procedures of the ongoing National Immunization Survey (NIS). The object of this project is to evaluate SLAITS as a modality for monitoring State performance in implementing the State Children's Health Insurance Program during a period of rapid State restructuring of health and welfare institutions.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for Health Statistics
FEDERAL CONTACT: Cynamon, Marcie
301-436-7085
PIC ID: 7046
PERFORMER: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
Princeton, NJ
EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION: 09/30/2000
This project proposes to evaluate the potential of the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) for the surveillance of sentinel health indicators in the U.S.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for Health Statistics
FEDERAL CONTACT: Hardy, Ann, Dr
301-436-7085
PIC ID: 7040
PERFORMER: TRW Government Information Services
Fairfax, VA
EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION: 09/30/2001
The overall objective of this project is to evaluate the birth, death and fetal death information currently obtained from State vital registration programs to determine if relevant and high quality data are being collected for State and national decision making. The assessment will also consider what changes should be made to the standard certificates to improve their use and utility.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for Health Statistics
FEDERAL CONTACT: Kowaleski, Julia
301-436-8815
PIC ID: 6699
PERFORMER: Laurel Consulting Group
Laurel, MD
EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION: 06/20/2000
This request for services is to assist in a search for literature and other information that identifies cultural and social-structural characteristics of communities that are associated with HIV/AIDS risk behavior and prevention efforts. Materials and information found in the search will be used to support community-level research on HIV/AIDS prevention.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention
FEDERAL CONTACT: Sumartojo, Esther
404-639-8300
PIC ID: 6701
PERFORMER: Macro International, Inc.
Atlanta, GA
EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION: 10/01/1999
The objective of this project is to evaluate the impact of STD treatment guidelines in public and private settings, to identify factors associated with compliance with guidelines, and assess the relationship between adherence to guidelines and associated health outcomes.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention
FEDERAL CONTACT: Irwin, Ruth, M.D.
404-639-8956
PIC ID: 7047
PERFORMER: The HMO Group
New Brunswick, NJ
EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION: 09/01/2000
The purpose of this project is to conduct a survey of a sample of physicians' diagnosis, treatment, reporting and partner management practices for syphilis and HIV infection. The study will determine when, under what conditions, for which diseases, how and for which patients, practitioners notify and/or treat the sexual partners of patients who are diagnosed with syphilis and HIV infection.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention
FEDERAL CONTACT: St. Lawrence, Janet, Ph.D.
404-639-8376
PIC ID: 7054
PERFORMER: Battelle Corporation
Arlington, VA
EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION: 11/15/2000
Currently, at least 22 States have immunization information systems (IIS) functioning either State-wide or in some counties or local communities. At this point in the development cycle, it is important to evaluate how the data in the IIS are used. If it is understood how these data are used and structural and functional barriers to data use can be identified, recommendations can be made to promote the full use of these data resources.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Immunization Program
FEDERAL CONTACT: Stevenson, John
404-639-8730
PIC ID: 6713
PERFORMER: Advanced Technology Systems
Johnson City, TN
EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION: 12/31/2000
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is the leading cause of bacterial infection in newborns in the United States. This project will assess a number of issues that affect successful management of GBS disease in the United States.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for Infectious Diseases
FEDERAL CONTACT: Schuchat, MD, Anne
404-639-2215
PIC ID: 6333
PERFORMER: American Association of Health Plans
Washington, DC
EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION: 09/30/2000
The National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC) published recommendations on the use of bicycle helmets in preventing head injuries in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) of February 17, 1995. The publication includes information on the magnitude of the problem of bicycle-related head injuries; the potential impacts of increased helmet use; helmet standards and performance in actual crash conditions; barriers that impede increased helmet use; and approaches to increasing the use of bicycle helmets within the community. The bicycle helmet recommendations are the first in a series of planned injury control recommendations from NCIPC. The evaluation of the bicycle helmet guidelines offers a timely opportunity to explore "lessons learned" before NCIPC develops and disseminates future guidelines.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control
FEDERAL CONTACT: Sacks, Jeffrey, M.D.
770-488-4652
PIC ID: 6700
PERFORMER: Battelle Corporation
Arlington, VA
EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION: 3/1/2000
In 1996, a Task Force of non-Federal public health experts were appointed to develop a Guide to Community Preventive Services. An evaluation of the Guide is proposed to field test and evaluate six Guide modules addressing three study areas.
AGENCY SPONSOR: Public Health Practice Program Office
FEDERAL CONTACT: Sinnock, Pomeroy, Ph.D.
770-488-2469
PIC ID: 7043
PERFORMER: Mathematica Policy Research, Inc.
Princeton, NJ
EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION: 09/30/2001
This project will conduct national population-based surveys of administrators and clinical providers in family planning programs funded by Titles X and XX, maternal and child health programs funded by Title V, and the federally-funded Primary and Migrant Health Centers. The information obtained from these surveys will be used to develop recommendations for the development of future clinical guidelines.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
FEDERAL CONTACT: Spitz, Alison
770-488-5260
PIC ID: 6712
PERFORMER: Battelle Corporation
Arlington, VA
EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION: 10/30/2000
The purpose of this project is to address the assessment and testing of interventions and the evaluation of adolescent pregnancy prevention initiatives in 13 cities in the United States. The objectives of the study are to assist the 13 cooperative agreement cities in field testing components of their teen pregnancy prevention intervention programs.
AGENCY SPONSOR: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
FEDERAL CONTACT: Dalmat, Michael
404-488-5136
PIC ID: 6274
PERFORMER: Battelle Corporation
Arlington, VA
EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION: 04/30/2000