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National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies: 2-Year Client Survey Files: Annotated tables display key outcomes of use and cost of child care for employment

                                                           Table 9.1                                                     Program Impacts on Child Care Use                                        While Employed During the Two-Year Follow-Up Period                                                   Sample  Program  Control Difference   Percentage Site and Program                                   Size    Group    Group   (Impact)   Change (%)  Ever used child care during most recent or current job (%)  Atlanta Labor Force Attachment                      1890    33.2    29.0     4.2 **      14.4       vhanycc Atlanta Human Capital Development                   2199    31.8    29.0     2.9          9.9       vhanycc  Grand Rapids Labor Force Attachment                 1158    50.0    43.3     6.7 **      15.5       vhanycc Grand Rapids Human Capital Development              1158    42.5    43.3    -0.8         -1.9       vhanycc  Riverside Labor Force Attachment                    1678    42.5    29.4    13.1 ***     44.6       vhanycc   Lacked high school diploma or basic               1012    39.5    23.3    16.1 ***     69.2       vhanycc Riverside Human Capital Development                 1350    30.1    23.3     6.7 **      28.7       vhanycc  Columbus Integrated                                  728    38.3    36.0     2.3          6.4       vhanycc Columbus Traditional                                 723    36.1    36.0     0.0          0.1       vhanycc  Detroit                                              426    40.6    33.2     7.5 *       22.5       vhanycc  Oklahoma City                                        511    53.3    43.6     9.6 **      22.1       vhanycc  Portland                                             610    48.9    39.0     9.9 **      25.3       vhanycc  Ever used paid child care during most recent or current job (%)  Atlanta Labor Force Attachment                      1890    25.5    19.7     5.8 ***     29.4       paidcc Atlanta Human Capital Development                   2199    23.9    19.7     4.2 **      21.2       paidcc  Grand Rapids Labor Force Attachment                 1158    39.6    32.3     7.4 ***     22.8       paidcc Grand Rapids Human Capital Development              1158    32.0    32.3    -0.3         -0.8       paidcc  Riverside Labor Force Attachment                    1678    28.8    20.9     7.9 ***     37.6       paidcc   Lacked high school diploma or basic skills        1012    26.1    15.2    10.9 ***     72.1       paidcc Riverside Human Capital Development                 1350    21.7    15.2     6.6 ***     43.3       paidcc  Columbus Integrated                                  728    28.1    22.7     5.5 *       24.2       paidcc Columbus Traditional                                 723    25.1    22.7     2.4         10.6       paidcc  Detroit                                              426    35.9    22.9    13.0 ***     56.5       paidcc  Oklahoma City                                        511    36.1    29.5     6.6 *       22.4       paidcc  Portland                                             610    41.3    29.4    11.9 ***     40.6       paidcc 

 


 

                                                               Table 9.2                                            Program Impacts on Employment Status and Child Care Use                                           While Employed During the Two-Year Follow-Up Period                                                    Sample Program  Control   Difference  Percentage Site and Program                                   Size   Group     Group     (Impact)  Change (%)  Atlanta Labor Force Attachment  Child care used for employment (%)                1890    33.2     29.0         4.2 **      14.4         vhanycc     Worked full time and used child care                   22.1     21.9         0.2          0.9         ccwrkft     Worked part time and used child care                   10.1      6.6         3.4 ***     51.6         ccwrknft  Atlanta Human Capital Development  Child care used for employment (%)                2199    31.8     29.0         2.9          9.9         vhanycc     Worked full time and used child care                   24.9     21.9         2.9 *       13.3         ccwrkft     Worked part time and used child care                    6.8      6.6         0.2          2.3         ccwrknft  Grand Rapids Labor Force Attachment  Child care used for employment (%)                1158    50.0     43.3         6.7 **      15.5         vhanycc     Worked full time and used child care                   34.6     31.8         2.8          8.8         ccwrkft     Worked part time and used child care                   15.2     11.3         3.9 **      34.9         ccwrknft  Grand Rapids Human Capital Development  Child care used for employment (%)                1158    42.5     43.3        -0.8         -1.9         vhanycc     Worked full time and used child care                   30.9     31.8        -0.9         -2.8         ccwrkft     Worked part time and used child care                   11.2     11.3        -0.1         -0.8         ccwrknft  Riverside Labor Force Attachment  Child care used for employment (%)                1678    42.5     29.4        13.1 ***     44.6         vhanycc     Worked full time and used child care                   29.9     18.8        11.1 ***     58.7         ccwrkft     Worked part time and used child care                   12.6     10.5         2.1         19.5         ccwrknft  Riverside Labor Force Attachment for those who lacked a high school diploma or basic skills  Child care used for employment (%)                1012    39.5    23.3        16.1 ***     69.2         vhanycc     Worked full time and used child care                   26.9    15.3        11.6 ***     76.1         ccwrkft     Worked part time and used child care                   12.6     8.1         4.5 **      56.0         ccwrknft  Riverside Human Capital Development  Child care used for employment (%)                1350    30.1    23.3         6.7 **      28.7         vhanycc     Worked full time and used child care                   20.9    15.3         5.6 **      36.7         ccwrkft     Worked part time and used child care                    9.2     8.1         1.1         13.7         ccwrknft                                                                                                   (continued)                                                        Table 9.2 (continued)                                                        Sample  Program  Control  Difference  Percentage Site and Program                                     Size    Group    Group    (Impact)   Change (%)  Columbus Integrated  Child care used for employment (%)                   728    38.3     36.0       2.3          6.4       vhanycc     Worked full time and used child care                     29.4     26.8       2.6          9.6       ccwrkft     Worked part time and used child care                      8.4      8.5       0.0         -0.5       ccwrknft  Columbus Traditional  Child care used for employment (%)                   723    36.1     36.0       0.0          0.1       vhanycc     Worked full time and used child care                     25.8     26.8      -1.0         -3.6       ccwrkft     Worked part time and used child care                     10.0      8.5       1.5         17.7       ccwrknft  Detroit  Child care used for employment (%)                   426    40.6     33.2       7.5 *       22.5       vhanycc     Worked full time and used child care                     28.1     23.1       5.0         21.5       ccwrkft     Worked part time and used child care                     12.5     10.0       2.5         24.9       ccwrknft  Oklahoma City  Child care used for employment (%)                   511    53.3     43.6       9.6 **      22.1       vhanycc     Worked full time and used child care                     40.8     33.4       7.4 *       22.1       ccwrkft     Worked part time and used child care                     12.4      9.9       2.6         26.0       ccwrknft  Portland  Child care used for employment (%)                   610    48.9     39.0       9.9 **      25.3       vhanycc     Worked full time and used child care                     39.5     27.7      11.8 ***     42.4       ccwrkft     Worked part time and used child care                      9.4     10.9      -1.5        -13.7       ccwrknft 

 


 

                                                    Table 9.3                                       Program Impacts on Child Care Costs for Employment at Interview                                       for All Sample Members and for Those Employed at Interview                                                   Sample  Program Control  Difference   Percentage Site and Program                                   Size    Group   Group    (Impact)    Change (%)                                                                A. For All Sample Members Monthly cost of child care paid by respondent ($)  Atlanta Labor Force Attachment                      1890      13      15      -2        -16.3       mntempai Atlanta Human Capital Development                   2199      18      15       3         20.6       mntempai  Grand Rapids Labor Force Attachment                 1158      62      48      14 **      29.8       mntempai Grand Rapids Human Capital Development              1158      42      48      -6        -12.3       mntempai  Riverside Labor Force Attachment                    1678      34      24      10 **      40.9       mntempai   Lacked high school diploma or basic skills        1012      25      17       8         47.2       mntempai Riverside Human Capital Development                 1350      30      17      13 **      77.5       mntempai  Columbus Integrated                                  728      34      23      11 *       47.7       mntempai Columbus Traditional                                 723      28      23       5         23.0       mntempai  Detroit                                              426      56      37      19 *       51.7       mntempai  Oklahoma City                                        511      23      24      -1         -4.3       mntempai  Portland                                             610      51      35      17         48.5       mntempai  Out-of-pocket child care paid by respondent (%)  Atlanta Labor Force Attachment                      1890    10.2    10.9    -0.7         -6.3       pktempai Atlanta Human Capital Development                   2199    12.9    10.9     2.0         18.6       pktempai  Grand Rapids Labor Force Attachment                 1158    25.5    22.0     3.5         16.0       pktempai Grand Rapids Human Capital Development              1158    18.0    22.0    -4.0 *      -18.0       pktempai  Riverside Labor Force Attachment                    1678    14.0    11.6     2.3         20.0       pktempai   Lacked high school diploma or basic skills        1012    10.5     8.4     2.1         25.2       pktempai Riverside Human Capital Development                 1350    13.1     8.4     4.7 **      55.7       pktempai  Columbus Integrated                                  728    17.8    13.2     4.6 *       35.0       pktempai Columbus Traditional                                 723    14.5    13.2     1.4         10.4       pktempai  Detroit                                              426    22.7    14.5     8.3 **      57.4       pktempai  Oklahoma City                                        511    18.5    16.7     1.8         10.7       pktempai  Portland                                             610    21.5    15.3     6.2 *       40.7       pktempai                                                                                                 (continued)                                             Table 9.3 (continued)                                            Program Control            Percentage Site and Program                           Group   Group Difference Change (%)                                           B. For Those Employed at Interview Monthly cost of child care paid by respondent ($)  Atlanta Labor Force Attachment                 34      41      -7       -18.1    jobstlin Atlanta Human Capital Development              50      41       9        21.1    jobstlin  Grand Rapids Labor Force Attachment           115      97      19        19.4    jobstlin Grand Rapids Human Capital Development         87      97     -10       -10.1    jobstlin  Riverside Labor Force Attachment               82      69      13        19.4    jobstlin   Lacked high school diploma or basic ski      72      64       8        11.7    jobstlin Riverside Human Capital Development            87      64      23        36.0    jobstlin  Columbus Integrated                            69      56      14        24.8    jobstlin Columbus Traditional                           64      56       8        15.1    jobstlin  Detroit                                       134     110      24        22.1    jobstlin  Oklahoma City                                  48      53      -4        -8.4    jobstlin  Portland                                      104     100       4         4.0    jobstlin  Out-of-pocket child care paid by respondent (%)  Atlanta Labor Force Attachment               27.2    29.7    -2.5        -8.3    jobstlin Atlanta Human Capital Development            35.3    29.7     5.7        19.2    jobstlin  Grand Rapids Labor Force Attachment          47.1    44.2     3.0         6.7    jobstlin Grand Rapids Human Capital Development       37.1    44.2    -7.0       -15.9    jobstlin  Riverside Labor Force Attachment             34.1    33.6     0.5         1.6    jobstlin   Lacked high school diploma or basic ski    30.1    31.7    -1.6        -5.0    jobstlin Riverside Human Capital Development          37.8    31.7     6.1        19.3    jobstlin  Columbus Integrated                          36.5    32.0     4.5        14.1    jobstlin Columbus Traditional                         33.1    32.0     1.1         3.3    jobstlin  Detroit                                      54.6    43.1    11.5        26.7    jobstlin  Oklahoma City                                38.9    36.7     2.2         5.9    jobstlin  Portland                                     43.4    44.1    -0.6        -1.5    jobstlin 

 


 

 Table 9.6                              Program Impacts on Subsidized Child Care Use While Employed During Follow-Up Period                                         for All Sample Members and for Those Who Used Paid Care                                                    Sample  Program Control Difference Percentage Site and Program                                    Size    Group   Group  (Impact)   Change (%)                                                              A. For All Sample Members Used subsidized child care for most recent job (%)  Atlanta Labor Force Attachment                      1890     8.8     2.6     6.2 ***    237.9       nopktcc Atlanta Human Capital Development                   2199     5.5     2.6     2.9 ***    111.7       nopktcc  Grand Rapids Labor Force Attachment                 1158     2.1     0.6     1.4 *      231.0       nopktcc Grand Rapids Human Capital Development              1158     2.6     0.6     1.9 **     311.3       nopktcc  Riverside Labor Force Attachment                    1678     3.8     1.5     2.4 ***    158.3       nopktcc   Lacked high school diploma or basic skills        1012     3.3     0.7     2.7 ***    407.7       nopktcc Riverside Human Capital Development                 1350     1.4     0.7     0.8        119.9       nopktcc  Columbus Integrated                                  728     1.9     3.8    -1.9        -50.3       nopktcc Columbus Traditional                                 723     3.7     3.8    -0.1         -3.3       nopktcc  Detroit                                              426     3.1     0.7     2.4 *      360.5       nopktcc  Oklahoma City                                        511     5.5     5.0     0.5          9.2       nopktcc  Portland                                             610     9.1     3.7     5.4 **     147.3       nopktcc 

 


 

                                                    Table 9.7  Program Impacts on Transitional Child Care Benefits During the Two-Year Follow-Up Period                                                   Sample  Program Control  Difference Percentage Site and Program                                   Size    Group   Group    (Impact)  Change (%)                                                                A. For All Sample Members Informed of transitional child care benefits (%)  Atlanta Labor Force Attachment                      1890     9.3     5.0     4.3 ***     84.8       VFCCINFO Atlanta Human Capital Development                   2199     6.4     5.0     1.4         26.8       VFCCINFO  Grand Rapids Labor Force Attachment                 1158     6.9     2.9     4.0 ***    135.0       VFCCINFO Grand Rapids Human Capital Development              1158     4.2     2.9     1.3         44.6       VFCCINFO  Riverside Labor Force Attachment                    1678    10.4     3.2     7.1 ***    219.7       VFCCINFO   Lacked high school diploma or basic skills        1012     7.4     1.9     5.5 ***    286.6       VFCCINFO Riverside Human Capital Development                 1350     4.6     1.9     2.7 **     142.0       VFCCINFO  Columbus Integrated                                  728    10.8     5.0     5.9 ***    118.0       VFCCINFO Columbus Traditional                                 723     7.1     5.0     2.2         43.7       VFCCINFO  Detroit                                              426     3.7     3.4     0.3          9.2       VFCCINFO  Oklahoma City                                        511    10.2    11.7    -1.6        -13.2       VFCCINFO  Portland                                             610    20.2    13.5     6.7 **      49.9       VFCCINFO  Used transitional child care benefits (%)  Atlanta Labor Force Attachment                      1890    12.1     5.3     6.8 ***    129.0       VFCCTRAN Atlanta Human Capital Development                   2199     7.7     5.3     2.4 **      45.3       VFCCTRAN  Grand Rapids Labor Force Attachment                 1158     5.1     2.1     2.9 ***    135.2       VFCCTRAN Grand Rapids Human Capital Development              1158     3.1     2.1     0.9         42.3       VFCCTRAN  Riverside Labor Force Attachment                    1678     3.4     1.5     1.9 ***    128.8       VFCCTRAN   Lacked high school diploma or basic skills        1012     2.9     1.0     1.8 **     179.0       VFCCTRAN Riverside Human Capital Development                 1350     1.3     1.0     0.2         22.9       VFCCTRAN  Columbus Integrated                                  728     5.4     3.9     1.5         37.7       VFCCTRAN Columbus Traditional                                 723     4.9     3.9     1.0         26.1       VFCCTRAN  Detroit                                              426     4.5     2.1     2.5        119.5       VFCCTRAN  Oklahoma City                                        511    11.5    14.0    -2.4        -17.4       VFCCTRAN  Portland                                             610    23.5    12.5    11.0 ***     87.5       VFCCTRAN 

 


 

                                                               Table 9.8                                     Program Impacts on Child Care-Related Work Attendance for                  Employment at Interview for All Sample Members and for Those Employed at Interview                                                    Sample Program Control Difference   Percentage Site and Program                                    Size   Group   Group   (Impact)   Change (%)                                                             A. For All Sample Members Missed or late for work at interview (%)  Atlanta Labor Force Attachment                      1890     5.6     6.9    -1.2        -18.0       prbempai Atlanta Human Capital Development                   2199     8.0     6.9     1.1         16.7       prbempai  Grand Rapids Labor Force Attachment                 1158    12.7    10.9     1.8         16.5       prbempai Grand Rapids Human Capital Development              1158    10.3    10.9    -0.5         -5.0       prbempai  Riverside Labor Force Attachment                    1678     8.6     5.8     2.8 **      48.3       prbempai   Lacked high school diploma or basic skills        1012     7.6     3.6     3.9 ***    109.6       prbempai Riverside Human Capital Development                 1350     7.8     3.6     4.2 ***    116.9       prbempai  Columbus Integrated                                  728    10.9    10.2     0.7          6.5       prbempai Columbus Traditional                                 723    10.2    10.2     0.0         -0.1       prbempai  Detroit                                              426    14.6    11.2     3.4         30.4       prbempai  Oklahoma City                                        511    13.3     9.8     3.5         35.9       prbempai  Portland                                             610    14.3     7.7     6.7 **      87.3       prbempai