| JOBS Exemptions Change | TANF Implementation | TANF Policy | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State | Approved | Implemented | Official | Actual | Exempt While under Age: | Limited to 12 Total Months |
| Alabama | 11-15-96 | 1 year | - | |||
| Alaska | 7-1-97 | 1 year | X | |||
| Arizona | -- (1) | 10-1-96 | 1 year | X | ||
| Arkansas | 7-1-97 | 3 months | X | |||
| California | 11-26-96 | 1-1-98 | 6 months (7) | - | ||
| Colorado | 7-1-97 | county option | - | |||
| Connecticut | 8-29-94 | 1-1-96 | 10-1-96 | 1 year (8) | - | |
| Delaware | 5-8-95 | -- (2) | 3-10-97 | 13 weeks | - | |
| Dist. of Columbia | 3-1-97 | 1 year | X | |||
| Florida | 6-26-96 | 10-1-96 | 3 months | - | ||
| Georgia | 1-1-97 | No exemption | - | |||
| Hawaii | 6-24-94 | 2-1-97 | 7-1-97 | 6 months | - | |
| Idaho | 8-19-96 | 7-1-97 | No exemption | - | ||
| Illinois | 9-30-95 | 7-1-97 | 1 year | - | ||
| Indiana | 12-15-94 | 5-1-95 | 10-1-96 | 1 year (10) | - | |
| Iowa | 8-13-93 | 10-1-93 | 1-1-97 | No exemption | - | |
| Kansas | 10-1-96 | 1 year | - | |||
| Kentucky | 10-18-96 | 1 year | X | |||
| Louisiana | 1-1-97 | 1 year | X | |||
| Maine | 6-10-96 | 11-1-96 | 1 year | X | ||
| Maryland | 8-16-96 | 10-1-96 | 12-9-96 | 1 year | - | |
| Massachusetts | 8-4-95 | 11-1-95 | 9-30-96 | 6 months | - | |
| Michigan | 10-6-94 | 10-6-94 | 9-30-96 | 3 months | - | |
| Minnesota | 7-1-97 | 1 year | X | |||
| Mississippi | 10-1-96 | 7-1-97 | 1 year | X | ||
| Missouri | 12-1-96 | 1 year | - | |||
| Montana | 4-18-95 | -- (3) | 2-1-97 | No exemption | - | |
| Nebraska | 2-27-95 | -- (4) | 12-1-96 | 3 months | - | |
| Nevada | 12-3-96 | 1 year | X | |||
| New Hampshire | 6-18-96 | 10-1-96 | 3 years | - | ||
| New Jersey | 7-1-92 | 10-1-92 | 2-1-97 | 7-1-97 | 12 weeks | - |
| New Mexico | 7-1-97 | 1 year | X | |||
| New York | 12-2-96 | 11-1-97 | 1 year | X | ||
| North Carolina | 2-5-96 | 7-1-96 | 1-1-97 | 1 year | - | |
| North Dakota | 7-1-97 | 3 months | X | |||
| Ohio | 10-1-96 | 1 year | X | |||
| Oklahoma | 10-1-96 | 1 year | X | |||
| Oregon | 7-15-92 | 2-1-93 | 10-1-96 | 90 days | - | |
| Pennsylvania | 3-3-97 | 1 year | X | |||
| Rhode Island | 5-1-97 | 1 year | - | |||
| South Carolina | 5-3-96 | 10-12-96 | 1 year | - | ||
| South Dakota | 12-1-96 | 12 weeks | - | |||
| Tennessee | 7-25-96 | 9-1-96 | 10-1-96 | 4 months | - | |
| Texas | 3-22-96 | 6-1-96 | 11-5-96 | 4 years (15) | - | |
| Utah | 10-5-92 | 1-1-93 (5) | 10-1-96 | No exemption | - | |
| Vermont | 4-12-93 | 7-1-94 | 9-20-96 | 18 months | - | |
| Virginia | 7-1-95 | -- (6) | 2-1-97 | 18 months (16) | - | |
| Washington | 1-10-97 | 1 year (17) | X | |||
| West Virginia | 1-11-97 | 1 year | - | |||
| Wisconsin | 8-14-95 | 1-1-96 | 9-30-96 | 9-1-97 | 12 weeks | - |
| Wyoming | 1-1-97 | 3 months | X | |||
|
Note: Implementation dates are arbitrarily stated as of
the first of the month absent specific information to the contrary. The "actual"
dates for TANF implementation are based on communications from Urban Institute
staff.
Source: Health and Human Services, Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, Setting the Baseline: A Report on State Welfare Waivers and other unpublished documents. |
||||||
| AFDC JOBS Exemptions Policy & Date | TANF Work Exemptions Policy & Date | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State | Exempt Is Under: | No Exemption | Under 6 | Over 6 | Exempt Is under: | No Exemption | Under 6 | Over 6 |
| Alabama | 1 year | 11-15-96 | ||||||
| Alaska | 1 year | 7-1-97 | ||||||
| Arizona | 1 year | 10-1-96 | ||||||
| Arkansas | 3 months | 7-1-97 | ||||||
| California | 6 months (7) | 1-1-98 | ||||||
| Colorado | county | |||||||
| Connecticut | 1 year | 1-1-96 | 1 year (8) | 10-1-96 | ||||
| Delaware | 12 weeks | 13 weeks | 3-10-97 | |||||
| DC | 1 year | 3-1-97 | ||||||
| Florida | 6 months | 3 months | 10-1-96 | |||||
| Georgia | No | 1-1-97 | ||||||
| Hawaii | 6 months | 2-1-97 | 6 months | 7-1-97 | ||||
| Idaho | 12 weeks | No | 7-1-97 | |||||
| Illinois | 1 year | 7-1-97 | ||||||
| Indiana | 2 years (9) | 1 year (10) | 10-1-96 | |||||
| Iowa | 3 months | 10-1-93 | No | 1-1-97 | ||||
| Kansas | 1 year | 10-1-96 | ||||||
| Kentucky | 1 year | 10-18-96 | ||||||
| Louisiana | 1 year | 1-1-97 | ||||||
| Maine | 2 year | 1 year | 11-1-96 | |||||
| Maryland | 12 weeks | 10-1-96 | 1 year | 12-9-96 | ||||
| Massachusetts | 6 years (11) | 6 months | 9-30-96 | |||||
| Michigan | No | 10-6-94 | 3 months | 9-30-96 | ||||
| Minnesota | 1 year | 7-1-97 | ||||||
| Mississippi | 1 year | 7-1-97 | ||||||
| Missouri | 1 year | 12-1-96 | ||||||
| Montana | 1 year | No | 2-1-97 | |||||
| Nebraska | 12 weeks | 3 months | 7-1-97 | |||||
| Nevada | 1 year | 12-3-96 | ||||||
| New Hampshire | 1 year (12) | 3 years | ||||||
| New Jersey | 2 year | 10-1-92 | 12 weeks | 7-1-97 | ||||
| New Mexico | 1 year | 7-1-97 | ||||||
| New York | 1 year | 11-1-97 | ||||||
| North Carolina | 5 years (13) | 1 year | 1-1-97 | |||||
| North Dakota | 3 months | 7-1-97 | ||||||
| Ohio | 1 year | 10-1-96 | ||||||
| Oklahoma | 1 year | 10-1-96 | ||||||
| Oregon | 3 months | 2-1-93 | 90 days | 10-1-96 | ||||
| Pennsylvania | 1 year | 3-3-97 | ||||||
| Rhode Island | 1 year | 5-1-97 | ||||||
| South Carolina | 1 year (14) | 1 year | 10-12-96 | |||||
| South Dakota | 12 weeks | 12-1-96 | ||||||
| Tennessee | 16 weeks | 9-1-96 | 4 months | 10-1-96 | ||||
| Texas | 5 years (15) | 4 years (15) | ||||||
| Utah | No | 1-1-96 | No | 10-1-96 | ||||
| Vermont | 16 weeks | 7-1-94 | 18 months | 9-20-96 | ||||
| Virginia | 18 months | 18 months (16) | 10-1-97 | |||||
| Washington | 1 year (17) | 1-10-97 | ||||||
| West Virginia | 1 year | 1-11-97 | ||||||
| Wisconsin | 1 year | 1-1-96 | 12 weeks | 9-1-97 | ||||
| Wyoming | 3 months | 1-1-97 | ||||||
|
Note: Table W-2a shows age of youngest child at which
the parent is required to participate part time in a work-related activity.
Source: Department of Health and Human Services, Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, Setting the Baseline: A Report on State Welfare Waivers and other unpublished documents. |
||||||||
1. Arizona begin to phase in its JOBS exemptions change beginning November 1995.
2. Delaware began implementation of its JOBS exemptions policy with a small number of cases in October 1995; these became universal in March 1997.
3. Montana's JOBS work exemptions policy for adults caring for a young child began in eight counties in February 1996 and was phased in statewide by February 1997.
4. Nebraska began to implement its "Welfare Reform Demonstration Project" in eight counties in October 1995 which included reduced JOBS exemptions.
5. Utah's JOBS work exemptions policy for adults caring for a young child began in seven counties in January 1993.
6. Virginia's JOBS exemptions change began in five counties in July 1995 and was expanded to the entire state by October 1997.
7. California counties may lengthen the exemption age to 12 months or shorten it to 12 weeks. For children born while after the family is receiving assistance, the parents are exempt while the youngest child is under 12 weeks old.
8. The exemption does not apply to children that are subject to the family cap.
9. Not coded for inclusion in the set of dummy variables. Indiana parents are exempt while the youngest child was under two years old for children not subject to the family cap. For children conceived while the family is on AFDC, exemptions will only be allowed for care of a child under 12 weeks.
10. Effective June 1998, Indiana parents are exempt while the youngest child was under six months old for children not subject to the family cap and effective December 1998, the age drops to 12 weeks. For children conceived while the family is on AFDC, exemptions will only be allowed for care of a child under 12 weeks.
11. Not coded for inclusion in the set of dummy variables. Massachusetts parents whose youngest child is between two years and six years old may become nonexempt if work activities become available. Parents are exempt while the youngest child is under 3 months for children not in the assistance unit.
12. In New Hampshire, the age of child exemption may be reduced to 13 weeks in the case of a child conceived while the parent was receiving AFDC, with certain restrictions.
13. Not coded for inclusion in the set of dummy variables.
14. In South Carolina, exemption for child care is not provided if custodial parent is under age 25 and has not completed high school.
15. Not coded for inclusion in the set of dummy variables. In Texas, JOBS exemption based on age of youngest child may be used only once for each family.
16. Virginia parents are exempt while the younges child is under six weeks for children subject to the family cap.
17. Effective June 30, 1999, the exempt age in Washington state decreases from one year to three months.
Main Report: State Implementation of Major Changes to Welfare Policies, 1992 – 1998
More Welfare Issues
Home Pages:
Human Services Policy (HSP)
Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation
(ASPE)
U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)
Last updated 1/11/00