Understanding Adoption Subsidies: An Analysis of AFCARS Data

Appendix A

Contents

  1. Median Months from Most Recent Entry into Out-of-Home Care to Adoption, by Child's Age at Adoption, by State, FY 2001
  2. Proportion of Adopted Children Meeting Special Needs Criteria, by State, FY 2001
  3. Proportion of Adopted Children with Deferred Subsidy Payments, by State, FY 2001
  4. Proportion of Adopted Children Who Received Subsidy Assistance, by State, FY 2001
  5. Federal + State Adoption Subsidy Rate, by State, FY 1999-2001
  6. Comparison of Adoption Subsidies and Foster Care Payment Rates, by State, FY 2001
  7. Median Monthly Adoption Subsidy Amount by Age, by State, FY 2001
  8. Median Monthly Adoption Subsidy Amount, by State, FY 1999-2001
  9. Comparison of Adoption Subsidy Median Amounts with Foster Care Subsidy Median Amounts by Age, by State, FY 2001
  10. Adoption Rates, Adoption Subsidy Rate, and Median Adoption Subsidy Amount, by State, FY 2001

Table A-1.
Median Months from Most Recent Entry into Out-of-Home Care to Adoption, by Child's Age at Adoption, by State, FY 2001
State Age at Adoption Total
0 to 5 6 to 12 13 to 17
Adopted Children Median Months Adopted Children Median Months Adopted Children Median Months Total Adopted Children Median
Months
Alabama 80 34.8 73 52.4 5 117.5 158 46.0
Alaska 113 29.2 76 42.2 9 68.3 198 35.6
Arizona 414 28.4 330 38.1 64 50.4 808 32.7
Arkansas 146 26.0 150 33.7 46 38.4 342 28.9
California 3,915 31.5 2,661 49.1 483 61.9 7,059 38.8
Colorado 216 18.2 160 24.0 44 20.0 420 20.6
Connecticut 215 36.0 155 56.0 22 62.9 392 46.2
Delaware 62 33.0 49 41.6 3 50.6 114 39.7
District of Columbia 15 42.0 31 54.2 7 49.4 53 53.5
Florida 743 28.6 522 46.3 117 48.2 1,382 34.1
Georgia 420 30.0 414 51.5 78 66.3 912 40.1
Hawaii 166 20.2 93 32.6 12 34.4 271 23.7
Idaho 56 25.6 35 41.9 12 31.3 103 28.8
Illinois 1,538 37.1 1,840 69.1 346 74.5 3,724 51.0
Indiana 477 27.4 444 39.2 127 53.8 1,048 32.4
Iowa 252 22.3 217 33.6 68 38.7 537 27.0
Kansas 14 24.5 6 50.5 0 0.0 20 27.1
Kentucky 202 31.1 228 45.7 69 44.8 499 40.1
Louisiana 179 30.9 228 48.9 56 57.3 463 41.8
Maine 141 32.2 114 49.1 23 80.3 278 42.2
Maryland 250 35.2 277 68.8 56 75.1 583 49.9
Massachusetts 386 31.2 345 54.9 65 62.6 796 40.3
Michigan 802 26.2 766 32.5 138 35.5 1,706 29.6
Minnesota 234 24.1 183 37.9 19 69.4 436 30.1
Mississippi 94 32.2 92 52.6 24 61.1 210 40.2
Missouri 531 26.5 401 44.8 103 46.2 1,035 32.8
Montana 125 23.6 92 38.4 24 55.8 241 30.0
Nebraska 7 39.8 11 68.0 0 0.0 18 56.9
Nevada 22 29.9 14 72.9 4 124.8 40 49.5
New Hampshire 36 37.6 28 56.2 5 33.9 69 41.5
New Jersey 501 35.0 309 57.7 42 77.1 852 43.3
New Mexico 97 26.4 134 37.4 22 33.1 253 32.5
New York 1,357 40.5 1,901 76.9 512 100.5 3770 59.2
North Carolina 561 28.1 493 40.3 121 41.0 1,175 33.3
North Dakota 41 21.3 20 39.8 15 47.9 76 30.3
Ohio 910 27.2 608 41.7 153 52.5 1,671 33.3
Oklahoma 388 27.4 420 43.2 110 43.4 918 33.9
Oregon 516 30.9 448 47.0 67 61.4 1,031 40.4
Pennsylvania 723 29.0 761 54.4 194 62.4 1,678 41.0
Rhode Island 86 22.3 54 39.5 8 35.9 148 25.6
South Carolina 188 31.9 162 56.7 45 62.0 395 40.3
South Dakota 67 19.2 25 35.5 4 40.4 96 23.9
Tennessee 239 31.9 319 64.8 81 79.3 639 53.0
Texas 1,110 20.2 700 32.7 112 39.2 1,922 23.9
Utah 199 14.2 104 26.4 15 42.3 318 17.3
Vermont 36 27.7 33 44.3 10 61.5 79 35.2
Virginia 174 30.4 195 48.0 38 56.3 407 37.3
Washington 628 28.1 371 45.0 46 50.9 1,045 33.1
West Virginia 135 27.1 145 38.4 40 50.5 320 34.2
Wisconsin 269 30.4 270 46.9 46 49.2 585 38.8
Wyoming 7 22.5 8 54.8 1 64.8 16 42.9
Puerto Rico 44 31.1 23 78.0 1 93.6 68 44.5
Total 20,127 29.7 17,538 49.3 3,712 59.0 41,377 38.1
Notes:
  1. Data are based on children who exited out-of-home care to adoption in the 2001 AFCARS reporting period (from the foster care data file), with valid entry and exit dates.
  2. Except where noted, data presented in these tables are reported to ACF by states. Although ACF continues to work with states to improve the quality of AFCARS data, neither ACF nor RTI can verify the validity or completeness of these data.

Source: AFCARS 2001, foster care data.

Table A-2.
Proportion of Adopted Children Meeting Special Needs Criteria, by State, FY 2001
State Age at Adoption
Total 0 to 5 6 to 12 13 to 17
Adopted Children Special Needs Children % Adopted Children Special Needs Children % Adopted Children Special Needs Children % Adopted Children Special Needs Children %
Alabama 237 111 46.8 117 50 42.7 107 55 51.4 13 6 46.2
Alaska 278 278 100.0 143 143 100.0 119 119 100.0 16 16 100.0
Arizona 938 780 83.2 469 353 75.3 388 351 90.5 81 76 93.8
Arkansas 361 347 96.1 154 147 95.5 160 157 98.1 47 43 91.5
California 9,822 9,591 97.6 5,353 5,173 96.6 3,740 3,695 98.8 729 723 99.2
Colorado* 342 211 61.7 223 113 50.7 105 85 81.0 14 13 92.9
Connecticut 444 0 0.0 246 0 0.0 171 0 0.0 27 0 0.0
Delaware 115 112 97.4 62 60 96.8 48 47 97.9 5 5 100.0
District of Columbia 226 221 97.8 61 56 91.8 144 144 100.0 21 21 100.0
Florida 1,712 1,643 96.0 904 856 94.7 656 638 97.3 152 149 98.0
Georgia 895 431 48.2 404 176 43.6 404 203 50.2 87 52 59.8
Hawaii 260 246 94.6 155 147 94.8 89 86 96.6 16 13 81.3
Idaho 123 113 91.9 67 60 89.6 41 40 97.6 15 13 86.7
Illinois 4,095 4,014 98.0 1,661 1,580 95.1 2,031 2,031 100.0 403 403 100.0
Indiana* 155 117 75.5 64 40 62.5 69 57 82.6 22 20 90.9
Iowa 659 374 56.8 302 120 39.7 265 190 71.7 92 64 69.6
Kansas 423 314 74.2 179 124 69.3 183 136 74.3 61 54 88.5
Kentucky 571 295 51.7 226 106 46.9 266 142 53.4 79 47 59.5
Louisiana 470 376 80.0 178 124 69.7 234 194 82.9 58 58 100.0
Maine 363 159 43.8 176 80 45.5 148 69 46.6 39 10 25.6
Maryland 812 796 98.0 353 337 95.5 379 379 100.0 80 80 100.0
Massachusetts 776 768 99.0 388 386 99.5 328 325 99.1 60 57 95.0
Michigan 2,975 2,489 83.7 1,336 1,084 81.1 1,370 1,183 86.4 269 222 82.5
Minnesota* 363 299 82.4 132 88 66.7 209 191 91.4 22 20 90.9
Mississippi 264 217 82.2 111 66 59.5 121 119 98.3 32 32 100.0
Missouri 1,051 844 80.3 518 395 76.3 409 343 83.9 124 106 85.5
Montana 275 231 84.0 123 79 64.2 117 117 100.0 35 35 100.0
Nebraska 292 270 92.5 129 115 89.1 130 122 93.8 33 33 100.0
Nevada 242 233 96.3 149 143 96.0 81 78 96.3 12 12 100.0
New Hampshire 95 95 100.0 45 45 100.0 44 44 100.0 6 6 100.0
New Jersey 1,025 920 89.8 591 523 88.5 384 353 91.9 50 44 88.0
New Mexico 369 352 95.4 140 130 92.9 194 189 97.4 35 33 94.3
New York 3,888 3,726 95.8 1,361 1,246 91.6 1,971 1,932 98.0 556 548 98.6
North Carolina 1,298 1,210 93.2 643 590 91.8 520 491 94.4 135 129 95.6
North Dakota 145 101 69.7 87 43 49.4 41 41 100.0 17 17 100.0
Ohio 2,149 2,146 99.9 1,113 1,111 99.8 838 838 100.0 198 197 99.5
Oklahoma 955 912 95.5 391 355 90.8 448 441 98.4 116 116 100.0
Oregon 1,071 1,059 98.9 520 515 99.0 474 468 98.7 77 76 98.7
Pennsylvania 1,560 860 55.1 686 398 58.0 681 362 53.2 193 100 51.8
Rhode Island 267 123 46.1 149 57 38.3 99 55 55.6 19 11 57.9
South Carolina 373 345 92.5 173 157 90.8 155 144 92.9 45 44 97.8
South Dakota 97 97 100.0 52 52 100.0 39 39 100.0 6 6 100.0
Tennessee 638 516 80.9 235 133 56.6 323 303 93.8 80 80 100.0
Texas 2,312 2,087 90.3 1,351 1,129 83.6 828 825 99.6 133 133 100.0
Utah 348 328 94.3 217 203 93.5 114 109 95.6 17 16 94.1
Vermont 115 115 100.0 50 50 100.0 49 49 100.0 16 16 100.0
Virginia 493 322 65.3 199 101 50.8 238 177 74.4 56 44 78.6
Washington 1,203 852 70.8 703 505 71.8 445 310 69.7 55 37 67.3
West Virginia 326 326 100.0 136 136 100.0 149 149 100.0 41 41 100.0
Wisconsin 753 714 94.8 382 348 91.1 323 318 98.5 48 48 100.0
Wyoming 46 42 91.3 14 12 85.7 27 26 96.3 5 4 80.0
Puerto Rico 248 67 27.0 124 16 12.9 99 36 36.4 25 15 60.0
Total 49,313 43,195 87.6 23,745 20,056 84.5 20,995 18,995 90.5 4,573 4,144 90.6
Notes:
  1. “Special needs” is defined per each state's eligibility criteria for an adoption subsidy under Title IV-E.
  2. Missing data are excluded from these analyses.
  3. Except where noted, data presented in these tables are reported to ACF by states. Although ACF continues to work with states to improve the quality of AFCARS data, neither ACF nor RTI can verify the validity or completeness of these data.

* These states had missing or invalid special needs data for more than 30 percent of their cases.

Source: AFCARS 2001, adoption data.

Table A-3.
Proportion of Adopted Children with Deferred Subsidy Payments, by State, FY 2001
State N Subsidy Provided?
Yes, with Payment Yes, Deferred No
n (%) n (%) n (%)
Alabama 237 111 46.8 0 0.0 126 53.2
Alaska 278 271 97.5 0 0.0 7 2.5
Arizona 938 837 89.2 48 5.1 53 5.7
Arkansas 361 320 88.6 2 0.6 39 10.8
California 9,822 8,982 91.5 1 0.0 839 8.5
Colorado 596 522 87.6 27 4.5 47 7.9
Connecticut 444 73 16.4 0 0.0 371 83.6
Delaware 115 112 97.4 0 0.0 3 2.6
District of Columbia 227 130 57.3 0 0.0 97 42.7
Florida 1,748 1,123 64.2 0 0.0 625 35.8
Georgia 896 413 46.1 20 2.2 463 51.7
Hawaii 260 216 83.1 0 0.0 44 16.9
Idaho 123 104 84.6 0 0.0 19 15.5
Illinois 4,079 3,921 96.1 5 0.1 153 3.8
Indiana 867 449 51.8 0 0.0 418 48.2
Iowa 659 504 76.5 0 0.0 155 23.5
Kansas 423 304 71.9 4 1.0 115 27.2
Kentucky 571 401 70.2 3 0.5 167 29.3
Louisiana 470 428 91.1 0 0.0 42 8.9
Maine 363 350 96.4 10 2.8 3 0.8
Maryland 812 797 98.2 2 0.3 13 1.6
Massachusetts 721 644 89.3 0 0.0 77 10.7
Michigan 2,975 2,868 96.4 0 0.0 107 3.6
Minnesota 565 561 99.3 0 0.0 4 0.7
Mississippi 264 215 81.4 0 0.0 49 18.6
Missouri 1,091 1,052 96.4 0 0.0 39 3.6
Montana 275 248 90.2 0 0.0 27 9.8
Nebraska 292 201 68.8 0 0.0 91 31.2
Nevada 243 229 94.2 1 0.4 13 5.4
New Hampshire 95 84 88.4 0 0.0 11 11.6
New Jersey 1,025 908 88.6 16 1.6 101 9.9
New Mexico 369 330 89.4 0 0.0 39 10.6
New York 3,888 3,808 97.9 0 0.0 80 2.1
North Carolina 1298 1,194 92.0 29 2.2 75 5.8
North Dakota 145 91 62.8 0 0.0 54 37.2
Ohio 2,225 2,132 95.8 5 0.2 88 4.0
Oklahoma 955 905 94.8 45 4.7 5 0.5
Oregon 1071 1,042 97.3 18 1.7 11 1.0
Pennsylvania 1,525 1,373 90.0 3 0.2 149 9.8
Rhode Island 267 265 99.3 1 0.4 1 0.4
South Carolina 364 364 100.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
South Dakota 97 63 65.0 0 0.0 34 35.1
Tennessee 638 518 81.2 0 0.0 120 18.8
Texas 2,317 1,681 72.6 0 0.0 636 27.5
Utah 348 266 76.4 3 0.9 79 22.7
Vermont 116 99 85.3 0 0.0 17 14.7
Virginia 493 440 89.3 31 6.3 22 4.5
Washington 1,203 1,107 92.0 68 5.7 28 2.3
West Virginia 362 311 85.9 21 5.8 30 8.3
Wisconsin 753 716 95.1 31 4.1 6 0.8
Wyoming 46 41 89.1 2 4.4 3 6.5
Puerto Rico 250 31 12.4 2 0.8 217 86.8
Total 50,565 44,155 87.3 398 0.8 6,012 11.9
Notes:
  1. Children reported to receive a $0 or $1 subsidy are considered to have a deferred subsidy. This number is likely underreported due to differences in how states report deferred agreements.
  2. Except where noted, data presented in these tables are reported to ACF by states. Although ACF continues to work with states to improve the quality of AFCARS data, neither ACF nor RTI can verify the validity or completeness of these data.

Source: AFCARS 2001, adoption data.

Table A-4.
Proportion of Adopted Children Who Received Subsidy Assistance, by State, FY 2001
State  Adopted Children Percent of Adopted Children Receiving:
Federal + State Subsidy State Subsidy Any Subsidy No Subsidy Percent Subsidies
that are Federal + State
N (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)
Alabama 237 33.8 13.1 46.8 53.2 72
Alaska 278 82.4 15.1 97.5 2.5 85
Arizona 938 69.2 25.2 94.3 5.7 73
Arkansas 361 78.9 10.2 89.2 10.8 89
California 9,822 83.0 8.5 91.5 8.5 91
Colorado 596 60.7 31.4 92.1 7.9 66
Connecticut 444 10.4 6.1 16.4 83.6 63
Delaware 115 75.7 21.7 97.4 2.6 78
District of Columbia 227 44.1 13.2 57.3 42.7 77
Florida 1,748 56.6 7.7 64.2 35.8 88
Georgia 896 34.9 13.4 48.3 51.7 72
Hawaii 260 60.8 22.3 83.1 16.9 73
Idaho 123 76.4 8.1 84.6 15.4 90
Illinois 4,079 75.5 20.8 96.2 3.8 78
Indiana 867 51.8 0.0 51.8 48.2 100
Iowa 659 58.0 18.5 76.5 23.5 76
Kansas 423 61.7 11.1 72.8 27.2 85
Kentucky 571 55.9 14.9 70.8 29.2 79
Louisiana 470 74.7 16.4 91.1 8.9 82
Maine 363 91.7 7.4 99.2 0.8 93
Maryland 812 78.3 20.1 98.4 1.6 80
Massachusetts 721 48.1 41.2 89.3 10.7 54
Michigan 2,975 83.7 12.7 96.4 3.6 87
Minnesota 565 84.8 14.5 99.3 0.7 85
Mississippi 264 81.4 0.0 81.4 18.6 100
Missouri 1,091 67.9 28.5 96.4 3.6 70
Montana 275 60.4 29.8 90.2 9.8 67
Nebraska 292 51.4 17.5 68.8 31.2 75
Nevada 243 70.8 23.9 94.7 5.3 75
New Hampshire 95 88.4 0.0 88.4 11.6 100
New Jersey 1,025 77.6 12.6 90.1 9.9 86
New Mexico 369 89.4 0.0 89.4 10.6 100
New York 3,888 93.1 4.9 97.9 2.1 95
North Carolina 1,298 75.0 19.3 94.2 5.8 80
North Dakota 145 49.7 13.1 62.8 37.2 79
Ohio 2,225 95.9 0.2 96.0 4.0 100
Oklahoma 955 59.6 39.9 99.5 0.5 60
Oregon 1,071 79.4 19.6 99.0 1.0 80
Pennsylvania 1,525 84.7 5.5 90.2 9.8 94
Rhode Island 267 63.7 36.0 99.6 0.4 64
South Carolina 364 64.3 35.7 100.0 0.0 64
South Dakota 97 60.8 4.1 64.9 35.1 94
Tennessee 638 69.3 11.9 81.2 18.8 85
Texas 2,317 55.6 16.9 72.6 27.4 77
Utah 348 48.3 29.0 77.3 22.7 62
Vermont 116 85.3 0.0 85.3 14.7 100
Virginia 493 68.2 27.4 95.5 4.5 71
Washington 1,203 83.8 13.9 97.7 2.3 86
West Virginia 362 63.3 28.5 91.7 8.3 69
Wisconsin 753 84.7 14.5 99.2 0.8 85
Wyoming 46 78.3 15.2 93.5 6.5 84
Puerto Rico 250 10.4 2.8 13.2 86.8 79
Total 50,565 74.3 13.8 88.1 11.9 84
Notes:
  1. Invalid or missing subsidy data are excluded from these analyses.
  2. Children with a deferred subsidy are counted as receiving subsidy assistance and are likely underreported due to state variation in reporting these data.
  3. Except where noted, data presented in these tables are reported to ACF by states. Although ACF continues to work with states to improve the quality of AFCARS data, neither ACF nor RTI can verify the validity or completeness of these data.

Source: AFCARS 2001, adoption data.

Table A-5.
Federal + State Adoption Subsidy Rate, by State, FY 1999-2001
State Percent of Adopted Children
Receiving a Federal + State Subsidy		 Percent Change in Subsidy Rate
1999 2000 2001 1999-2000 2000-2001 1999-2001
Adopted Children % Adopted Children % Adopted Children % % % %
Alabama 153 39.2 199 28.6 237 33.8 -27 17.8 -13.9
Alaska 137 87.6 202 89.6 278 82.4 2.3 -8.1 -6
Arizona 760 60.7 853 71.8 938 69.2 18.3 -3.6 14.1
Arkansas 314 85.0 320 81.3 361 79.0 -4.4 -2.8 -7.2
California 6,365 68.4 8,736 78.2 9,822 83.0 14.3 6.2 21.3
Colorado 713 81.4 687 74.1 596 60.7 -8.9 -18 -25.3
Connecticut 402 32.1 499 37.3 444 10.4 16.2 -72.2 -67.7
Delaware 33 72.7 103 59.2 115 75.7 -18.6 27.7 4
District of Columbia 165 33.3 318 49.4 227 44.1 48.1 -10.8 32.2
Florida 1,355 40.7 1622 44.9 1,748 56.6 10.4 26.1 39.1
Georgia 1,148 53.6 1,076 51.9 896 34.9 -3.2 -32.6 -34.8
Hawaii 281 65.1 280 70.0 260 60.8 7.5 -13.2 -6.7
Idaho 107 72.0 123 69.9 123 76.4 -2.8 9.3 6.2
Illinois 7,084 89.1 5,646 89.4 4,079 75.5 0.4 -15.6 -15.2
Indiana 753 63.1 1129 62.3 867 51.8 -1.3 -16.8 -17.9
Iowa 763 68.4 727 59.0 659 58.0 -13.7 -1.8 -15.3
Kansas 565 80.7 465 68.6 423 61.7 -15 -10.1 -23.5
Kentucky 359 65.2 396 44.7 571 55.9 -31.4 25 -14.3
Louisiana 356 69.7 476 72.5 470 74.7 4 3 7.2
Maine 202 90.6 379 85.5 363 91.7 -5.6 7.3 1.3
Maryland 592 79.6 547 77.5 812 78.3 -2.6 1 -1.6
Massachusetts 921 44.5 823 40.3 721 48.1 -9.4 19.3 8.1
Michigan 2,443 86.2 2,794 84.4 2,975 83.7 -2.1 -0.9 -2.9
Minnesota 632 85.0 613 86.3 565 84.8 1.6 -1.8 -0.2
Mississippi 237 82.7 287 88.5 264 81.4 7 -8 -1.5
Missouri 837 71.3 1,261 68.9 1,091 67.9 -3.4 -1.4 -4.8
Montana 188 59.0 237 58.2 275 60.4 -1.4 3.7 2.2
Nebraska 276 40.6 292 45.2 292 51.4 11.4 13.6 26.6
Nevada 123 74.8 231 67.5 243 70.8 -9.7 4.8 -5.4
New Hampshire 62 85.5 97 78.4 95 88.4 -8.3 12.9 3.4
New Jersey 732 72.5 829 78.9 1,025 77.6 8.8 -1.7 6.9
New Mexico 65 100.0 347 83.3 369 89.4 -16.7 7.4 -10.6
New York 4,792 93.5 4,182 93.2 3,888 93.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.5
North Carolina 944 72.1 1315 74.6 1298 75.0 3.4 0.5 3.9
North Dakota 138 29.0 105 27.6 145 49.7 -4.7 79.8 71.3
Ohio 1,863 88.0 2,035 91.9 2,225 95.9 4.4 4.3 8.9
Oklahoma 814 71.1 1064 56.5 955 59.6 -20.6 5.5 -16.2
Oregon 765 72.4 830 78.1 1071 79.4 7.8 1.7 9.6
Pennsylvania 1,448 84.9 1,684 88.1 1,525 84.7 3.7 -3.9 -0.3
Rhode Island 281 66.9 257 54.1 267 63.7 -19.2 17.7 -4.8
South Carolina 456 68.2 371 66.0 364 64.3 -3.2 -2.7 -5.7
South Dakota 84 60.7 94 44.7 97 60.8 -26.4 36.1 0.2
Tennessee 381 68.5 430 70.0 638 69.3 2.2 -1 1.1
Texas 2,060 73.7 2,039 70.6 2,317 55.6 -4.2 -21.2 -24.5
Utah 368 72.8 303 57.8 348 48.3 -20.7 -16.4 -33.7
Vermont 139 87.1 116 87.9 116 85.3 1 -2.9 -2
Virginia 322 52.5 445 69.7 493 68.2 32.7 -2.2 29.9
Washington 1,046 64.8 1,139 63.9 1,203 83.8 -1.4 31.1 29.3
West Virginia 312 43.6 352 49.7 362 63.3 14.1 27.2 45.1
Wisconsin 637 85.1 734 89.1 753 84.7 4.7 -4.9 -0.4
Wyoming 45 55.6 61 54.1 46 78.3 -2.6 44.7 40.9
Puerto Rico 349 11.2 246 16.7 250 10.4 49.1 -37.6 -6.9
Total 46,367 74.8 50,396 75.2 50,565 74.3 0.4 -1.2 -0.7
Notes:
  1. Invalid or missing subsidy data are excluded from these analyses.
  2. Except where noted, data presented in these tables are reported to ACF by states. Although ACF continues to work with states to improve the quality of AFCARS data, neither ACF nor RTI can verify the validity or completeness of these data.

Source: AFCARS 1999-2001, adoption data.

Table A-6.
Comparison of Adoption Subsidies and Foster Care Payment Rates, by State, FY 2001
State Percent of Adopted Children Receiving Federal + State Subsidy Percent of Non-Relative Foster Care Children Receiving Federal + State Payments Ratio of Foster Care Payments to Adoption Federal + State Subsidies
N (%) N (%)
Alabama 237 33.8 4,059 32.4 1.0
Alaska* 278 82.4 1,163 — —
Arizona 938 69.2 3,957 49.7 0.7
Arkansas 361 78.9 4,339 38.2 0.5
California 9,822 83 56,921 55.9 0.7
Colorado 596 60.7 6,139 38.9 0.6
Connecticut 444 10.4 6,014 94.4 9.1
Delaware 115 75.7 954 50.3 0.7
District of Columbia 227 44.1 1,816 3.7 0.1
Florida 1,748 56.6 16,562 40.2 0.7
Georgia 896 34.9 11,852 40.5 1.2
Hawaii 260 60.8 2,487 41.5 0.7
Idaho 123 76.4 1,481 40.4 0.5
Illinois 4,079 75.5 17,923 39.6 0.5
Indiana 867 51.8 6,158 55 1.1
Iowa 659 58 5,232 47.9 0.8
Kansas 423 61.7 3,714 31.4 0.5
Kentucky 571 55.9 5,096 54.6 1.0
Louisiana 470 74.7 3,994 65.8 0.9
Maine 363 91.7 2,474 67.4 0.7
Maryland 812 78.3 5,968 64.4 0.8
Massachusetts 721 48.1 8,737 9.9 0.2
Michigan 2,975 83.7 14,245 4.7 0.1
Minnesota 565 84.8 7,444 46.3 0.5
Mississippi 264 81.4 1,554 71.4 0.9
Missouri 1,091 67.9 8,693 47.5 0.7
Montana 275 60.4 1,761 36.1 0.6
Nebraska 292 51.4 2,755 45.5 0.9
Nevada 243 70.8 675 0 0.0
New Hampshire 95 88.4 1,066 43.7 0.5
New Jersey 1,025 77.6 8,851 51 0.7
New Mexico 369 89.4 2,391 43 0.5
New York 3,888 93.1 31,582 65.8 0.7
North Carolina 1,298 75 6,794 56.5 0.8
North Dakota 145 49.7 970 52.8 1.1
Ohio 2,225 95.9 19,364 70.4 0.7
Oklahoma 955 59.6 8,054 47.2 0.8
Oregon 1,071 79.4 6,264 57.8 0.7
Pennsylvania 1,525 84.7 15,597 63.6 0.8
Rhode Island 267 63.7 1,078 48.1 0.8
South Carolina 364 64.3 4,631 49.3 0.8
South Dakota 97 60.8 1,274 45.7 0.8
Tennessee 638 69.3 6,233 60.2 0.9
Texas 2,317 55.6 12,915 8 0.1
Utah 348 48.3 2,382 48 1.0
Vermont 116 85.3 1,015 80.9 0.9
Virginia 493 68.2 5,653 58.3 0.9
Washington 1,203 83.8 8,748 37.6 0.4
West Virginia 362 63.3 2,917 38.3 0.6
Wisconsin 753 84.7 8,723 52 0.6
Wyoming 46 78.3 617 17.8 0.2
Puerto Rico 250 10.4 4,734 18.5 1.8
Total 50,565 74.3 376,020 48.3 0.7
Notes:
  1. Subsidy rates include deferred payments.
  2. Foster care data include only children in nonrelative foster care placement.
  3. Except where noted, data presented in these tables are reported to ACF by states. Although ACF continues to work with states to improve the quality of AFCARS data, neither ACF nor RTI can verify the validity or completeness of these data.

* This state was missing federal foster care payment data for all their cases for this analysis.

Source: AFCARS 2001, adoption and foster care data.

Table A-7.
Median Monthly Adoption Subsidy Amount by Age, by State, FY 2001
State Age at Adoption State Ranking
0 to 5 6 to 12 13 to 17 Total
Children with Subsidy ($) Children with Subsidy ($) Children with Subsidy ($) Children with Subsidy ($)
Alabama 50 241 55 241 6 241 111 241 39
Alaska 138 653 118 603 15 689 271 650 4
Arizona 330 479 291 479 66 479 687 479 18
Arkansas 114 400 109 425 39 475 262 425 23
California 4,795 405 3,507 471 680 569 8,982 441 20
Colorado 263 401 208 601 44 786 515 510 15
Connecticut 29 638 42 659 2 727 73 659 3
Delaware 60 479 47 518 5 543 112 479 18
District of Columbia 37 741 80 741 13 817 130 741 2
Florida 603 295 430 304 90 364 1,123 300 37
Georgia 168 388 193 411 51 433 412 411 24
Hawaii 118 529 84 529 14 529 216 529 12
Idaho 56 251 36 365 12 410 104 275 38
Illinois 1,564 369 1,970 410 383 444 3,917 410 25
Indiana* 102 169 150 162 42 194 294 171 41
Iowa 225 587 214 904 65 971 504 856 1
Kansas 106 304 136 400 53 400 295 400 29
Kentucky 130 600 178 600 56 722 364 600 6
Louisiana 156 273 220 392 52 395 428 353 35
Maine 163 581 141 772 37 733 341 650 4
Maryland 338 600 378 535 80 550 796 543 11
Massachusetts 309 454 285 471 50 522 644 471 19
Michigan 1,253 439 1,350 731 265 846 2,868 591 7
Minnesota 277 397 257 552 27 612 561 427 22
Mississippi* — — — — — — — — —
Missouri 532 225 409 275 111 304 1,052 275 38
Montana 103 388 111 399 34 508 248 408 26
Nebraska 90 421 85 641 26 627 201 527 13
Nevada* — — — — — — — — —
New Hampshire 35 535 38 600 6 708 79 552 9
New Jersey 495 412 361 457 43 516 899 437 21
New Mexico* 48 487 72 520 15 545 135 503 16
New York* — — — — — — — — —
North Carolina 566 315 479 365 125 415 1,170 365 32
North Dakota 39 396 36 388 16 558 91 402 28
Ohio 1,111 471 815 517 190 575 2,116 500 17
Oklahoma 346 300 438 360 115 420 899 360 33
Oregon 498 369 463 500 77 540 1,038 400 29
Pennsylvania 581 450 610 522 177 600 1,368 510 15
Rhode Island 148 387 98 418 19 422 265 407 27
South Carolina 165 332 155 359 44 425 364 359 34
South Dakota 35 390 25 390 3 469 63 390 31
Tennessee 131 362 306 313 80 422 517 402 28
Texas 974 516 610 516 97 516 1,681 516 14
Utah 144 270 105 348 17 411 266 300 37
Vermont 41 478 44 567 14 789 99 549 10
Virginia 160 294 215 344 49 436 424 344 36
Washington 645 531 414 612 48 728 1,107 572 8
West Virginia 119 400 124 400 34 456 277 400 29
Wisconsin 326 518 322 796 48 1,002 696 639 5
Wyoming 9 399 26 399 4 399 39 399 30
Puerto Rico 9 207 17 174 5 174 31 174 40
Total 18,734 406 16,857 471 3,544 522 39,135 444 —
Notes:
  1. Adoption subsidy amounts exclude deferred payment amounts.
  2. Eight states (Arizona, Arkansas, Indiana, Mississippi, Nevada, New Mexico, New York, and West Virginia) had missing or invalid subsidy amount data for at least 10 percent of their cases.
  3. Each state was ranked according to their median monthly subsidy amount.
  4. Except where noted, data presented in these tables are reported to ACF by states. Although ACF continues to work with states to improve the quality of AFCARS data, neither ACF nor RTI can verify the validity or completeness of these data.

* These states had missing or invalid subsidy amount data for more than 30 percent of their cases.

Source: AFCARS 2001, adoption data.

Table A-8.
Median Monthly Adoption Subsidy Amount, by State, FY 1999-2001
State Median Monthly Adoption Subsidy Percent Change of Subsidy Amount
1999 2000 2001 1999-2000 2000-2001 1999-2001
Children with Subsidy ($) Children with Subsidy ($) Children with Subsidy ($) (%) (%) (%)
Alabama 78 241 91 241 111 241 0.0 0.0 0.0
Alaska 127 580 187 600 271 650 3.4 8.3 12.1
Arizona 553 479 663 479 687 479 0.0 0.0 0.0
Arkansas 250 425 239 425 262 425 0.0 0.0 0.0
California 5,058 384 7,810 418 8,982 441 8.9 5.5 14.8
Colorado 646 349 621 349 515 510 0.0 46.1 46.1
Connecticut 230 640 201 659 73 659 3.0 0.0 3.0
Delaware 28 439 73 451 112 479 2.7 6.2 9.1
District of Columbia 45 445 233 581 130 741 30.6 27.5 66.5
Florida 659 235 809 284 1123 300 20.9 5.6 27.7
Georgia 881 342 717 342 412 411 0.0 20.2 20.2
Hawaii 231 529 224 529 216 529 0.0 0.0 0.0
Idaho 88 378 102 318 104 275 -15.9 -13.5 -27.2
Illinois 6,766 375 5338 384 3,917 410 2.4 6.8 9.3
Indiana* 142 214 445 156 294 171 -27.1 9.6 -20.1
Iowa 575 1123 534 1,009 504 856 -10.2 -15.2 -23.8
Kansas 514 434 386 400 295 400 -7.8 0.0 -7.8
Kentucky* 167 446 128 446 364 600 0.0 34.5 34.5
Louisiana 302 357 422 409 428 353 14.6 -13.7 -1.1
Maine 186 611 356 383 341 650 -37.3 69.7 6.5
Maryland 567 542 534 542 796 543 0.0 0.1 0.1
Massachusetts 888 471 692 471 644 471 0.0 0.0 0.0
Michigan 2,357 556 2,687 579 2,868 591 4.1 2.1 6.3
Minnesota 627 427 605 522 561 427 22.2 -18.2 0.0
Mississippi* — — — — — — — — —
Missouri 768 264 1,179 264 1,052 275 0.0 4.2 4.2
Montana 161 341 194 351 248 408 2.9 16.2 19.6
Nebraska 185 543 216 526 201 527 -3.2 0.3 -2.9
Nevada* 2 7,600 2 7,450 0 0 -2.0 0.0 0.0
New Hampshire 42 495 54 535 79 552 8.1 3.2 11.5
New Jersey 594 400 724 430 899 437 7.5 1.6 9.3
New Mexico* 1 10,000 0 0 135 503 0.0 0.0 -95.0
New York* — — — — — — — — —
North Carolina 882 345 1,204 365 1,170 365 5.8 0.0 5.8
North Dakota 48 433 34 391 91 402 -9.8 2.9 -7.2
Ohio 1,393 397 1,851 470 2,116 500 18.4 6.4 25.9
Oklahoma 790 360 1,031 360 899 360 0.0 0.0 0.0
Oregon 547 360 767 377 1,038 400 4.7 6.1 11.1
Pennsylvania 1,264 465 1,549 464 1,368 510 -0.2 9.9 9.7
Rhode Island 162 12 256 303 265 407 2,425.0 34.3 3,291.7
South Carolina 435 332 354 359 364 359 8.1 0.0 8.1
South Dakota 80 371 48 382 63 390 2.8 2.2 5.1
Tennessee 302 335 350 345 517 402 3.0 16.5 20.0
Texas 1,926 475 1,896 475 1,681 516 0.0 8.6 8.6
Utah* 104 300 230 341 266 300 13.7 -12.0 0.0
Vermont 129 601 105 553 99 549 -8.0 -0.7 -8.7
Virginia 227 323 393 344 424 344 6.5 0.0 6.5
Washington 872 574 936 569 1,107 572 -1.0 0.6 -0.3
West Virginia* 89 400 99 400 277 400 0.0 0.0 0.0
Wisconsin 612 577 710 623 696 639 8.0 2.5 10.7
Wyoming 31 399 39 399 39 399 0.0 0.0 0.0
Puerto Rico 44 207 48 207 31 174 0.0 -15.9 -15.9
Total 33,655 404 38,366 425 39,135 444 5.2 4.5 9.9
Notes:
  1. Adoption subsidy amounts exclude deferred payment amounts.
  2. For 2001 analysis, eight states (Arizona, Arkansas, Indiana, Mississippi, Nevada, New Mexico, New York, and West Virginia) had missing or invalid subsidy amount data for at least 10 percent of their cases.
  3. For 2000 analysis, 12 states (Arizona, Arkansas, Connecticut, Indiana, Kentucky, Mississippi, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, West Virginia, and Wyoming) had missing or invalid subsidy amount data for at least 10 percent of their cases.
  4. For 1999 analysis, 16 states (Arizona, Arkansas, Connecticut, Indiana, Kentucky, Mississippi, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Rhode Island, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming) had missing or invalid subsidy amount data for at least 10 percent of their cases.
  5. Except where noted, data presented in these tables are reported to ACF by states. Although ACF continues to work with states to improve the quality of AFCARS data, neither ACF nor RTI can verify the validity or completeness of these data.

* These states had missing or invalid subsidy amount data for more than 30 percent of their cases for at least one reporting year.

Source: AFCARS 1999-2001, adoption data.

Table A-9.
Comparison of Adoption Subsidy Median Amounts with Foster Care Subsidy Median Amounts by Age, by State, FY 2001
State Median Monthly Subsidy AD/FC (%)
Total Ages 0 to 5 Ages 6 to 12 Ages 13 to 17
Adoption N Median Adoption Subsidy Foster Care
N		 Median Foster Care Payment Ratio Median Adoption Subsidy Median Foster Care Payment Ratio Median Adoption Subsidy Median Foster Care Payment Ratio Median Adoption Subsidy Median Foster Care Payment Ratio
Alabama 108 241 1,311 241 1.0 241 241 1.0 241 241 1.0 241 241 1.0
Alaska 142 695 0 0 — 670 0 — 732 0 — 689 0 —
Arizona 426 479 1,636 358 1.3 479 358 1.3 479 358 1.3 479 418 1.1
Arkansas 203 425 1,162 425 1.0 400 400 1.0 425 425 1.0 475 450 1.1
California 4,718 441 18,456 981 0.4 405 631 0.6 539 1,264 0.4 581 1,537 0.4
Colorado 374 510 2,229 1,604 0.3 461 1,237 0.4 601 1,604 0.4 641 2,046 0.3
Connecticut 64 659 5,434 1,624 0.4 638 998 0.6 659 2,008 0.3 727 3,087 0.2
Delaware 105 479 460 518 0.9 479 457 1.0 518 518 1.0 543 573 0.9
District of Columbia 107 741 68 717 1.0 741 717 1.0 741 717 1.0 805 2,958 0.3
Florida 612 296 5,375 380 0.8 295 369 0.8 304 380 0.8 364 455 0.8
Georgia 370 411 4,388 1,300 0.3 388 1,275 0.3 411 1,350 0.3 433 1,425 0.3
Hawaii 100 529 1,014 529 1.0 529 529 1.0 529 529 1.0 529 529 1.0
Idaho 79 275 599 301 0.9 251 251 1.0 425 303 1.4 410 404 1.0
Illinois 3,916 410 7,083 444 0.9 369 369 1.0 410 444 0.9 444 771 0.6
Indiana* 254 177 3,096 540 0.3 166 510 0.3 171 540 0.3 226 600 0.4
Iowa 504 856 2,505 698 1.2 587 646 0.9